1	Capitula in corymb or compound corymbs, very rarely solitary		(2)
+	Capitula in panicle-racemes, racemes, or solitary, if in corymb then plant blue-gray; pappus absent		(52)
2 (1)	Leaves pinnately veined; leaflike bracts linear; pappus as long as tubular corolla		(3)
+	Leaves palmately veined, with 3-9 main veins; leaflike bracts ovate to linear; pappus as long as tubular corolla or tube of corolla		(22)
3 (2)	Stem base without dense hairs; stem leaves with conspicuous, broad sheaths		(4)
+	Stem base with a densely, brown or reddish brown, floccose-lanate circle; stem leaves without broad sheaths		(12)
4 (3)	Ray florets absent; involucre turbinate; pappus yellowish		(5)
+	Ray florets present; involucre campanulate; pappus white or reddish brown		(8)
5 (4)	Capitula numerous, in compound corymbs; involucre ca. 5 mm in diam., phyllaries 5; florets 5, wholly exceeding involucre; stem robust, 1-1.5 cm in diam. at base.		43 L. myriocephala
+	Capitula 2-10, in corymb; involucre 10-15 mm in diam., phyllaries 10-13; florets numerous, not exceeding involucre; stem slender, 3-5 mm in diam. at base		(6)
6 (5)	Leaves oblong or obovate-oblong, base cuneate, margin irregularly coarsely dentate; involucre outside glabrous; outer florets narrowly tubular, female.		44 L. discoidea
+	Leaves ovate-cordate, margin denticulate; involucre outside hairy; outer florets tubular, bisexual		(7)
7 (6)	Plants densely blackish purple pilose; phyllaries lanceolate, margin narrowly brown membranous, apex acute.		45 L. atroviolacea
+	Plants densely yellow pilose; phyllaries oblong, margin broadly brown membranous, apex obtuse.		46 L. microcardia
8 (4)	Leaves glabrous or hairy on both surfaces; stem slender, 4-7 mm in diam. at base		(9)
+	Leaves white arachnoid-puberulent on both surfaces; stem robust, 1-2.5 cm in diam. at base		(10)
9 (8)	Leaves ovate-lanceolate, margin coarsely dentate, apex acuminate; pappus pale red.		50 L. euryphylla
+	Leaves ovate-cordate or ovate-oblong, margin denticulate, apex obtuse; pappus brown.		51 L. tongolensis
10 (8)	Capitula 6-23(-40); involucre hemispheric or broadly campanulate, to 20 mm in diam.; pappus reddish brown or yellowish; leaf base truncate or somewhat cuneate.		47 L. lapathifolia
+	Capitula more than 50; involucre campanulate or turbinate, 6-10 mm in diam.; pappus white; leaf base shallowly cordate or cuneate		(11)
11 (10)	Ray floret longer than tubular florets, lamina apically entire; leaf base shallowly cordate.		48 L. cymbulifera
+	Ray floret as long as tubular florets, lamina apically 2-4-parted; leaf base cuneate.		49 L. zhouquensis
12 (3)	Capitula small, in paniculate compound corymbs; involucre narrowly campanulate, cylindric, or turbinate, 5-11 × 3-10 mm		(13)
+	Capitula solitary or 2-10 in corymb or basipetal raceme		(17)
13 (12)	Leaves ovate-oblong, base subrounded, with prominent reticulate veins on both surfaces.		32 L. rumicifolia
+	Leaves sagittate or triangular-cordate, base deeply cordate, without prominent reticulate veins on both surfaces		(14)
14 (13)	Involucre cylindric or narrowly campanulate, 4-7 mm in diam., longer than wide; ray florets 1-4		(15)
+	Involucre semispherical or cupular, 8-20 mm in diam., wider than long; ray florets 5-15		(16)
15 (14)	Leaves sagittate.		33 L. songarica
+	Leaves triangular-cordate.		34 L. thomsonii
