| 1 |
Stems erect, sometimes tip tending to twine. |
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(2) |
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Stems climbing or prostrate. |
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(6) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaf blade linear-lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 1.5-10 mm wide; inflorescences sessile or nearly so, 4-7-flowered |
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1 Tylophora nana |
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Leaf blade ovate-oblong or ovate-elliptic, 8-35 mm wide; inflorescences with peduncle 1-6 cm, mostly longer than leaves. |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaf blade 0.8-1.2 cm wide, with 3 basal and ca. 2 lateral veins; petiole 5-7 mm |
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2 Tylophora secamonoides |
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Leaf blade 1.5-4 cm wide, lateral veins ca. 4 pairs; petiole 20-30 mm. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Corolla glabrous; inflorescences strictly lateral |
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5 Tylophora tsiangii |
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Corolla lobes hairy; upper inflorescences often subtended by reduced leaves and aggregated into terminal synflorescence. |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Corolla lobes to 3 mm, sparsely pilose |
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3 Tylophora yunnanensis |
| + |
Corolla lobes 5(-7) mm, densely puberulent |
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4 Tylophora rockii |
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| 6 (1) |
Petiole articulated just above base; stems papillate |
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12 Tylophora cycleoides |
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Petiole not articulated; stems not papillate. |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Peduncle usually shorter than pedicels, rachis always short, unbranched. |
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(8) |
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Peduncle usually longer than pedicels, rachis often many branched. |
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(12) |
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| 8 (7) |
Corona lobes circular to almost square, somewhat spreading, with slender, erect or inflexed tip, as long as gynostegium |
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34 Tylophora glabra |
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Corona lobes ovoid, erect and closely appressed to anthers, distinctly shorter than gynostegium. |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Leaf blade membranous, tip acute or short acuminate, rarely mucronate; stems twining |
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23 Tylophora henryi |
| + |
Leaf blade papery to almost leathery, tip rounded or apiculate; stems at first prostrate, only occasionally twining at tip. |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Leaf blade oblong lanceolate to ovate, abaxially glabrous or puberulent on midrib only; petiole and calyx glabrous |
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20 Tylophora arenicola |
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Leaf blade circular, abaxially distinctly pubescent; petiole and calyx hairy. |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Stems leafy throughout, only occasionally twining; corona lobes erect |
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19 Tylophora rotundifolia |
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Apical part of stems apparently few leaved, twining; corona lobes stellate patent |
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35 Tylophora oligophylla |
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| 12 (7) |
Abaxial leaf surface uniformly covered with papilla-based hooked hairs |
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15 Tylophora uncinata |
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Leaves without hooked hairs. |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Stems hairy all round, at least when young. |
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(14) |
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Stems glabrous or with hairs along 1 or 2 sides, often glabrescent. |
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(18) |
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| 14 (13) |
Leaves lanceolate, > 4 × as long as broad |
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7 Tylophora insulana |
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Leaves ovate, < 3 × as long as broad. |
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(15) |
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| 15 (14) |
Leaves glabrous |
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14 Tylophora brownii |
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Leaves hairy, usually densely so at least abaxially. |
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(16) |
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| 16 (15) |
Stem hairs pale, appressed; inflorescences about as long as petiole |
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18 Tylophora astephanoides |
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Stem hairs softly yellowish or rusty pilose, hairs erect or curved toward base of stem; inflorescences much longer than petiole. |
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(17) |
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| 17 (16) |
Internodes glabrescent; base of leaf blade broadly cuneate to rounded; corolla lobes ca. 5 × 1.6 mm |
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16 Tylophora forrestii |
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Internodes persistently hairy; base of leaf blade cordate to subcordate; corolla lobes ca. 1.5-2.5 × 1-1.2 mm, obtuse |
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17 Tylophora ovata |
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| 18 (13) |
Leaf blade linear or linear-lanceolate, 5 or more times as long as wide. |
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(19) |
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Leaf blade ovate, elliptic, ovate-oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, less than 5 times as long as wide. |
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(23) |
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| 19 (18) |
Leaf blade less than 3 mm wide |
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10 Tylophora oshimae |
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Leaf blade 4-35 mm wide. |
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(20) |
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| 20 (19) |
Plant pubescent throughout; inflorescences not branched |
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7 Tylophora insulana |
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Internodes and leaves except for midrib glabrous or very sparsely hairy; inflorescences usually branched. |
