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11. Convolvulus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 153. 1753.
旋花属 xuan hua shu
Plants annual or perennial, prostrate, erect, or strangling or twining herbs, or cushionlike or erect shrubs; axial parts usually pubescent, hairs simple or 2-armed. Leaves simple, petiolate or sessile, margin entire or ± lobed. Flowers axillary, peduncled, solitary or in various kinds of inflorescences. Sepals equal or unequal, middle sepal asymmetric (exposed 1/2 similar to outer 2 sepals, enclosed 1/2 similar to inner 2 sepals), persistent, not enlarged. Corolla funnelform or campanulate; limb shallowly lobed or entire, with 5 ± distinct midpetaline bands. Stamens included, inserted at corolla base; filaments dilated basally, filiform apically; pollen ellipsoid, 3- (or 4)-colpate, not spiny. Disc ringlike or cupular. Pistil included; ovary 2-loculed; ovules 2 per locule. Style 1, filiform; stigmas 2, linear, cylindric, or clavate. Capsule 2-loculed, 4-valved or irregularly dehiscent. Seeds 1-4, black or brown, often verruculose, pubescent, rarely glabrous.
Approximately 250 species: widely distributed; eight species in China.
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| 1 |
Twining herbs; leaves sagittate, cordate, or hastate basally, petiolate or subsessile. |
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(2) |
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Shrubs, subshrubs, or prostrate, erect, or ascending herbs; leaves attenuate or decurrent basally, rarely rounded, sessile to subsessile. |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaves petiolate, leaf blade ovate-oblong to ovate, 10-40 mm wide; outer sepals retuse apically |
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7 Convolvulus arvensis |
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Leaves subsessile or basal leaves with petioles to 5 mm, leaf blade linear to linear-oblong, 3-5 mm wide; outer sepals acuminate-cuspidate apically |
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8 Convolvulus steppicola |
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| 3 (1) |
Shrubs or subshrubs, often with densely straggling branches; twigs spinescent. |
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(4) |
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Perennial herbs; stems erect, prostrate, or ascending, not spinescent. |
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(6) |
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| 4 (3) |
Sepals glabrous or sparsely pubescent, unequal, outer 2 broadly ovate-circular, base cordate, distinctly wider than inner ones |
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1 Convolvulus gortschakovii |
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Sepals hirsute to tomentose-villous, outer 2 neither cordate basally nor distinctly wider than inner ones. |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Stems 20-50 cm tall, with short spreading flowering branches often ending in 1 or 2 spines; flower buds often ± reflexed. |
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2 Convolvulus fruticosus |
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Stems 4-10(-15) cm tall, forming a ± compact cushion, flowering branches without spines, other twigs with hard spines; flower buds never reflexed |
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3 Convolvulus tragacanthoides |
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| 6 (3) |
Stems erect; leaves and sepals glabrous or ± appressed pilose abaxially; most cymes long pedunculate, much longer than leaves; sepals apically ± obtuse, mucronulate |
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4 Convolvulus pseudocantabricus |
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Stems prostrate or ascending; leaves and sepals densely silvery or golden sericeous; cymes short, hidden amongst leaves; sepals apically acute or acuminate. |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Leaves linear or linear-oblanceolate, 1-4 mm wide; flower usually solitary; corolla 0.8-1.5 cm |
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5 Convolvulus ammannii |
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Leaves oblanceolate to oblong-oblanceolate, 5-25 mm wide; flowers 3 or 4 together, rarely 1 or 5; corolla 1.5-2.5 cm |
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6 Convolvulus lineatus |
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Lower Taxa
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