16 (14)	Leaves cordate; capitula 1-15, in corymb; involucre semispherical or cupular, 11-20 mm in diam.		41 L. narynensis
+	Leaves sagittate or ovate-triangular; capitula numerous, in paniculate compound corymbs; involucre cupular, 6-14 mm in diam.		40 L. thyrsoidea
17 (12)	Leaves elliptic, base oblique, both laterally unequal.		42 L. kunlunshanica
+	Leaves orbicular-cordate to oblong-ovate, base cordate		(18)
18 (17)	Plants without hairs; capitula 3-10		(19)
+	Plants often hairy; capitula solitary, rarely in basipetal raceme		(20)
19 (18)	Achenes glabrous.		38 L. xinjiangensis
+	Achenes sparsely hairy between ribs.		39 L. tianschanica
20 (18)	Stem white hairy; involucre broadly campanulate.		35 L. schischkinii
+	Stem glabrous; involucre semispherical		(21)
21 (20)	Throat of ray floret outside with 6 flat hairs; petioles of stem leaves basally enlarged into lamellate auricle.		36 L. hamiica
+	Throat of ray floret outside without hairs; petioles of stem leaves basally not enlarged.		37 L. tulupanica
22 (2)	Capitula including ray florets 3-12 cm in diam.; involucre hemispheric or broadly campanulate, (7-)10-30 mm in diam.; ray florets numerous		(23)
+	Capitula small, including ray florets less than 2 cm in diam.; involucre narrowly campanulate or cylindric, 2-7 mm in diam., if involucre broader then capitula without ray florets		(32)
23 (22)	Basal leaves ovate, base cordate or rounded, margin regularly sharply dentate; supplementary bracts numerous; pappus yellow, as long as tubular corolla.		1 L. pyrifolia
+	Basal leaves reniform or ovate-reniform, base cordate or rounded, margin dentate or palmatisect; supplementary bracts 2-4 or absent; pappus white or brown		(24)
24 (23)	Phyllaries closely imbricate, not spreading, inner ones convex, 2-carinate on outside; pappus reddish brown		(25)
+	Phyllaries laxly imbricate, spreading, inner ones not convex, not carinate on outside; pappus yellowish white or purplish brown		(28)
25 (24)	Involucre hemispheric, broader than long, 15-25 × 18-30 mm; ray lamina 4-6.5 cm		(26)
+	Involucre broadly campanulate, 10-14 × 7-18 mm; ray lamina 1.5-3 cm		(27)
26 (25)	Leaf margin dentate; pappus as long as tubular corolla.		2 L. dentata
+	Leaves palmatisect; pappus as long as tube of tubular corolla.		3 L. japonica
27 (25)	Capitula 1 to many; involucre longer than broad; phyllaries outside glabrous or white pilose, apex broadly triangular, obtuse; pappus as long as tubular corolla.		4 L. hodgsonii
+	Capitula 2-4; involucre as long as broad or broader than long; phyllaries outside shortly brown pilose, apex acute; pappus slightly longer than tube of tubular corolla.		5 L. calthifolia
28 (24)	Pappus purplish brown, as long as or shorter than tube of tubular corolla.		6 L. phaenicochaeta
+	Pappus yellowish white, as long as tubular corolla		(29)
29 (28)	Involucre 10-12 mm in diam., outside glabrous; stem distally white pilose.		7 L. kangtingensis
+	Involucre 10-20 mm in diam., outside hairy; stem distally yellow or black pilose		(30)
30 (29)	Stem distally and involucre outside black pilose.		10 L. retusa
+	Stem distally shortly yellow pilose; involucre outside white pilose or glabrous		(31)
31 (30)	Ray lamina oblong, 10-15 × 2-4 mm.		8 L. cremanthodioides
+	Ray lamina cuneate or obovate, 7-8 × 3-6 mm.		9 L. cuneata
32 (22)	Capitula with ray florets; lamina slightly extending from involucre, rarely longer and split		(33)
