|
|
|
12. Heterosmilax Kunth, Enum. Pl. 5: 270. 1850.
肖菝葜属 xiao ba qia shu
Liang Songyun (梁松筠 Liang Song-jun); Tetsuo Koyama
Oligosmilax Seemann; Pseudosmilax Hayata.
Vines climbing, woody or somewhat herbaceous, dioecious. Stem and branches smooth, not prickly. Petiole narrowly winged basally or proximally, with a subapical abscission zone; tendrils usually present. Leaf blade usually ovate or oblong-lanceolate, main veins 5--9, outermost pair usually running along margins. Inflorescence borne in axil of leaf or scalelike bract, a solitary, many-flowered umbel; peduncle usually compressed, without a scalelike prophyll at base. Flowers small; tepals connate, forming a bottle-shaped tube with opening only at toothed apex. Male flowers: stamens 3, 6, or 9--12; filaments connate proximally or throughout, forming a column (synandrium); anthers free, introrse; connective usually projecting beyond locules. Female flowers: ovary 3-loculed; ovules 1 or 2; stigmas 3, usually recurved; staminodes 3--6. Fruit a berry, black, globose, 1--6-seeded. Seeds dark brown.
Twelve species: tropical and subtropical Asia; nine species (five endemic) in China.
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
Male flowers with 9--13 stamens. |
|
(2) |
| + |
Male flowers with (2 or)3(or 4) stamens. |
|
(6) |
| |
|
|
|
| 2 (1) |
Stamens 1/4--1/3 as long as perianth. |
|
(3) |
| + |
Stamens 3/5--4/5 as long as perianth. |
|
(4) |
| |
|
|
|
| 3 (2) |
Male perianth ovoid, narrowly ovoid, or suboblong, (5--)7--10 mm; filament column ca. 1 mm |
|
4 Heterosmilax polyandra |
| + |
Male perianth lanceolate-bottle-shaped, 11--20 mm; filament column 2--3.5 mm |
|
5 Heterosmilax longiflora |
| |
|
|
|
| 4 (2) |
Male umbel 5--9-flowered; filaments connate throughout, forming a column |
|
3 Heterosmilax yunnanensis |
| + |
Male umbel 20--60-flowered; filaments connate only proximally, forming a column but leaving apices free. |
|
(5) |
| |
|
|
|
| 5 (4) |
Male perianth 4--8 mm; peduncle 5--40 mm |
|
1 Heterosmilax septemnervia |
| + |
Male perianth 2.5--3 mm; peduncle 32--55 mm |
|
2 Heterosmilax seisuiensis |
| |
|
|
|
| 6 (1) |
Stem, branches, and petiole pubescent, rarely glabrescent; male perianth oblong, teeth acute at apex |
|
6 Heterosmilax chinensis |
| + |
Stem, branches, and petiole glabrous; male perianth subobovoid, teeth obtuse at apex. |
|
(7) |
| |
|
|
|
| 7 (6) |
Male filaments connate only proximally, forming a column but leaving apices free |
|
7 Heterosmilax japonica |
| + |
Male filaments connate throughout, forming a column. |
|
(8) |
| |
|
|
|
| 8 (7) |
Male perianth 4--4.5 mm, apically 3-dentate; female perianth 3.7--4 mm |
|
8 Heterosmilax gaudichaudiana |
| + |
Male perianth 3--3.5 mm, apically scarcely dentate and subtruncate; female perianth ca. 2.3 mm |
|
9 Heterosmilax micrandra |
|
|
|
Lower Taxa
| Related Links (opens in a new window) |
|
Treatments in Other Floras @ www.efloras.org
Other Databases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
