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39. FRAGARIA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 494. 1753.
草莓属 cao mei shu
Li Chaoluan (Li Chao-luang); Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba
Herbs perennial, mostly stoloniferous, polygamo-dioecious, usually spreading or appressed hairy. Stolons often rooting at nodes and forming plantlets. Leaves alternate, petiolate; stipules adnate to base of petiole, often membranous, sheathing; leaf blade 3-foliolate or pinnately 5-foliolate. Inflorescence erect, cymose or corymbiform, few flowered, rarely a solitary flower. Hypanthium obconic or turbinate. Sepals 5, valvate, persistent; epicalyx segments 5, alternating with and smaller than sepals, margin entire. Petals 5, white, rarely yellow, broadly obovate or suborbicular. Stamens numerous; anther 2-loculed. Carpels numerous, free, borne on convex receptacle; ovule ascending from middle of locule; style adaxial, short, persistent. Aggregate fruit formed from enlarged receptacle, berry-like, long conic to globose, fleshy. Achenes numerous, seated in pits on surface of aggregate fruit, minute, brittle. Seed testa membranous; cotyledons convex. x = 7.
About 20 species: temperate and subtropical regions of N hemisphere, extending to South America; nine species (three endemic, one introduced) in China.
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| 1 |
Stems and petioles appressed hairy. |
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(2) |
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Stems and petioles spreading hairy. |
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(5) |
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| 2 (1) |
Sepals appressed to agregate fruit in fruit. |
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9 F. nubicola |
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Sepals reflexed in fruit. |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaflets 5; aggregate fruit ovoid. |
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3 F. pentaphylla |
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Leaflets 3, or if 5 then aggregate fruit globose or ellipsoid. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Aggregate fruit long conic, ovoid, or rarely fusiform; epicalyx segments oblong, apex 2- or 3-lobed; leaflets 3. |
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7 F. daltoniana |
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Aggregate fruit globose or ellipsoid; epicalyx segments linear-lanceolate or linear, apex entire or lobed; leaflets 3 or 5. |
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8 F. gracilis |
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| 5 (1) |
Pedicels appressed hairy. |
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1 F. vesca |
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Pedicels densely spreading hairy. |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Sepals spreading or reflexed in fruit. |
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(7) |
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Sepals appressed to aggregate fruit in fruit. |
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(8) |
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| 7 (6) |
Leaflets 3, thin, both surfaces hairy, abaxially more densely so on veins; sepals spreading in fruit. |
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2 F. orientalis |
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Leaflets 5, thick, abaxially sparsely pilose, adaxially glabrous; sepals reflexed in fruit. |
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3 F. pentaphylla |
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| 8 (6) |
Leaflets (3 or)5, thin; plants silvery hairy throughout. |
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6 F. moupinensis |
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Leaflets 3, thick; plants brown-yellow hairy throughout. |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Aggregate fruit 1–1.5 cm in diam.; plants wild. |
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4 F. nilgerrensis |
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Aggregate fruit to 3 cm in diam.; plants cultivated. |
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5 F. ×ananassa |
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List of lower taxa
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Treatments in Other Floras @ www.efloras.org
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