+	Capitula without ray florets		(38)
33 (32)	Ray lamina 10-15 mm, 2-5-parted to -divided, rarely entire		(34)
+	Ray lamina 4-7 mm, entire, apex 2- or 3-denticulate or ray floret similar to tubular floret		(35)
34 (33)	Capitula with 10-15 florets; involucre 4-6 mm in diam., phyllaries 7-10; ray florets 3-5; lamina 3-5-divided.		11 L. stenoglossa
+	Capitula with 5-7 florets; involucre 2-3 mm in diam., phyllaries 5; ray florets 1 or 2; lamina 2- or 3-parted or entire.		12 L. oligonema
35 (33)	Capitula with 2-5 florets; involucre 2-3 mm in diam., outside glabrous; ray floret usually 1 or absent, similar to tubular floret, but split only on one side and as long as tubular floret.		13 L. franchetiana
+	Capitula with 5-10 florets; involucre 4-7 mm in diam., outside glabrous or pilose; ray florets 1-6		(36)
36 (35)	Phyllaries linear-lanceolate, apex acuminate, curved; ray floret 1, as long as tubular florets, lamina small and narrow; limbs of tubular florets wholly extending from involucre; pappus brown, as long as tube of tubular corolla.		14 L. curvisquama
+	Phyllaries all or only inner ones oblong, apex obtuse or acute, erect; ray florets 1-6, lamina wider; tubular florets slightly longer than involucre; pappus brown or white, as long as or longer than tube of tubular corolla		(37)
37 (36)	Involucre narrowly cylindric, 3-4 mm in diam., outside shortly pilose; ray floret 1, lamina obovate-oblong or oblong, ca. 3 mm wide.		15 L. rockiana
+	Involucre narrowly campanulate, ca. 6 mm in diam., outside glabrous; ray florets 3-6, lamina narrowly oblong, 1.5-2 mm wide.		16 L. transversifolia
38 (32)	Involucre narrowly or broadly campanulate, or turbinate, 5-20 mm in diam		(39)
+	Involucre narrowly cylindric, 1.5-7 mm in diam		(44)
39 (38)	Leaves palmatisect, lobes narrow.		17 L. paradoxa
+	Leaves undivided, margin dentate		(40)
40 (39)	Capitula numerous in compound corymbs; involucre turbinate, outside yellowish brown shortly pilose, inner phyllaries marginally broadly brown membranous; pappus brown or white, as long as tube of tubular corolla; stem robust, taller, 1-2 cm in diam. at base.		18 L. purdomii
+	Capitula fewer, in corymb; involucre outside glabrous, inner phyllaries marginally narrowly membranous; pappus white, as long as tubular corolla; stem slender, dwarf, ca. 7 mm in diam. at base		(41)
41 (40)	Capitula fewer than 14; involucre 5-10 mm in diam., phyllaries 5-10		(42)
+	Capitula 1-6; involucre broadly campanulate, 15-20 mm in diam., phyllaries 13-15		(43)
42 (41)	Leaves glabrous, abaxially pale green, adaxially green, margin coarsely sharply dentate; involucre narrowly campanulate, phyllaries 5-8; florets 6-20.		19 L. yunnanensis
+	Leaves often purplish red, abaxially with short hairs on white reticulate veins, margin undulately dentate; involucre turbinate, phyllaries 9 or 10; florets 20-30.		20 L. potaninii
43 (41)	Leaves thick, margin undulate-dentate; phyllaries purplish red, petaloid, apex acute.		21 L. cymosa
+	Leaves thin, margin regularly sharply dentate; phyllaries dark brown, apex obtuse, mucronate, or acute.		22 L. microcephala
44 (38)	Peduncles shortly purplish brown pilose; pappus brown, as long as tubular corolla		(45)
+	Peduncles shortly yellow pilose or glabrous; pappus white		(47)
45 (44)	Florets 5 or 6(-8), yellow; phyllaries 5; leaves ovate-cordate or subreniform, 5-6(-11) cm wide.		24 L. tenuicaulis
