Phlomis aspera Willdenow, Enum. Pl. 621. 1809.

Herbs annual, 20-40 cm tall. Stems hispid. Petiole short to obsolete, densely hispid; leaf blade linear or oblong-linear, 2.5-6 × 0.8-1.5 cm, strigose especially on veins abaxially, base cuneate-decurrent, margin sparsely crenate or sometimes subentire, apex obtuse, lateral veins ca. 3 pairs. Verticillasters globose, 2-2.5(-3) cm in diam., many flowered, densely hispid; bracts linear, as long as calyx, margin hispid ciliate, apex slightly spinescent. Calyx tubular, ca. 1 cm, slightly constricted at apex, slightly hispid or subglabrous at base, otherwise densely hispid outside; mouth oblique, erect; teeth straight, broadly triangular, apex spinescent. Corolla white, slightly longer than calyx tube, ca. 1.2 cm; tube ca. 8 mm; lower lip spreading, middle lobe largest. Nutlets brown, oblong, triquetrous, ca. 2 mm, shiny. Fl. and fr. year round.

Fields, open wet areas, sandy grasslands; ca. 100 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan [India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand].