1 |
Leaves verticillate or both opposite and alternate (all leaves alternate in S. chauveaudii var. margaritae). |
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(2) |
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Leaves alternate (sometimes opposite in S. blepharophyllum). |
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(8) |
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2 (1) |
Inflorescences cymose-scorpioid; flowers sessile or subsessile; sepals broadly ovate to suboblong, equal, ca. 1.5 mm |
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72 S. chuhsingense |
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Inflorescences corymbiform; flowers shortly pedicellate; sepals sublinear, unequal, 3-6.5 mm. |
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(3) |
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3 (2) |
Plants annual or biennial. |
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(4) |
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Plants perennial. |
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(5) |
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4 (3) |
Styles ca. 1.8 mm; nectar scales broadly linear-spatulate |
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70 S. leblancae |
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Styles ca. 0.5 mm; nectar scales quadrangular |
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71 S. tsiangii |
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5 (3) |
Leaves both verticillate and alternate; placenta subfalcate |
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66 S. bergeri |
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Leaves all verticillate (alternate in S. chauveaudii var. margaritae); placenta not subfalcate. |
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(6) |
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6 (5) |
Petals ± free, apex papillate |
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69 S. dielsii |
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Petals basally connate for more than 1.5 mm, apex not papillate. |
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(7) |
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7 (6) |
Sepals linear-spatulate; petals basally connate for ca. 1.5 mm |
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67 S. chauveaudii |
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Sepals linear-lanceolate; petals basally connate for 2-3 mm |
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68 S. tsonanum |
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8 (1) |
Seed funicle inflated at base, appendage stomach-shaped. |
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(9) |
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Seed funicle not inflated at base. |
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(16) |
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9 (8) |
Sepals spurless. |
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(10) |
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Sepals spurred. |
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(12) |
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10 (9) |
Seeds covered with thick, chaffy scales |
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58 S. ramentaceum |
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Seeds minutely papillate or hairy. |
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(11) |
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11 (10) |
Follicles 2- or 3-seeded; seeds minutely hairy |
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59 S. trichospermum |
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Follicles 12-14-seeded; seeds minutely papillate |
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60 S. prasinopetalum |
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12 (9) |
Leaves and sepals acuminate to cuspidate apically; petals 2-2.3 mm |
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65 S. erici-magnusii |
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Leaves and sepals obtuse to sometimes subacute apically; petals 4-7.2 mm. |
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(13) |
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13 (12) |
Sepals of terminal flower in 2 series |
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64 S. didymocalyx |
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Sepals in 1 series. |
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(14) |
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14 (13) |
Leaves oblong to subovate; nectar scales 1.6-1.8 mm |
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61 S. forrestii |
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Leaves linear-oblong, linear-lanceolate, or linear-obovate; nectar scales 0.4-0.7 mm. |
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(15) |
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15 (14) |
Leaves linear-lanceolate to linear-obovate; petals 4-6 mm; follicles 4- or 5-seeded |
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62 S. perrotii |
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Leaves linear-oblong; petals 7-7.2 mm; follicles usually ca. 7-seeded |
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63 S. longifuniculatum |
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16 (8) |
Placenta inflated, falcate to lunate. |
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(17) |
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Placenta not inflated, rarely falcate to lunate. |
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(31) |
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17 (16) |
Plants perennial; sterile stems present. |
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(18) |
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Plants annual or biennial; sterile stems absent. |
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(21) |
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18 (17) |
Flowers 5-merous; petals ca. 3.5 mm, apex obtuse |
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43 S. muyaicum |
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Flowers unequally 5-merous; petals 5.8-9 mm, apex acuminate. |
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(19) |
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19 (18) |
Underground stems absent; basal spur of leaves truncate-obtuse |
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46 S. longyanense |
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Underground stems present; basal spur of leaves obtuse or 3-lobed. |
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(20) |
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20 (19) |
Sepals 6.5-7.2 mm, spurless |
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44 S. celiae |
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Sepals 3.5-5 mm, spurred |
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45 S. dugueyi |
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21 (17) |
Sepals spurless at base. |
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(22) |
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Sepals spurred at base. |
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(25) |
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22 (21) |
Nectar scales broadly spatulate, ca. 0.4 mm, apically appendaged; leaf apex acuminate |
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47 S. celatum |
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Nectar scales narrowly linear to linear-spatulate, 0.7-1.3 mm, apically not appendaged; leaf apex obtuse. |
