日本冷杉 ri ben leng shan

Abies bifida Siebold & Zuccarini; A. firma var. bifida (Siebold & Zuccarini) Masters.

Trees to 50 m tall; trunk to 2 m d.b.h.; bark black, rough, scaly, fissured; crown pyramidal; branchlets grayish yellow, turning light gray or yellowish gray in 2nd or 3rd year, glabrous, or puberulent in groove; winter buds ovoid, slightly resinous. Leaves almost radially spreading or ascending on upper side of branchlets, pectinately arranged in 2 lateral sets on lower side, bright green adaxially, linear, 2-3.5(-5) cm × 3-4 mm, stomatal lines in 2 white bands abaxially, resin canals 2, median, sometimes also 2 marginal canals in leaves of cone-bearing branchlets, apex emarginate or obtuse. Seed cones green, maturing yellow- or gray-brown, cylindric, 12-15 cm. Seed scales flabellate-trapeziform, 1.2-2.2 × 1.7-2.8 cm. Bracts usually exserted, apex with abrupt, acute cusp. Seeds with cuneate-oblong wing. Pollination Apr-May, seed maturity Oct.

Cultivated. Jiangsu (Nanjing Shi), Jiangxi (Lu Shan), Liaoning, Shandong (Qingdao Shi), Taiwan [native to Japan]