+	Florets 3 or 5, purple or yellow; phyllaries 3-5; leaves reniform, 6-17 cm wide		(46)
46 (45)	Florets 4 or 5, purple; phyllaries 4 or 5, outside purple shortly pilose.		23 L. dux
+	Florets 3, ?yellow; phyllaries 3, glabrous.		25 L. tongkyukensis
47 (44)	Phyllaries 5-10, narrowly lanceolate, apex acuminate		(48)
+	Phyllaries 5-7, oblong, apex acute or obtuse		(50)
48 (47)	Leaf margin regularly triangular-denticulate; florets more than 20; pappus as long as tubular corolla.		26 L. xanthotricha
+	Leaf margin irregularly coarsely dentate, teeth to 2 cm wide; florets 6-16; pappus as long as or shorter than tubular corolla		(49)
49 (48)	Phyllaries outside densely shortly yellow pilose; pappus as long as tube of tubular corolla.		27 L. achyrotricha
+	Phyllaries outside glabrous, purple ciliate; pappus slightly shorter than tubular corolla.		28 L. macrodonta
50 (47)	Involucre outside densely yellow shortly pilose.		31 L. konkalingensis
+	Involucre outside glabrous		(51)
51 (50)	Limb of tubular corolla extending from involucre; pappus as long as or shorter than tube of tubular corolla.		29 L. duciformis
+	Limb of tubular corolla slightly extending from involucre; pappus longer than tube of tubular corolla.		30 L. nelumbifolia
52 (1)	Basal leaves erect, blue-green or grayish green, often glabrous, usually mealy, leaves pinnately veined		(53)
+	Basal leaves spreading or ascending, hairy or at least ciliate on margins, abaxially pale green, adaxially green, leaves pinnately or palmately veined		(70)
53 (52)	Phyllaries united		(54)
+	Phyllaries separate		(55)
54 (53)	Capitula numerous in raceme; pappus reddish brown, as long as tube of tubular corolla.		52 L. schmidtii
+	Capitula 1-9, solitary or in corymb; pappus absent.		53 L. biceps
55 (53)	Pappus reddish brown, as long as or shorter than tube of tubular corolla.		54 L. mongolica
+	Pappus white, rarely rufous, as long as tubular corolla		(56)
56 (55)	Racemes paniculate, with dense and numerous branches in lower part of synflorescence, branches longer, each bearing a raceme		(57)
+	Raceme with fewer capitula, rarely branched		(58)
57 (56)	Capitula small; involucre narrowly cylindric or turbinate, 3.5-5 × 2-3 mm, phyllaries 4 or 5; ray florets 1-3; tubular florets 2-7.		55 L. macrophylla
+	Capitula larger; involucre cylindric or campanulate, 6-8 × 5-8 mm, phyllaries 6-8, apex acute or acuminate; ray florets (4 or)5-7; tubular florets 10-14(-16).		56 L. heterophylla
58 (56)	Leaves with conspicuous, white reticulate veins when dry; stem leaves broadly ovate to oblong, ca. 2 × as long as internodes, ascending, base broadened, auriculate or semiamplexicaul		(59)
+	Leaves with obscure reticulate veins; stem leaves oblong to lanceolate, shorter than internodes, erect, base narrowed, semiamplexicaul or not		(62)
59 (58)	Capitula without ray florets; leaflike bracts ovate-oblong to lanceolate, membranous, reddish yellow when dry, with conspicuous reticulate veins; involucre broadly campanulate, ca. 10 mm in diam.		57 L. lingiana
+	Capitula with ray florets; leaflike bracts linear; involucre campanulate or turbinate, 4-6 mm in diam		(60)
60 (59)	Leaves herbaceous; petiole of basal leaves broadly winged; phyllaries blackish gray, apex acute or acuminate.		58 L. melanocephala
