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11. Vitex Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 638. 1753.
牡荆属 mu jing shu
Trees or shrubs. Branches glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Leaves opposite, palmately (1-)3-8-foliolate; leaflets petiolulate, margin entire, dentate, serrate, or incised. Inflorescences terminal or axillary cymes, thyrses, or panicles; bracts usually small, often early deciduous. Calyx campanulate, tubular, or funnelform, sometimes 2-lipped, usually truncate or shortly 5-dentate. Corolla blue, white, or yellow, 2-lipped, lower lip 3-lobed with middle lobe greatly elongated, upper lip usually 2-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous, sometimes exserted; anther locules attached only at tip, becoming divaricate. Ovary 2-4-locular; ovules 1 or 2 per locule. Style filiform; stigma 2-cleft. Drupes subtended by enlarged calyx, globose, ovoid, or obovoid, normally 4-locular and 4-seeded but often some locules suppressed and base of pyrene forming a hollowed cavity, endocarp a bony pyrene, mesocarp generally fleshy. Seeds obovoid or oblong, endosperm absent; cotyledons usually fleshy.
About 250 species: chiefly tropical, few in temperate regions of both hemispheres; 14 species in China.
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| 1 |
Inflorescences axillary, subtended by normal leaves. |
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(2) |
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Inflorescences terminal, not subtended by normal leaves. |
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(6) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaflets glabrous; inflorescences thyrses with a well-defined main axis and short lateral cymes |
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10 Vitex peduncularis |
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Leaflets pubescent; inflorescences cymes, usually rounded. |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaves often with more than 3 leaflets; cymes to 3, produced in succession from 1 axil |
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11 Vitex burmensis |
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Leaves 3- or 5-foliolate; cymes rarely more than 1 per axil. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Corolla yellow, tube slender and cylindric |
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12 Vitex vestita |
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Corolla white flushed with pink or blue, tube funnelform to campanulate. |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Cyme branches narrowly divergent; corolla to 1.7 cm |
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13 Vitex yunnanensis |
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Cyme branches widely divergent; corolla to 1 cm |
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14 Vitex duclouxii |
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| 6 (1) |
Peduncles, pedicels, and calyces glabrous or subglabrous. |
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(7) |
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Peduncles, pedicels, and calyces pubescent. |
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(9) |
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| 7 (6) |
Leaflets serrate; calyx distinctly dentate |
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3 Vitex sampsonii |
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Leaflets entire; calyx teeth rudimentary. |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Branchlet lenticels obscure; corolla outside puberulent |
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1 Vitex kwangsiensis |
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Branchlet lenticels conspicuous; corolla outside glabrescent |
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2 Vitex tripinnata |
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| 9 (6) |
Leaflets abaxially pubescent only along main veins. |
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(10) |
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Leaflets abaxially densely pubescent. |
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(11) |
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| 10 (9) |
Leaflets lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate; bractlets persistent in flower |
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4 Vitex pierreana |
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Leaflets obovate to elliptic or oblong; bractlets early deciduous |
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5 Vitex quinata |
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| 11 (9) |
Leaflets with glandular hairs, adaxially glabrescent and grayish dotted; bracts deciduous |
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6 Vitex canescens |
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Leaflets puberulent, not adaxially dotted; bracts persistent. |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Prostrate shrubs |
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8 Vitex rotundifolia |
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Erect shrub or small trees. |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Leaves (1-)3(-5)-foliolate; middle leaflet sessile; calyx with 5 obscure teeth, shorter than fruit |
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7 Vitex trifolia |
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Leaves 3-7-foliolate; middle leaflet distinctly petiolulate; calyx with 5 distinct teeth, as long as fruit |
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9 Vitex negundo |
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List of lower taxa
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