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(23) |
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23 (22) |
Nectar scales 0.8-1.3 mm; follicles 3-6-seeded; stamens 5 |
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48 S. przewalskii |
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Nectar scales ca. 0.7 mm; follicles 1-3-seeded; stamens 10. |
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(24) |
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24 (23) |
Petals narrowed toward base, apex obscurely mucronate; placenta lunulate |
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49 S. pagetodes |
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Petals broadened toward base, apex not mucronate; placenta basal |
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50 S. pratoalpinum |
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25 (21) |
Leaves broadened in distal 1/2 (sometimes not so in S. sinoglaciale); nectar scales 1-1.5 mm. |
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(26) |
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Leaves broadened in proximal 1/2; nectar scales 0.5-0.8 mm. |
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(28) |
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26 (25) |
Follicles 2-seeded; antepetalous stamens inserted 1-1.2 mm from petal base; seeds smooth |
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57 S. semilunatum |
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Follicles 5- to many seeded; antepetalous stamens inserted ca. 2 mm from petal base; seeds papillate. |
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(27) |
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27 (26) |
Carpels basally connate for 1.2-1.8 mm; basal leaves spatulate, others subpanduriform; sepals obtuse at apex |
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55 S. chingtungense |
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Carpels ± free; leaves linear to linear-oblong; sepals acute at apex |
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56 S. sinoglaciale |
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28 (25) |
Nectar scales apically parted to lobate; leaf apex obtuse; follicles 2-4-seeded |
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54 S. purdomii |
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Nectar scales apically obtuse or retuse; leaf apex acute to acuminate; follicles (3-)7-12-seeded. |
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(29) |
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29 (28) |
Petals ca. 4 mm, ± free |
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53 S. fedtschenkoi |
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Petals 6-10.5 mm, basally subconnate. |
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(30) |
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30 (29) |
Petals yellow; placenta falcate; follicles 10-12-seeded |
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51 S. paracelatum |
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Petals purplish red; placenta sublunulate; follicles 7-9-seeded |
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52 S. luchuanicum |
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31 (16) |
Petals abruptly narrowed basally or attenuate into a claw. |
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(32) |
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Petals neither narrowed basally nor attenuate into claw. |
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(36) |
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32 (31) |
Plants annual or biennial; sterile stems absent. |
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(33) |
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Plants perennial; sterile stems present. |
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(34) |
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33 (32) |
Sepals lanceolate to lanceolate-oblong; petals red, obtrullate; stamens often 5 |
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41 S. obtrullatum |
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Sepals ovate to ovate-oblong; petals yellow, narrowly oblong; stamens 10 |
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42 S. raymondii |
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34 (32) |
Petal claw broad, less than 3 mm; sepals spurred, margin papillate |
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38 S. gagei |
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Petal claw narrow, to 4 mm; sepals spurless, margin laevigate. |
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(35) |
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35 (34) |
Petals sagittate, limb subovate, attenuate in distal 1/2, apex narrowly apiculate |
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39 S. sagittipetalum |
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Petals trullate, limb ovate-lanceolate to broadly ovate, basally narrowed, apex mucronate |
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40 S. trullipetalum |
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36 (31) |
Petals basally connate for more than 1 mm (for ca. 0.8 mm in S. costantinii); stamens in 2 series. |
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(37) |
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Petals free or basally subconnate usually for less than 1 mm; stamens in 1 or 2 series. |
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(42) |
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37 (36) |
Petal margin erose or suberose. |
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(38) |
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Petal margin entire. |
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(39) |
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38 (37) |
Petals lanceolate to oblong, margin conspicuously erose; leaves linear, apex spinose-apiculate; sepals spurless, apex spinose-apiculate |
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9 S. daigremontianum |
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Petals obovate-lanceolate to obovate, margin ± erose; leaves lanceolate to broadly oblong, apex acute; sepals spurred, apex acute |
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10 S. oreades |
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39 (37) |
Petals ca. 11 mm |
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12 S. feddei |
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Petals 5-6.2 mm |
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(40) |
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40 (39) |
Sepals yellowish green; leaf base spur 3-lobed |
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11 S. costantinii |
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Sepals green; leaf base spur entire. |
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(41) |
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41 (40) |
Petal base clawless, apex long mucronate; sepals linear or subspatulate |
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13 S. fui |
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Petal base ± clawed, apex subacuminate; sepals suboblong |
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14 S. wangii |
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42 (36) |
Leaf apex obtuse; stamens 5-10(-12). |
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(43) |
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Leaf apex acuminate to acute; stamens 10 (sometimes 5 in S. ulricae). |