+	Leaves leathery; petiole of basal leaves without wings; phyllaries dark green, apex triangular		(61)
61 (60)	Stem solid; leaf base cordate; phyllaries outside and margin glabrous or brown ciliate.		59 L. dictyoneura
+	Stem hollow; leaf base cuneate; phyllaries outside shortly pilose, margin densely white ciliate.		60 L. brassicoides
62 (58)	Leaves usually linear-oblong or elliptic; capitula inclined to one side of raceme rachis.		65 L. pleurocaulis
+	Leaves ovate or elliptic		(63)
63 (62)	Capitula without ray florets.		64 L. chalybea
+	Capitula with ray florets		(64)
64 (63)	Pappus rufous.		63 L. longifolia
+	Pappus white		(65)
65 (64)	Stem white hairy		(66)
+	Stem glabrous		(67)
66 (65)	Phyllaries outside white puberulent or glabrous, margin densely white ciliate.		68 L. liatroides
+	Phyllaries outside glabrous, margin glabrous or sparsely white ciliate.		69 L. eriocaulis
67 (65)	Phyllaries blackish gray.		67 L. virgaurea
+	Phyllaries green		(68)
68 (67)	Leaf margin entire; phyllaries outside glabrous.		61 L. altaica
+	Leaf margin dentate; phyllaries outside glabrous or shortly pilose		(69)
69 (68)	Phyllaries outside shortly pilose.		62 L. alpigena
+	Phyllaries outside glabrous.		66 L. tangutorum
70 (52)	Stem scapelike, leafless, base with a circle densely long white lanate; leaves pinnately veined		(71)
+	Stem with normal leaves, base not densely lanate; leaves pinnately or palmately veined		(72)
71 (70)	Scape stout, base ca. 1 cm in diam.; involucre narrowly campanulate, 6-8 × ca. 5 mm, outside white puberulent; ray lamina ca. 8 mm.		70 L. melanothyrsa
+	Scape slender, 4-5 mm in diam.; involucre campanulate, 10-12 × 8-10 mm, outside sparsely puberulent; ray lamina 10-18 mm.		71 L. vellerea
72 (70)	Leaves pinnately veined; stem leaves without broad sheaths; pappus as long as tubular corolla, rarely shorter than tubular corolla		(73)
+	Leaves palmately veined, with 3-9 principal veins; stem leaves broadly sheathing; pappus as long as or shorter than tubular corolla		(90)
73 (72)	Capitulum solitary; leaves hastate.		72 L. jamesii
+	Capitula numerous in paniculate racemes or raceme; leaves of other forms		(74)
74 (73)	Synflorescence paniculate-racemose or racemose		(75)
+	Synflorescence racemose, lower sometimes branched		(76)
75 (74)	Leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, base truncate; synflorescence to 80 cm; ray lamina 5-9 × to 2 mm; limb as long as tube of tubular corolla.		73 L. fangiana
+	Leaves triangular or ovate-triangular, base subtruncate or cordate; synflorescence to 50 cm; ray lamina 13-18 × ca. 6.5 mm; limb 3-4 × as long as tube of tubular corolla.		74 L. jaluensis
76 (74)	Leaves broadly ovate-cordate, abaxially shortly pilose; peduncles usually 2-4, crowded; ray lamina linear, 9-15 × 1-1.5 mm.		75 L. tenuipes
+	Leaves ovate, ovate-cordate, triangular, or sagittate; peduncle solitary; ray lamina usually wider, if lamina linear then more than 3 cm		(77)
77 (76)	Stem and abaxial surface of leaves densely puberulent; stem leaves numerous, apex caudate-acuminate		(78)
+	Stem and leaves without dense hairs; stem leaves apex obtuse or acute		(80)
78 (77)	Leaves ovate-cordate, abaxially shortly brown pilose; involucre campanulate, phyllaries 5, outside shortly pilose; outer florets female, 1 or 2, without corolla; tubular florets 5; pappus shorter than tubular corolla.		76 L. petiolaris
