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3. Schisandraceae

五味子科 wu wei zi ke

Authors: Nianhe Xia, Yuhu Liu & Richard M. K. Saunders

Schisandra sphaerandra

Credit: Harvard University Herbaria

Vines, woody, monoecious or dioecious. Stipules absent. Leaves alternate or ± clustered, simple, petiolate. Flowers axillary to leaves on ultimate branches or in axils of fugacious bracts near base of ultimate shoots, generally solitary but occasionally in pairs or clusters to 8, unisexual, hypogynous, with few to numerous parts generally spirally arranged, pedunculate. Perianth segments not as separate sepals and petals, distinct, outermost and innermost sometimes reduced. Staminate flowers: stamens 4-80, ± distinct, distinct but basally connate, or connate as a fleshy synandrium or tightly compressed; anthers basifixed (except Schisandra plena), thecae dehiscing by longitudinal slits. Pistillate flowers: carpels 12 to ca. 300, developmentally conduplicate; stigmatic crest as unvascularized "pseudostyle," sometimes modified as peltate "pseudostigma"; ovary unilocular; ovules 2-5(-11) per ovary, anatropous, ventrally attached or pendulous, 2-tegmic, crassinucellar. Fruit aggregates of apocarps; receptacle ellipsoid or elongate; apocarps with fleshy pericarp. Seeds 1-5(or more) per apocarp, ventrally attached or pendulous, laterally flattened; endosperm copious, oily.

Two genera and 39 species: mainly in E and SE Asia but one species of Schisandra in North America; two genera and 27 species (16 endemic) in China.

Law Yuwu. 1996. Schisandreae. In: Law Yuwu, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 30(1): 231-269, 271-273.


Key to specimens with staminate flowers

1 Androecium of distinct stamens not compressed into androecial mass   (2)
+ Androecium of distinct but highly compressed stamens or of connate stamens in a fleshy androecial mass   (3)
       
2 (1) Apex of androecium with variable number of staminodes or occasionally staminodes absent; pollen 6-colpate.   1 Kadsura
+ Apex of androecium without staminodes; pollen 3-colpate.   2 Schisandra
       
3 (1) Stamens distinct but highly compressed.   1 Kadsura
+ Stamens connate into a fleshy androecial mass.   2 Schisandra

List of Keys

Lower Taxa


 

Related Objects  
  • Schisandraceae (PDF)
  • PDF

    Interactive Keys by Xiangying Wen  
  • The New York Botanical Garden Vascular Plant Type Catalog
  • Web Page
  • Schisandra glabra (Xiangying Wen)
  • Image/JPEG

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