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83. Oreorchis Lindley, J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 26. 1858.
山兰属 shan lan shu
Authors: Xinqi Chen, Phillip J. Cribb & Stephan W. Gale
Herbs, terrestrial. Pseudobulb cormlike, subterranean, ovoid-oblong, several noded, with fibrous roots at base, occasionally persisting and remaining connected to pseudobulbs produced in subsequent years by means of a slender rhizome. Leaves 1 or 2, arising from apex of pseudobulb, linear to oblong-lanceolate, plicate, tapering into a long petiole-like stalk at base, often with 1 or 2 membranous sheaths at base. Inflorescence arising from an intermediate node of pseudobulb, erect, terminal, with several tubular sheaths, racemose; rachis several to many flowered; floral bracts persistent, membranous. Flowers small to medium-sized, resupinate. Sepals and petals free, similar, spreading; lateral sepals sometimes shallowly saccate at base. Lip 3-lobed or entire, clawed at base, without a spur; disk usually with a pair of longitudinal lamellae or a callus, rarely without either. Column long, slightly arcuate, base sometimes dilated, but without a conspicuous foot; anther terminal, incumbent; pollinia 4, subglobose, waxy, borne on a common stipe and attached to a globose viscidium.
About 16 species: Bhutan, E and SW China, NE India, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, E Russia (Far East, Siberia); 11 species (seven endemic) in China.
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| 1 |
Leaves 2-4 cm, 2-4 × as long as wide, abruptly contracted at base into a distinct petiole-like stalk |
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(2) |
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Leaves 7-40 cm, 5-20 × as long as wide, tapering at base into a sometimes indistinct petiole-like stalk |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Inflorescence subdensely (2-)5-14-flowered; sepals 6-7 mm; lip 5-7 mm, yellow, with purple spots. |
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10 O. nana |
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Inflorescence laxly 1-3(or 4)-flowered; sepals 12-15 mm; lip 8-10 mm, white to pale purple, with purple spots. |
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11 O. oligantha |
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| 3 (1) |
Dorsal sepal 15-16 mm; column ca. 8 mm. |
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9 O. nepalensis |
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Dorsal sepal 5.5-11 mm; column 2.5-6 mm |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Lip lacking a callus, 3-lobed above middle or sometimes entire. |
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8 O. foliosa |
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Lip with a callus or a pair of lamellae, 3-lobed at or below middle, never entire |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Plants 2-leaved |
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(6) |
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Plants 1-leaved |
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(8) |
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| 6 (5) |
Flowers yellowish brown to pale yellow, lip white with purple spots; disk of lip with a pair of lamellae. |
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3 O. patens |
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Flowers white, lip white with red or pale brown spots on mid-lobe; disk of lip with a longitudinally channeled callus |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Dorsal sepal 5.5-6 mm. |
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1 O. micrantha |
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Dorsal sepal 9-11 mm. |
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2 O. fargesii |
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| 8 (5) |
Lip 3-lobed near middle; disk of lip with a longitudinally channeled, fleshy callus. |
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4 O. bilamellata |
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Lip 3-lobed below middle; disk of lip with a pair of lamellae |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Lip 6.5-8.5 mm; lateral lobes of lip ca. 3 mm. |
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3 O. patens |
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Lip 4.5-5 mm; lateral lobes of lip to 1.4 mm |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Lamellae on lip very short, less than 1 mm, positioned between bases of lateral lobes. |
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5 O. erythrochrysea |
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Lamellae on lip ca. 2 mm, positioned at base of lip and extending onto mid-lobe |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Plants 8-16 cm tall; petiole-like leaf base 1-3 cm. |
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6 O. parvula |
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Plants 20-35 cm tall; petiole-like leaf base ca. 6 cm. |
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7 O. angustata |
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List of lower taxa
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