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14. Polyalthia Blume, Fl. Javae, Annonaceae. 68. 1830.
暗罗属 an luo shu
Authors: Bingtao Li & Michael G. Gilbert
Trees or shrubs. Inflorescences axillary, internodal, or leaf-opposed, sessile or shortly pedunculate, 1- to many flowered. Flowers usually bisexual. Sepals 3, usually small, valvate or rarely subimbricate in bud, free. Petals 6, in 2 whorls, free, valvate or rarely subimbricate in bud, subequal, flat and spreading; inner petals sometimes slightly larger or smaller than outer, concave and arched over stamens. Stamens usually many; anther locules cuneate; connectives apically orbicular or rhomboidal, concealing anther locules, apex flat-topped or slightly convex. Carpels rather few to many, free; ovules 1 or 2(or 3) per carpel, basal or sutural; styles absent, very short, or long; stigmas mostly dilated. Fruit apocarpous; monocarps few to many, short to long stipitate, mostly globose or ovoid, fleshy. Seeds 1 or 2(or 3) per monocarp, with a longitudinal circumferential groove.
About 120 species: Old World tropics from Africa to the W Pacific, with the center of distribution in SE Asia; 17 species (six endemic, one introduced) in China.
Molecular data (Mols et al., Amer. J. Bot. 91: 590-600. 2004) have shown that Polyalthia as traditionally delineated is polyphyletic and will eventually have to be divided among several genera.
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Key to fruiting material (not seen for P. lancilimba)
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| 1 |
Monocarps 0.5-0.8 cm, spherical |
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(2) |
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Monocarps 1-5 cm, globose, ovoid, or cylindric |
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(4) |
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| 2 (1) |
Monocarp stipes 1.5-2 cm. |
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8 P. cerasoides |
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Monocarp stipes 0.3-1 cm |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Monocarps to 7, stipes 3-4.5 mm. |
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10 P. florulenta |
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Monocarps to 18, stipes 8-10 mm. |
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12 P. suberosa |
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| 4 (1) |
Monocarps globose, densely minutely verrucate. |
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14 P. obliqua |
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Monocarps ovoid or cylindric, smooth or more coarsely verrucose |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Monocarps 1-1.5 cm |
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(6) |
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Monocarps 1.7-5 cm |
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(8) |
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| 6 (5) |
Leaf blade secondary veins 24-28 on each side of midvein, parallel. |
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7 P. pingpienensis |
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Leaf blade secondary veins 7-13 on each side of midvein, arcuately ascending |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Monocarp stipes 0.2-0.5 cm. |
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9 P. littoralis |
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Monocarp stipes 1-7 cm. |
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16 P. rumphii |
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| 8 (5) |
Young stems glabrous |
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(9) |
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Young stems hoary or minutely hairy |
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(12) |
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| 9 (8) |
Pedicel 0.5-0.7 cm; petals ca. 1.3 cm; monocarp stipes 0.5-0.7 cm |
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(10) |
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Pedicel 2-3.5 cm; petals 2.2-9 cm; monocarp stipes 1-7 cm |
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(11) |
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| 10 (9) |
Leaf blade membranous, densely verrucate, secondary veins 15-18 on each side of midvein, apex acuminate. |
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1 P. verrucipes |
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Leaf blade thinly papery, not verrucate, secondary veins 8-10 on each side of midvein, apex caudate. |
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3 P. chinensis |
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| 11 (9) |
Leaf blade secondary veins 10-16 on each side of midvein. |
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2 P. litseifolia |
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Leaf blade secondary veins 8 or 9 on each side of midvein. |
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17 P. liukiuensis |
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| 12 (8) |
Monocarp stipes 1-2 cm. |
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13 P. longifolia |
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Monocarp stipes 2.5-5 cm |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Young branches hoary; monocarps hoary. |
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4 P. fragrans |
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Young branches pubescent or puberulent; monocarps glabrous |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Leaf blade with pellucid dots, membranous to papery. |
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5 P. simiarum |
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Leaf blade without pellucid dots, thinly leathery to leathery |
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(15) |
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| 15 (14) |
Leaf blade 18-28 cm, secondary veins pubescent. |
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6 P. viridis |
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Leaf blade 8-20 cm, secondary veins glabrous. |
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11 P. laui |
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List of Keys
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List of lower taxa
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