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27. Peristrophe Nees in Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 77, 112. 1832.
观音草属 guan yin cao shu
Authors: Jia-qi Hu & Thomas F. Daniel
Herbs or shrubs, with cystoliths. Leaf blade margin entire or slightly toothed. Inflorescences in axillary or terminal cymes, these sometimes aggregated into a leafy panicle-like complex; cymes consisting of (1 or)2-4(or more) involucres; involucres of usually 1-3 flowers enclosed by 2(or more) pairs of bracteoles that conceal calyx and corolla tube. Outer pair of bracteoles equal to unequal in size and larger than inner pair(s). Calyx small, 5-lobed; lobes equal. Corolla white to pink or purple, usually large, resupinate 180°; tube slender, twisted, apically ± widened into throat; limb 2-lipped; upper lip (in lower position) entire to 2-cleft; lower lip (in upper position) 3-lobed; lobes ascending cochlear in bud. Stamens 2, inserted at corolla throat, exserted from corolla tube; anthers 2-thecous; thecae unequally inserted or superposed (contiguous or separated by gap), base muticous; staminodes absent. Ovary with 2 ovules per locule; stigma slightly enlarged or 2-cleft. Capsule with a solid stalk, 4-seeded; retinacula present; placenta not rising elastically from base of valves. Seeds discoid, smooth to tuberculate, lacking trichomes.
About 40 species: tropical and subtropical Africa, Asia, and Madagascar, with one species possibly extending to Australia (see R. M. Barker, J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 9: 192. 1986); ten species (three endemic) in China.
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| 1 |
Outer involucral bracteoles abaxially pubescent with gland-tipped trichomes |
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(2) |
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Outer involucral bracteoles abaxially glabrous or pubescent with non-glandular trichomes |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Corolla ca. 4.5 cm, pubescent with gland-tipped and non-glandular trichomes. |
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1 P. lanceolaria |
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Corolla ca. 1 cm, outside pubescent with non-glandular trichomes. |
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2 P. paniculata |
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| 3 (1) |
Anther thecae superposed (i.e., one entirely above other and with a gap between them) |
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(4) |
| + |
Anther thecae inserted at same level or at different levels but overlapping |
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(5) |
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| 4 (3) |
Corolla ca. 1 cm; outer involucral bracteoles subulate to lanceolate to linear, less than 3 mm wide; capsule pubescent with non-glandular trichomes. |
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2 P. paniculata |
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Corolla 3-3.4 cm; outer involucral bracteoles ovate to elliptic, more than 5 mm wide; capsule pubescent with gland-tipped and non-glandular trichomes. |
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10 P. japonica |
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| 5 (3) |
Anther thecae inserted at same level. |
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3 P. yunnanensis |
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Anther thecae inserted at different levels |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Outer involucral bracteoles less than 2 × as long as calyx |
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(7) |
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Outer involucral bracteoles more than 2 × as long as calyx |
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(8) |
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| 7 (6) |
Leaf blade subglabrous. |
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4 P. tianmuensis |
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Leaf blade densely pubescent. |
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5 P. strigosa |
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| 8 (6) |
Corolla and capsule glabrous. |
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6 P. montana |
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Corolla and capsule pubescent |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Leaf blade adaxially puberulent (especially along midvein) or becoming subglabrescent; corolla 3-5.7 cm. |
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7 P. bivalvis |
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Leaf blade adaxially sparsely pubescent; corolla 2-4 cm |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Outer involucral bracteoles narrowly ovate to lanceolate, more than 4 × as long as wide. |
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8 P. floribunda |
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Outer involucral bracteoles ovate to oblong to elliptic, less than 3 × as long as wide |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Outer involucral bracteoles ovate to oblong, abaxially slightly villous, base subcordate. |
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9 P. fera |
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Outer involucral bracteoles ovate to elliptic, abaxially subglabrous to puberulent, base cuneate to truncate. |
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10 P. japonica |
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Lower Taxa
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