+	Leaves ovate or triangular, abaxially gray-white puberulent; involucre shallowly campanulate, phyllaries 8 or 9, outside grayish white puberulent; tubular florets numerous; pappus as long as tubular corolla		(79)
79 (78)	Capitula with ray florets; lamina yellow, to 13 mm.		77 L. lankongensis
+	Capitula without ray florets; outer florets 1-3(or 4), narrowly tubular, labiate, not colored, shorter than tubular florets.		78 L. nyingchiensis
80 (77)	Basal leaves sagittate or ovate-cordate; stem leaves all or at least lower ones with long winged petiole		(81)
+	Basal leaves ovate, base shallowly cordate, truncate, or cuneate; stem leaves sessile, erect or ascending		(85)
81 (80)	Pappus rufous, as long as or slightly longer than tube of tubular corolla; petiole broadly winged		(82)
+	Pappus white, as long as tubular corolla; petiole narrowly winged		(83)
82 (81)	Plants usually shortly yellowish pilose; wings of petiole dentate; involucre broadly campanulate, phyllaries 8, outside shortly pilose; pappus ca. 4 mm.		79 L. pterodonta
+	Plants glabrous; wings of petiole entire or dentate; involucre narrowly campanulate or cylindric, phyllaries 5-8, outside glabrous or white ciliate; pappus 6-7 mm.		80 L. latipes
83 (81)	Leaves ovate-cordate; involucre broadly campanulate, ca. 10 mm in diam.; ray lamina linear, to 30 mm.		81 L. alatipes
+	Leaves sagittate or ovate-cordate; involucre campanulate, 4-8 mm in diam.; ray lamina oblong, 2-12 mm		(84)
84 (83)	Leaflike bracts ovate, membranous; ray lamina 2-3 mm.		82 L. botryodes
+	Leaflike bracts narrowly lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate to linear, herbaceous; ray lamina 5-12 mm.		83 L. sagitta
85 (80)	Basal leaves broadly sheathed; mouth of sheath recurved; stem leaves numerous and narrow, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, erect, adnate, base narrowed, not amplexicaul		(86)
+	Basal leaves narrowly sheathed; stem leaves fewer and wider, oblong or ovate, base rounded or subtruncate, semiamplexicaul		(88)
86 (85)	Leaves ovate-cordate; involucre broadly turbinate, to 15 mm in diam.; pappus reddish brown or initially yellowish white; leaflike bracts linear or filiform.		84 L. platyglossa
+	Leaves ovate-oblong, triangular, or cordate; involucre 5-10 mm in diam.; pappus yellowish; leaflike bracts linear-lanceolate to rhombic		(87)
87 (86)	Involucre campanulate, longer than wide; phyllaries oblong, apex acute or obtuse, erect.		85 L. kanaitzensis
+	Involucre cupular, broader than long; phyllaries broadly obovate or elliptic, apex broadly triangular and recurved mucronate.		86 L. lidjiangensis
88 (85)	Plants taller, more robust; stem to 2.8 cm in diam. at base; leaves ovate-oblong or broadly ovate, with stout midvein; capitula larger; involucre hemispheric or campanulate, to 2.5 cm in diam.		87 L. ghatsukupa
+	Plants of medium height; stem 3-8 mm in diam. at base; capitula smaller; involucre campanulate, 4-7 mm in diam		(89)
89 (88)	Raceme longer; capitula numerous; phyllaries green, outside glabrous, apex dark brown.		88 L. tsangchanensis
+	Raceme shorter; capitula 4-13; involucre blackish purple or green, outside shortly pilose.		89 L. muliensis
90 (72)	Pappus as long as tubular corolla		(91)
+	Pappus shorter than tube of tubular corolla		(101)
91 (90)	Leaflike bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, margin denticulate		(92)
