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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 2-3 | Hymenophyllaceae

5. Hymenophyllum J. Smith, Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. (Turin). 5: 418. 1793.

膜蕨属 mo jue shu

Mecodium C. Presl ex Copeland; Meringium C. Presl; Microtrichomanes (Mettenius) Copeland; Pleuromanes C. Presl; Trichomanes sect. Microtrichomanes Mettenius.

Plants small, epiphytic or petrophilous. Rhizome long creeping, or short and erect, slender, filiform. Fronds small to medium-sized. Lamina pinnately decompound, semitransparent, entire or toothed at margin; rachis and/or lamina covered with reddish brown long hairs to glabrescent or glabrous. Involucres bivalvate, deeply cleft nearly halfway to base, or tubular with bivalvate mouth, entire or serrate at apex; receptacles included or projecting. 2n = 22, 26, 36, 42, 44.

About 250 species: throughout the tropics to temperate regions; 22 species (four endemic) in China.

Meringium acanthoides (Bosch) Copeland (Philipp. J. Sci. 67: 42. 1938; Didymoglossum acanthoides Bosch, Pl. Jungh. 1: 560. 1856; Hymenophyllum acanthoides (Bosch) Rosenstock) was an accepted name in FRPS (2: 151. 1959). It was described from Java, Indonesia, and was presumably a misidentification.

The following taxa could not be treated here because no material was seen by the present authors: Hymenophyllum dilatatum (G. Forster) Swartz var. amplum Christ (Bull. Herb. Boissier 7(1): 2-3. 1899), described from Yunnan, and H. henryi Baker (J. Bot. 27: 176. 1889), described from Hubei.

Excluded taxa

Hymenophyllum wrightii Bosch, Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 391. 1859.

莱氏蕗蕨 lai shi lu jue

Mecodium wrightii (Bosch) Copeland.

Plants 1.5-5 cm tall. Rhizome brown or blackish, ca. 0.1 mm in diam., glabrescent. Stipes remote, 1.5-2 cm apart, glabrous, with wings at apex (sometimes decurrent to middle or nearly to base), wings flat. Lamina 2- or 3-pinnatifid, green, ovate-lanceolate, usually 1.5-3.5 × 1-1.5 cm, membranous, glabrous or with a few multicellular hairs, base cordate or sometimes nearly truncate, apex obtuse; free lateral pinnae 2 or 3 pairs, alternate, spreading, ovate or obovate, base cuneate to rounded, apex obtuse or rounded; ultimate segments narrowly elliptic to oblong, 8-10 × 3-4 mm, with 1 veinlet at middle of each segment; segments entire, apex rounded, adnate to costae. Veins dichotomous, obvious; rachis and costae with flat wings throughout. Sori on upper parts of fronds, terminal on segments; involucres 1 per segment, bivalvate, cleft to base, entire, rounded at apex. 2n = 56, 84.

On rocks or tree trunks in wet forests. Taiwan [Japan, Korea, Russia (Siberia); North America (W Canada)].


1 Fronds whitish; involucres tubular.   22 H. pallidum
+ Fronds green; involucres usually bivalvate   (2)
       
2 (1) Fronds covered with stellate hairs.   21 H. pilosissimum
+ Fronds not covered with stellate hairs   (3)
       
3 (2) Margins of frond serrate or minute hairs present   (4)
+ Margins of frond entire and hairs absent   (11)
       
4 (3) Minute hairs present at margins of frond   (5)
+ Minute hairs absent at margins of frond   (6)
       
5 (4) Margins of frond with stiff, dark brown setae.   19 H. digitatum
+ Margins of frond with very sparse, whitish hairs.   20 H. nitidulum
       
6 (4) Rachis wingless or winged only near apex.   16 H. blandum
+ Rachis winged, at least in upper half of rachis   (7)
       
7 (6) Lamina crisped.   17 H. denticulatum
+ Lamina flat   (8)
       
8 (7) Lips of involucres entire.   18 H. holochilum
+ Lips of involucres serrate   (9)
       
9 (8) Ultimate segments 2-4 mm wide.   3 H. simonsianum
+ Ultimate segments less than 2 mm wide   (10)
       
10 (9) Rachis narrowly winged on upper part of frond.   2 H. devolii
+ Rachis winged nearly to base.   1 H. barbatum
       
11 (3) Lamina hairy or with scales   (12)
+ Lamina glabrous   (14)
       
12 (11) Lamina linear to ovate, with lanceolate multicellular scales as on rachis, usually less than 1 cm wide.   7 H. levingei
+ Lamina oblong to lanceolate, with acicular hairs like rachis, usually more than 1.5 cm wide   (13)
       
13 (12) Fronds less deeply dissected, costae with wings usually more than 1 mm, ultimate segments at most 3 mm; sori on basal acroscopic pinnules or usually arranged along rachis.   6 H. exsertum
+ Fronds more deeply dissected, costae winged less than 1 mm, ultimate segments often up to 5 mm; sori gathering at apical portion of frond.   9 H. oligosorum
       
14 (11) Stipe broadly winged throughout, wings more than 0.6 mm on one side   (15)
+ Stipe wingless or narrowly winged, wings less than 0.4 mm on one side   (18)
       
15 (14) Involucres entire at mouth.   4 H. badium
+ Involucres toothed at mouth   (16)
       
16 (15) Lips of involucres fimbriate.   14 H. fimbriatum
+ Lips of involucres minutely toothed   (17)
       
17 (16) Fronds larger, more than 15 cm.   12 H. javanicum
+ Fronds smaller, less than 15 cm.   13 H. riukiuense
       
18 (14) Wings of rachis and ultimate segments crisped   (19)
+ Wings of rachis and ultimate segments flat   (20)
       
19 (18) Wings of rachis and ultimate segments sharply crisped.   5 H. corrugatum
+ Wings of rachis and ultimate segments slightly crisped.   8 H. longissimum
       
20 (18) Stipe narrowly winged and decurrent nearly to base.   15 H. stenocladum
+ Stipe wingless or narrowly winged at apex, sometimes decurrent   (21)
       
21 (20) Involucres subtruncate and serrate at apex; ultimate segments remotely spaced.   11 H. productum
+ Involucres obtuse and entire to slightly wavy at apex; ultimate segments normally to closely spaced.   10 H. polyanthos

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