曲柄藓

Plants small to large, 1–10 cm high, olive green or yellowish green, shiny, in dense tufts. Stems erect, or ascending, slightly curved, simple or branched, radiculose below; central strand present. Leaves flexuose when dry, erect-patent or slightly secund when moist, lanceolate, ca. 6 mm long, gradually narrowed to a subulate, denticulate apex; margins plane, entire or only serrulate at the apex; costa occupying ca. ½ the leaf base width, and 2/3 the upper leaf width, excurrent in a concolorous point, smooth or slightly roughened, not ridged at back in the upper part, with only dorsal stereid band in transverse section; upper cells quadrate to short-rectangular or slightly oblique; basal cells rectangular, thick-walled, forming 1–2 rows of narrower cells at the margins; alar cells forming well marked auricles, inflated, often brownish. Dioicous. Sporophytes not seen.

Type. Germany: Dillenius s.n.

Chinese specimens examined: FUJIAN: De-hua Co., P.-Z. Zheng 823, 840 (IBSC); Wuyi Shan (Mt.), D.-K. Li & C.-H. Gao 11154 (SHM). GUANGXI: Tian-lin Co., C. Gao et al. 2435 (IFSBH); Xing-an Co., C. Gao & G.-C. Zhang 1319, 1431 (IFSBH). JIANGXI: Lu Shan (Mt.), L.-J. Bi 15 (IFSBH). LIAONING: Kuan-dian Co., X.-L. Ma 910633 (MO). SICHUAN: Zhuo-si-jia Co., Z.-T. Guan 2455 (MO). YUNNAN: Si-mao Co., R.-L. Xiong 6451 (YUKU); Teng-chong Co., X.-J. Li 484 (KUN). ZHEJIANG: Sui-chang Co., Z.-L. Liu 1056 (HSNU, MO).

Habitat: on wet soil or soil over rocks in shade; Distribution: China, Nepal, Europe, Russian Far East, North, Central and South America, Australia, New Zealand, and Madgascar.

Illustrations: C. Gao (ed.) 1994 (Pl. 62, figs. 1–7).