长叶云杉 chang ye yun shan

Pinus smithiana Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 24. 1832; Picea khutrow (Royle ex Turra) Carriere; P. morinda Link; Pinus khutrow Royle ex Turra.

Trees to 60 m tall; trunk to 2 m d.b.h.; bark pale brown, breaking into irregular plates; crown conical; branchlets pendulous, pale brown or pale gray when young, glabrous; winter buds reddish brown, conical or ovoid, scales slightly open, rarely appressed at base of branchlets. Leaves spreading radially, directed obliquely forward, quadrangular-linear, slender, curved, quadrangular or subquadrangular in cross section, 3.3-5.5 cm × 1.3-1.8 mm, stomatal lines 2-5 along each surface, apex acute or acuminate. Seed cones green, maturing brown, lustrous, cylindric or fusiform-cylindric, 10-18 × 4.5-5 cm. Seed scales broadly obovate, thick, ca. 3 × 2.4 cm, rigid, base cuneate, apex entire, broadly triangular-obtuse. Seeds dark brown, ca. 5 mm; wing ovoid-oblong, 1-1.5 cm, apex pointed.

Alpine lithosols; 2300-3600 m. S Xizang [Afghanistan, N India, Kashmir, Nepal, Pakistan]

A rare species in China. The timber is used for construction, furniture, and wood pulp. The species is also cultivated for afforestation and as an ornamental.