| 1 |
Umbels 1(-3), borne in axils of leaves on short shoots |
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(2) |
| + |
Umbels 1 to many, terminal on leafy shoots |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Ovary (4 or)5-carpellate, styles united, forming a column; branches with dense bristles along with prickles at base of petiole. |
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1 E. setulosus |
| + |
Ovary 2(or 3)-carpellate, styles free nearly to base; branches with few reflexed prickles or rarely unarmed. |
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2 E. nodiflorus |
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| 3 (1) |
Styles united throughout their entire length, forming a column, stigmas sometimes forming a peltate to slightly recurved disk |
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(4) |
| + |
Styles free at least apically, with distinct arms |
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(9) |
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| 4 (3) |
Flowers sessile, arranged in heads. |
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3 E. sessiliflorus |
| + |
Flowers distinctly pedicellate, arranged in umbels |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Leaves near ends of branches sessile or very shortly petiolate, leaflets obovate-oblong to rhombic, 3-6 × 1-2.5 cm, margin entire, apex rounded to obtuse. |
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4 E. brachypus |
| + |
Leaves with a distinct petiole at least 3-7 cm, leaflets variable in shape and size, margin serrate or biserrate, apex variable |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Prickles stout, compressed in cross-section, oriented downward (sometimes lacking on specimens). |
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5 E. henryi |
| + |
Prickles slender, terete in cross-section, oriented in various directions |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Flowers purple-yellow; branches with slender bristlelike prickles, often present between nodes; petiolule of central leaflet (0.6-)1.2-2 cm. |
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6 E. senticosus |
| + |
Flowers yellow-green; branches with few prickles, generally present only at nodes, sometimes lacking; petiolule of central leaflet 0.3-1 cm |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Leaflets 6-14 × 2.5-6 cm; ovary glabrous. |
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7 E. leucorrhizus |
| + |
Leaflets 4-7 × 1-2.5 cm; ovary pubescent at base when very young |
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8 E. baoxinensis |
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| 9 (3) |
Inflorescence verticillate, primary axis with a terminal umbel and almost always 1 to several verticils of flowers, and also often with several flowers borne individually at base. |
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9 E. verticillatus |
| + |
Inflorescence a solitary umbel or panicle of umbels, flowers never arranged in verticils |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Styles free to base or nearly so |
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(11) |
| + |
Styles united at least at base |
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(12) |
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| 11 (10) |
Branches usually pubescent when young and with prickles; peduncles and pedicels pubescent. |
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10 E. cissifolius |
| + |
Branches glabrous and unarmed; peduncles and pedicels glabrous. |
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11 E. eleutheristylus |
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| 12 (10) |
Ovary (3-)5-carpellate, styles (3-)5; leaflets (3-)5 |
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(13) |
| + |
Ovary 2-carpellate, styles 2; leaflets usually 3 |
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(15) |
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| 13 (12) |
Branches with dense bristlelike prickles. |
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12 E. giraldii |
| + |
Branches with slender prickles scattered or only on nodes |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Young branches purple-red; styles united only at base. |
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13 E. wilsonii |
| + |
Young branches brownish; styles united to middle. |
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14 E. rehderianus |
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| 15 (12) |
Calyx and bractlets subtending pedicels white to gray woolly tomentose. |
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15 E. lasiogyne |
| + |
Calyx and bractlets subtending pedicels glabrous |
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(16) |
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| 16 (15) |
Branches unarmed; leaflets membranous. |
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16 E. scandens |
| + |
Branches usually with at least some prickles; leaves papery |
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(17) |
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| 17 (16) |
Leaflets adaxially glabrous or slightly setose on veins; margins serrulate |
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17 E. trifoliatus |
| + |
Leaflets adaxially ± densely setose on veins; margins setose-biserrulate |
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18 E. setosus |
