双萼观音草 shuang e guan yin cao

Dianthera paniculata Forsskål, Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 7. 1775; D. bicalyculata Retzius; Dicliptera paniculata (Forsskål) I. Darbyshire; Justicia bicalyculata (Retzius) Vahl; Peristrophe bicalyculata (Retzius) Nees.

Herbs to 1.2 m tall, erect, perennial. Stems hirsute, usually 4- or 6-angled. Petiole 3-12 mm; leaf blade ovate to lanceolate, (1-)3-4.5 × (0.5-)1.5-2 cm, abaxially scabrid, adaxially slightly scabrid, base attenuate to broadly cuneate, margin remotely serrulate and slightly ciliate, apex acuminate, acute, or sometimes rounded. Inflorescences of axillary pedunculate cymes with (1-)4(or more) involucres (cymes sometimes branching internally) in axils of leaves or bracts and collectively often forming a terminal leafy panicle-like complex; rachis and inflorescence branches pubescent; outer involucral bracteoles unequal, abaxially pubescent with gland-tipped (sometimes absent) and non-glandular trichomes, larger outer involucral bracteole ± linear, ca. 10 × 2 mm, 1-veined, and apex acute and mucronate, shorter outer involucral bracteole subulate to lanceolate, ca. 6 × 0.1 mm; inner involucral bracteoles narrowly linear to subulate, unequal in length. Calyx lobes lanceolate, ca. 3 mm, outside sparsely pubescent with non-glandular trichomes, inside sparsely pubescent with sessile gland-tipped trichomes, margin membranous at base, apex long acuminate. Corolla light to dark purple, ca. 1 cm, outside pubescent with non-glandular trichomes; tube basally cylindric for ca. 5 mm; lip in lower position narrowly elliptic, 5-7 × 1-2 mm, apex emarginate; lip in upper position elliptic, 3-7 × 2-3 mm, 3-lobed. Staminal filaments ca. 5 mm, white hairy; anther thecae ovoid, superposed, not touching. Ovary ovoid, pubescent and glandular; style glabrous; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule 0.9-1.3 cm, pubescent with non-glandular trichomes. Seeds 2.2-2.5 mm, rough and tuberculate. Fl. Aug-Dec, fr. Oct-Feb.

Weedy areas, roadsides; 600-2200 m. Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; tropical Africa, Australia].