+	Leaflike bracts linear, margin entire		(93)
92 (91)	Leaflike bracts herbaceous, green; raceme not spreading; peduncles short; involucre campanulate, base rounded; leaves glabrous.		90 L. sibirica
+	Leaflike bracts membranous, purplish red; raceme spreading; peduncles long; involucre cupular, base truncate; leaves abaxially shortly pilose.		91 L. cyathiceps
93 (91)	Capitula in paniculate racemes, without ray florets; limb ca. 2 × as long as tube of tubular corolla		(94)
+	Capitula in raceme or solitary, with or without ray florets; limb as long as tube of tubular corolla		(95)
94 (93)	Leaves ca. 5 cm wide, glabrous; involucre campanulate or cupular, outside glabrous, nitid; pappus brown.		92 L. leveillei
+	Leaves more than 5-11 cm wide, adaxially densely shortly yellow pilose; involucre narrowly campanulate, outside densely shortly yellow pilose; pappus yellow.		93 L. nanchuanica
95 (93)	Involucre campanulate to broadly campanulate; pappus reddish brown		(96)
+	Involucre campanulate or turbinate; pappus white or pale yellow		(97)
96 (95)	Leaves reniform or cordate, base cordate, margin coarsely triangular-dentate; ray lamina linear, 1.5-2 mm wide.		94 L. hookeri
+	Leaves triangular, base truncate, margin denticulate; ray lamina oblong, to 5 mm wide.		95 L. parvifolia
97 (95)	Stem slender, 2-4 mm in diam. at base; leaves triangular-sagittate or ovate-cordate, 2.2-15 cm wide		(98)
+	Stem robust, 6-10 mm in diam. at base; leaves reniform or cordate, to 24 cm wide		(99)
98 (97)	Capitula with ray florets; involucre campanulate-turbinate.		96 L. lamarum
+	Capitula without ray florets; involucre campanulate.		97 L. subspicata
99 (97)	Leaves abaxially glabrous, adaxially densely shortly pilose; involucre campanulate to broadly turbinate; ray lamina short and wide, 3-4 mm wide.		98 L. wilsoniana
+	Leaves abaxially pilose, adaxially glabrous; involucre campanulate; ray lamina longer and narrower, 1-2 mm wide		(100)
100 (99)	Leaves abaxially pale green, shortly pilose only on veins, adaxially dark green; pappus white.		99 L. atkinsonii
+	Leaves abaxially densely shortly white pilose; pappus yellowish brown.		100 L. pubifolia
101 (90)	Leaflike bracts broadly ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or spatulate, margin usually denticulate, if bracts linear-lanceolate then involucre broadly campanulate, ca. 10 mm in diam		(102)
+	Leaflike bracts linear or linear-lanceolate, margin entire		(112)
102 (101)	Leaves variable, base sagittate or hastate; basal lobes divergent; sheaths of stem leaves marginally denticulate or laciniate		(103)
+	Leaves reniform or triangular-reniform, base cordate; basal lobes suborbicular, not divergent; sheaths of stem leaves marginally entire		(107)
103 (102)	Stem robust, 4-12 mm in diam. at base; stem leaves dense and numerous, gradually smaller upward; raceme 22-65 cm; capitula numerous; involucre narrowly campanulate		(104)
+	Stem slender, 3.5-6 mm in diam. at base; stem leaves few, 2 or 3, remote; raceme to 30 cm; capitula 5-25		(105)
104 (103)	Leaves ovate-cordate, glabrous; ray florets 4-6.		101 L. phyllocolea
+	Leaves triangular-hastate or hastate, brown pilose on both surfaces; ray florets 2 or 3.		102 L. changiana
105 (103)	Involucre broadly campanulate, 8-12 mm in diam.; leaves broadly hastate, 2-3 × wider than long; ray lamina to 4 cm.		103 L. latihastata
+	Involucre campanulate or narrowly campanulate, 5-7 mm in diam.; leaves cordate or horseshoe-shaped; ray lamina to 2 cm		(106)
106 (106)	Stem and leaves glabrous; leaves triangular- to ovate-cordate; ray lamina oblanceolate.		104 L. caloxantha
+	Stem and leaves yellowish red pilose; leaves horseshoe-shaped; ray lamina linear-oblong.		105 L. odontomanes
107 (102)	Capitula without ray florets		(108)
+	Capitula with ray florets		(109)
108 (107)	Involucre glabrous.		107 L. chekiangensis
+	Involucre shortly pilose.		111 L. ianthochaeta
109 (107)	Leaflike bracts submembranous.		110 L. veitchiana
+	Leaflike bracts herbaceous		(110)
110 (109)	Petiole of basal leaves distally narrowly dentate; leaflike bracts spatulate, with short petiole.		108 L. anoleuca
+	Petiole of basal leaves not winged or distally narrowly winged; wing margins entire; leaflike bracts ovate to lanceolate		(111)
111 (110)	Leaflike bracts ovate in basal half of synflorescence, distally lanceolate.		106 L. fischeri
+	Only a few leaflike bracts in base of synflorescence ovate, others lanceolate to linear.		109 L. sachalinensis
112 (101)	Involucre campanulate or broadly campanulate, 8-12 × 4-9 mm, phyllaries 6-10, florets numerous		(113)
+	Involucre cylindric, 6-12 × 2-4 mm, phyllaries 4-6, florets 5-15, if phyllaries to 8 then involucre broader, 17-19 × ca. 8 mm		(117)
113 (112)	Leaves reniform, glabrous, basal lobes not divergent; pappus purplish brown		(114)
+	Leaves hastate, shortly pilose, basal lobes divergent; pappus pale yellow or yellowish brown		(115)
114 (113)	Ray florets present; involucre glabrous.		112 L. intermedia
+	Ray florets absent; involucre shortly pilose.		113 L. hopeiensis
115 (113)	Leaves abaxially and sheath shortly pilose; ray lamina oblong, to 6 mm wide.		114 L. chimiliensis
+	Leaves shortly pilose on both surfaces; ray lamina linear, 1.5-2 mm wide		(116)
116 (115)	Involucre outside glabrous; pappus pale yellow.		115 L. longihastata
+	Involucre outside shortly white pilose; pappus yellowish brown.		116 L. ruficoma
117 (112)	Leaves divided		(118)
+	Leaves undivided, margin dentate only		(119)
118 (117)	Leaves palmatisect; synflorescence 30-60 cm; capitula 40-100; involucre 2-3 mm in diam.; phyllaries 4-6; ray florets 2 or 3.		117 L. przewalskii
+	Leaves pinnately dissected; synflorescence 10-25 cm; capitula 7-15; involucre 8-10 mm in diam.; phyllaries 8 or 9; ray florets 4 or 5.		118 L. qiaojiaensis
119 (117)	Ray florets absent; leaves shortly pilose on both surfaces.		119 L. confertiflora
+	Ray florets persistent; leaves glabrous or abaxially sometimes only shortly hairy on veins		(120)
120 (119)	Leaves cordate-hastate, coarsely 1- or 2-dentate on each outer margin of basal lobes; ray lamina linear-oblong or oblanceolate, 2-4 mm wide		(121)
+	Leaves reniform or ovate- or cordate-hastate, margin denticulate; ray lamina linear, 1-1.5 mm wide		(122)
121 (120)	Stem 3-6 mm in diam. at base; capitula with 6-15 florets; involucre 2.5-4 mm in diam., rarely broader.		120 L. stenocephala
+	Stem slender, 2-3 mm in diam. at base; capitula with 4-6 florets; involucre to 2 mm in diam.		121 L. dolichobotrys
122 (120)	Leaves reniform, to 3.5 cm wide, basal lobes not divergent; capitula with 8 or 9 florets.		122 L. kojimae
+	Leaves ovate- or cordate-hastate, to 6 cm wide, basal lobes divergent; capitula with 5 florets.		123 L. fargesii