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(21) |
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| 21 (20) |
Leaves leathery or thick papery, often less than 5 times as long as wide, abaxially minutely papillate, lateral veins obscure |
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6 Tylophora silvestris |
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Leaves membranous, lateral veins prominent. |
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(22) |
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| 22 (21) |
Petiole 3-7 mm; leaf blade 4-11 mm wide |
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8 Tylophora kerrii |
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Petiole 15-18 mm; leaf blade up to 30-35 mm wide |
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9 Tylophora longifolia |
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| 23 (18) |
Corona lobes expanded into truncate dorsal lobe; leaves with prominent scattered tubercles; stem hairs in 2 lines, thick, stiffly erect |
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33 Tylophora tuberculata |
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Corona lobes ovoid to almost globose, dorsally rounded; leaves smooth or minutely densely papillate; stem hairs absent or slender, appressed. |
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(24) |
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| 24 (23) |
Lateral veins of leaf blade obscure abaxially. |
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(25) |
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Lateral veins of leaf blade conspicuous. |
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(27) |
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| 25 (24) |
Leaf blade leathery, abaxially minutely papillate |
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6 Tylophora silvestris |
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Leaf blade papery, not papillate. |
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(26) |
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| 26 (25) |
Leaf midvein and petiole pubescent or puberulent; base of leaf blade cuneate to rounded; sepals ovate, with basal glands inside |
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29 Tylophora flexuosa |
| + |
Leaf midvein and petiole glabrous; base of leaf blade rounded to shallowly cordate; sepals oblong, without glands inside |
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30 Tylophora leptantha |
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| 27 (24) |
Lateral leaf veins 12-16 pairs |
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11 Tylophora anthopotamica |
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Lateral leaf veins 3-7 pairs. |
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(28) |
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| 28 (27) |
Leaf blade abaxially distinctly pubescent. |
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(29) |
| + |
Leaf blade abaxially glabrous or sparsely puberulent along midvein only. |
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(31) |
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| 29 (28) |
Base of leaf blade broadly cuneate to rounded |
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16 Tylophora forrestii |
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Base of leaf blade cordate to truncate. |
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(30) |
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| 30 (29) |
Leaf blade ovate-oblong, 2-3 cm; stems pubescent along 1 side only |
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28 Tylophora silvestrii |
| + |
Leaf blade lanceolate, 3.5-7 cm; stems pubescent all round |
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7 Tylophora insulana |
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| 31 (28) |
Inflorescences always shorter than leaves. |
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(32) |
| + |
Inflorescences longer than leaves. |
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(36) |
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| 32 (31) |
Corolla exterior hairy. |
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(33) |
| + |
Corolla exterior glabrous. |
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(34) |
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| 33 (32) |
Inflorescences congested, umbel-like clusters of cymules; peduncle purplish red; corolla purplish red, outside yellowish pilose, inside villous |
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13 Tylophora picta |
| + |
Inflorescences lax, little branched; peduncle greenish; corolla yellowish, greenish, or greenish orange, glabrous |
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21 Tylophora tengii |
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| 34 (32) |
Inflorescences unbranched, with 1 or 2 cymules; leaves thin papery |
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22 Tylophora chingtungensis |
| + |
Inflorescences forked, with several cymules; leaves membranous. |
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(35) |
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| 35 (34) |
Corolla purple, lobes ovate, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm |
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23 Tylophora henryi |
| + |
Corolla yellowish white, lobes oblong, ca. 4 × 2.5 mm |
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24 Tylophora membranacea |
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| 36 (31) |
Leaf blade oblong-ovate to hastate, base cordate; corolla purple, 2-3 mm in diam. |
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31 Tylophora floribunda |
| + |
Leaf blade ovate or ovate-oblong, base cuneate to truncate, occasionally almost cordate; corolla greenish or greenish orange, 4-6 mm in diam. |
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(37) |
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| 37 (36) |
Cymules lax, racemelike; inflorescences divaricately many branched, to 32 cm |
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27 Tylophora augustiniana |
| + |
Cymules umbel-like; inflorescences few branched and not conspicuously divaricate. |
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(38) |
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| 38 (37) |
Leaf blade 3-5.5 cm, abaxial surface minutely very densely and obscurely papillate (use good hand lens) |
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32 Tylophora gracilenta |
| + |
Leaf blade (4-)6.5-14 cm, abaxial surface smooth or obscurely and sparsely papillate. |
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(39) |
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| 39 (38) |
Stems and petioles yellowish pubescent; leaf blade smooth abaxially |
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25 Tylophora hui |
| + |
All parts glabrous; leaf blade obscurely minute papillate abaxially |
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26 Tylophora koi |
