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| 1 |
Subshrubs; stems branched; leaves usually in many pairs, not clustered at stem apex; connectives confluent and ovate, 3- or 5-lobed. |
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(2) |
| + |
Perennial herbs; stems usually not branched; leaves usually 4 (rarely 6-10), clustered near stem apex, often false-whorled, with nodes toward base of stem with scalelike leaves only; connectives linear to oblong-lanceolate or very reduced. |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Flowers yellowish green; leaves 5-11 × 2.5-5.5 cm, apex acute or obtuse, margin crenate-serrate; central connective 3-toothed |
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1 Chloranthus spicatus |
| + |
Flowers white; leaves 10-20 × 4-8 cm, apex gradually narrowed to caudate, margin glandular serrate; central lobe of connective entire |
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2 Chloranthus erectus |
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| 3 (1) |
Style conspicuous |
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3 Chloranthus oldhamii |
| + |
Style absent. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Leaves sessile |
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13 Chloranthus sessilifolius |
| + |
Leaves petiolate. |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Connectives conspicuous, linear, more than 5 × as long as thecae. |
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(6) |
| + |
Connectives short, 1-3 × as long as thecae. |
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(9) |
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| 6 (5) |
Leaves 8-10, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, apex acuminate |
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4 Chloranthus angustifolius |
| + |
Leaves usually 4, broadly elliptic or obovate, apex acute or acuminate. |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Central stamen without anther; leaf margin sharply serrate |
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5 Chloranthus japonicus |
| + |
Central stamen 2-loculed; leaf margin serrate or crenate. |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Connective 1-1.9 cm; bracts 2- or 3-toothed; spike 1 |
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6 Chloranthus fortunei |
| + |
Connective less than 1 cm; bracts entire; spikes 1-5 |
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7 Chloranthus holostegius |
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| 9 (5) |
Leaves pubescent along veins abaxially. |
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(10) |
| + |
Leaves glabrous abaxially. |
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(12) |
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| 10 (9) |
Spikes many (sometimes 1), axillary and terminal; stamens 1-3, connectives small, ca. as long as thecae or slightly longer |
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11 Chloranthus multistachys |
| + |
Spike 1, terminal, dichotomously or racemosely branched; stamens 3, connectives 2-4 × as long as thecae. |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Leaves broadly elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or obovate, serrate; peduncle 10-16 cm; central connective ca. 3 mm; thecae at base of connectives |
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12 Chloranthus henryi |
| + |
Leaves suborbicular or broadly elliptic, dully serrate; peduncles 1.2-2.3 cm; central connective ca. 2 mm; thecae at middle of connectives |
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10 Chloranthus serratus |
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| 12 (9) |
Stamen 1, connective very reduced, not projecting beyond thecae |
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8 Chloranthus anhuiensis |
| + |
Stamens 3, connective longer than thecae. |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Pistil with a gynophore 4-7 mm |
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9 Chloranthus tianmushanensis |
| + |
Pistil without a gynophore. |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Leaves obovate or suborbicular, coarsely crenate; 3 connectives obliquely ascending, central connective erect, longer than lateral connectives; thecae at base of connectives |
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12 Chloranthus henryi |
| + |
Leaves elliptic, obovate, or ovate-lanceolate, sharply and densely serrate; 3 connectives connivent, central connective incurved, nearly as long as lateral connectives; thecae at middle or apical part of connectives |
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10 Chloranthus serratus |
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