囊唇山兰 nang chun shan lan

Corallorhiza indica Lindley, J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 26. 1858; Oreorchis indica (Lindley) J. D. Hooker; Tainia gokanzanensis Masamune.

Plants 18-36 cm tall. Pseudobulbs ovoid or subellipsoid, 0.7-1.2 × 0.5-1 cm, 2- or 3-noded, persisting and forming a chain of pseudobulbs connected by a short rhizome. Leaf solitary, narrowly elliptic or narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, plicate, 10-15 × 1.5-2.4 cm, tapering at base into a petiole-like stalk 2-3 cm, apex acute. Inflorescence 18-36 cm, with 2 or 3 tubular sheaths below middle; rachis 3-9.5 cm, laxly 4-10-flowered; floral bracts oblong-lanceolate, 2-3 mm. Flowers dark yellow with many purplish brown striations and spots, lip white with purplish red spots; pedicel and ovary 5-7 mm. Sepals narrowly oblong-obovate, 8-9 × 1-1.8 mm, apex acute; lateral sepals falcate. Petals narrowly ovate or narrowly ovate-lanceolate, falcate, 6-7 × ca. 2 mm, apex acute; lip obovate-oblong or broadly oblong, 6-8 × 4-5 mm, base clawed and conspicuously saccate, 3-lobed above middle or sometimes entire; lateral lobes variable, oblong to ovate, ca. 1.5 mm, apex obtuse, or absent altogether; mid-lobe subquadrate to suborbicular, ca. 4 × 4 mm, margin undulate, apex rounded and irregularly incised; disk without lamellae or calli. Column slightly arcuate, 5-6 mm, slender, base thickened. Capsule ovoid, ca. 15 × 6 mm. Fl. Sep. 2n = 42, 84.

Forests, alpine meadows; 2500-3400 m. SW Sichuan, Taiwan, S Xizang, NW Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, Japan, Nepal].

The typical variety occurs in India and Nepal.