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9. Gomphostemma Bentham, Edward's Bot. Reg. 15: t. 1292. 1830.
锥花属 zhui hua shu
Shrubs or perennial herbs. Stems with stellate hairs. Leaves petiolate; leaf blade margin serrate, adaxially stellate puberulent/hirsute, abaxially densely stellate lanate. Inflorescences axillary, sometimes basal, rarely terminal, cymes pedunculate or sessile, sometimes in spikes or panicles; bracts subcircular to linear-lanceolate. Calyx campanulate to tubular, 10-veined, 5-toothed, teeth equal or subequal. Corolla purple-red or yellow to white, 2-lipped, straight or curved, long exserted; tube abruptly or gradually dilated at throat, not hairy annulate inside; upper lip straight, slightly galeate, entire or emarginate, sometimes mucronulate; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed, middle lobe longest. Stamens 4, underlying upper lip, anterior 2 longest; filaments complanate, hairy on two sides or glabrous; anthers close together in pairs, cells parallel, transverse. Style included, apically subequally 2-cleft. Nutlets 1-4 maturing per flower, obovoid to ovoid, rarely globose, rugulose, glabrous or hirsute, drupelike, areole oblique.
About 36 species: China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; 15 species in China.
Gomphostemma is one of few tropical rain forest genera in the Lamiaceae.
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| 1 |
Inflorescences clearly pedunculate, inserted near base of stem. |
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(2) |
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Inflorescences often subsessile, inserted at mid and upper stem leaf axils. |
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(4) |
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| 2 (1) |
Bracts linear to capillary, 0.3-1.5 mm wide |
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6 Gomphostemma pseudocrinitum |
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Bracts lanceolate to ovate, 5-15 mm wide. |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Peduncle 2.5-7 cm; bracts purplish red, brownish purple when dry |
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15 Gomphostemma pedunculatum |
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Peduncle 0.2-2.2 cm; bracts greenish |
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14 Gomphostemma chinense |
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| 4 (1) |
Inflorescence an elongated thyrse of decussate, 1- or 2-flowered cymes. |
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(5) |
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Inflorescence a many-flowered cyme or group of cymes, often forming dense capitula. |
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(6) |
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| 5 (4) |
Calyx ca. 9 mm, teeth 3-3.2 mm; corolla 3.5-3.7 cm |
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1 Gomphostemma deltodon |
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Calyx 5-7 mm, teeth ca. 1 mm; corolla 1.6-2 cm |
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2 Gomphostemma microdon |
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| 6 (4) |
Bracts 0.5-3 mm wide. |
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(7) |
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Bracts 3-18 mm wide. |
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(9) |
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| 7 (6) |
Cymes 3- or 4-flowered; calyx teeth 8-9 mm |
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4 Gomphostemma leptodon |
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Cymes many flowered; calyx teeth 3-7 mm. |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Bracts 1- or 3-veined; calyx teeth linear to triangular-lanceolate |
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3 Gomphostemma parviflorum |
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Bracts inconspicuously 1- or 3-veined; calyx teeth linear |
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5 Gomphostemma crinitum |
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| 9 (6) |
Calyx teeth triangular, obtuse to short needlelike. |
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(10) |
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Calyx teeth triangular-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, ± acuminate. |
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(11) |
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| 10 (9) |
Calyx teeth needlelike; nutlets compressed obovate, 3.5-4 mm wide, ± stellate at maturity |
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8 Gomphostemma lucidum |
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Calyx teeth obtuse; nutlets oblong triquetrous, 3-3.5 mm wide, glabrous at maturity |
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9 Gomphostemma arbusculum |
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| 11 (9) |
Leaf blade adaxially densely appressed tawny hirsute, abaxially with stipitate, tawny, stellate pubescence; corolla purple-red |
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11 Gomphostemma stellatohirsutum |
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Leaves sparsely pubescent or stellate hirsute/villous, abaxially stellate tomentose; corolla white to yellow (not recorded for G. callicarpoides). |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Leaves (7-)18-30 × (4-)7-14.5 cm, adaxially sparsely pubescent or minutely hispid. |
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(13) |
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Leaves 4-16 × 2-7 cm, adaxially sparsely stellate hirsute. |
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(14) |
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| 13 (12) |
Bracts 3-3.5 mm wide; calyx teeth subacuminate |
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10 Gomphostemma latifolium |
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Bracts 7-14 mm wide; calyx teeth caudate-acuminate |
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13 Gomphostemma sulcatum |
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| 14 (12) |
Leaf blade adaxially sparsely stellate hirsute |
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12 Gomphostemma callicarpoides |
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Leaf blade adaxially densely stellate pubescent |
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7 Gomphostemma hainanense |
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List of lower taxa
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Treatments in Other Floras @ www.efloras.org
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