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(52) |
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43 (42) |
Sepals spurless. |
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(44) |
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Sepals spurred. |
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(47) |
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44 (43) |
Flowers 5-merous; plants less than 2.5 cm tall. |
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(45) |
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Flowers unequally 5-merous; plants 3.5-6 cm tall. |
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(46) |
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45 (44) |
Plants 1-2.5 cm tall; leaves narrowly oblong; follicles 6-8(-14)-seeded; seeds minutely papillate |
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28 S. fischeri |
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Plants ca. 10 mm tall; leaves ovate to suborbicular; follicles 1- or 2-seeded; seeds winged at both ends |
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29 S. oligocarpum |
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46 (44) |
Leaves broadly linear to oblong; follicles few seeded |
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30 S. lutzii |
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Leaves ovate; follicles 6- or 7-seeded |
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31 S. tsinghaicum |
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47 (43) |
Seeds smooth, winged; leaf and sepal margin smooth; follicles 10-12-seeded |
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37 S. magniflorum |
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Seeds papillate, wingless; leaf and sepal margin papillate; follicles more than 12-seeded. |
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(48) |
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48 (47) |
Petals basally free or almost so. |
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(49) |
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Petal basally subconnate. |
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(50) |
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49 (48) |
Petal apex smooth; nectar scales apically emarginate; follicles 12-15-seeded |
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32 S. roborowskii |
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Petal apex papillate; nectar scales apically rounded; follicles 20-22-seeded |
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33 S. blepharophyllum |
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50 (48) |
Leaves broadly lanceolate to lanceolate-oblong; petal apex papillate |
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34 S. obtusipetalum |
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Leaves obovate, obovate-oblong, or suboblong; petal apex smooth. |
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(51) |
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51 (50) |
Petals broadly triangular; sepal apex rounded; stamens 5 or 10 |
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35 S. somenii |
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Petals narrowly oblong; sepal apex obtuse; stamens 10 |
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36 S. morotii |
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52 (42) |
Plants perennial; sterile stems numerous. |
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(53) |
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Plants annual or biennial; sterile stems absent (present in S. susanneae). |
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(58) |
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53 (52) |
Leaf base spur obtuse or truncate. |
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(54) |
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Leaf base spur lobed to sublobed. |
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(55) |
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54 (53) |
Sepals spurless; petals basally almost free; basal leaves of flowering stems ovate-lanceolate, persistent; seeds winged |
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19 S. barbeyi |
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Sepals spurred; petals basally connate for ca. 1.2 mm; basal leaves of flowering stems linear, soon withered; seeds wingless |
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20 S. pampaninii |
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55 (53) |
Spur 2-lobed, occasionally ± 3-lobed; leaf and sepal margin glandular ciliate |
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18 S. glaebosum |
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Spur 3-lobed or ± so (sometimes truncate in S. heckelii); leaf and sepal margin glabrous. |
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(56) |
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56 (55) |
Sepals spurless, adaxially papillate |
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15 S. beauverdii |
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Sepals spurred, adaxially smooth. |
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(57) |
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57 (56) |
Inflorescences dense; sepals narrowly oblong to ovate, apex shortly acuminate |
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16 S. heckelii |
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Inflorescences lax; sepals lanceolate to narrowly triangular, apex acuminate |
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17 S. nothodugueyi |
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58 (52) |
Sepals spurless. |
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(59) |
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Sepals spurred. |
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(60) |
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59 (58) |
Leaf and sepal margin glabrous; carpels glabrous |
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21 S. susanneae |
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Leaf and sepal margin spinescent ciliate; carpels adaxially spinescent hairy |
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22 S. stimulosum |
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60 (58) |
Petals 6.5-8.9 mm. |
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(61) |
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Petals less than 4.5 mm. |
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(62) |
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61 (60) |
Pedicel 1-2 mm; sepals linear-lanceolate or subovate; petals apex long mucronate |
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23 S. rosei |
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Pedicel 6-10 mm; sepals oblong; petal apex acuminate |
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24 S. platysepalum |
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62 (60) |
Petals ca. 3 mm, basally connate, apex mucronulate |
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27 S. henrici-robertii |
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Petals to 4.5 mm, free, apex not mucronulate. |
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(63) |
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63 (62) |
Plants 10-13 cm tall; carpels suberect |
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25 S. franchetii |
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Plants 3-6 cm tall; carpels divergent |
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26 S. ulricae |