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Moss China | Family List | Moss China V. 1 | Dicranaceae

10. Campylopus Brid., Muscol. Recent. Suppl. 4: 71. 1819.

曲柄藓属

Plants small, or medium to very robust, often coarse and rigid, yellowish brown to reddish brown, usually silky, in dense tufts. Stems erect, simple or branched by innovations, comose or somewhat equally foliate, often densely radiculose below; central strand present. Leaves erect or flexuose-spreading, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate or ovate-subulate, usually gradually narrowed to a subtubulose acumen; margins often plane, sometimes incurved, variable serrate toward the apex, nearly always denticulate at the extreme apex; costa broad, often occupying ½ or more the leaf base width, filling most of the subula, percurrent to long-excurrent, or in a hyaline hairpoint, often ribbed or denticulate at back above, sometimes with multi-celled lamellae, with either two stereid bands or a single (dorsal) stereid band, rarely without stereid cells in transverse section; upper cells quadrate to elongate-rhomboidal or rectangular, incrassate, smooth; lower cells short-rectangular to rhomboidal or linear, firm-walled, rarely porose, narrower toward the margins, sometimes forming a hyaline border; alar cells usually well marked, forming auricles, inflated, extending to the costa, hyaline or reddish brown. Dioicous. Perichaetial leaves usually enlarged, with wider basal portion and narrower costa. Setae elongate, usually cygneous, sometimes erect-flexuose when moist; capsules erect or curved, ovoid to ellipsoid, usually furrowed when dry, sometimes strumose; stomata absent; opercula rostrate; annuli present, often compound in 2-3 rows of larger cells, deciduous; peristome teeth 16, divided to the middle or little more, orange-brown and vertically striate below, hyaline and papillose above. Calyptrae cucullate, often fringed at base. Spores spherical, variously papillose, yellow to brown.

Campylopus is a large genus with a high degree of taxonomic complexity and worldwide distribution. It includes about 600 published species in the world. Seventeen species, one subspecies, and one variety are recognized for China in this treatment. Frahm’s revision of East-Asian species of Campylopus is useful in the study of Chinese taxa (Frahm 1992).

1 Costa in transverse section without clearly defined stereids   (2)
+ Costa in transverse section with clearly defined stereids   (5)
       
2 (1) Dorsal cells of the costa with very thick walls and small lumina (smaller than the ventral cells), thus qualifying as substereids; leaves usually falcate-secund   13 Campylopus subfragilis
+ Dorsal cells of the costa with only incrassate walls and large lumina, becoming too large to be qualified as substereids; leaves usually erect   (3)
       
3 (2) Costa broader, occupying 3/4 the leaf base width; lamina not beyond 1/3 the leaf length; alar cells distinctly protruding into the costa   6 Campylopus gracilis
+ Costa narrower, often less than 2/3 the leaf base width; lamina extending beyond 1/3 the leaf length; alar cells not or slightly protruding into the costa   (4)
       
4 (3) Costa smooth at back above; upper leaf cells rectangular   11 Campylopus schimperi
+ Costa ridged at back above; upper leaf cells subquadrate to short-rectangular   14 Campylopus subulatus
       
5 (1) Costa in transverse section with both dorsal and ventral stereid bands   (6)
+ Costa in transverse section with only dorsal stereid band   (9)
       
6 (5) Basal leaf cells subquadrate to short-rectangular   (7)
+ Basal leaf cells moderately long-rectangular   (8)
       
7 (6) Leaves broadly lanceolate, contracted at base; costa narrower, occupying ca. 1/3 the leaf base width, with lamellae at back in the upper part, ending in a long, distinct hyaline, serrate hairpoint   16 Campylopus umbellatus
+ Leaves narrowly lanceolate, not contracted at base; costa broader, occupying ca. 1/2 the leaf base width, smooth or rarely slightly ridged at back in the upper part, ending in a long concolorous tip   8 Campylopus japonicus
       
8 (6) Costa ending in a subhyaline to hyaline point, ridged at back in the upper part, in transverse section clearly with ventral stereid band; leaf base contracted; calyptrae fringed at base; capsules erect, symmetric and scabrous at base   3 Campylopus ericoides
+ Costa not ending in a hyaline point, smooth at back in the upper part, with ventral substereid band in transverse section; leaf base not contracted; calyptrae ciliate at base; capsule curved, strumose and smooth at base   2 Campylopus comosus
       
9 (5) Basal leaf cells rather thin-walled   (10)
+ Basal leaf cells thick-walled   (16)
       
10 (9) Costa ending in a long hyaline hairpoint   (11)
+ Costa not ending in a hyaline hairpoint or ending in a subhyaline point   (12)
       
11 (10) Plants larger, to 8 cm high, in dense cushion, densely tomentose below; costal cells of abaxial surface quadrate to short-rectangular   7 Campylopus hemitrichius
+ Plants smaller, to 4 cm high, in loose tufts, scarcely tomentose below; costa cells of abaxial surface long-rectangular   12 Campylopus schmidii
       
12 (10) Sterile plants not comose foliate; leaves ending in a long, narrow, channeled tip   10 Campylopus pyriformis
+ Sterile plants comose foliate; leaves not ending in a channeled tip   (13)
       
13 (12) Costa widest at base, gradually narrowed upward, ending in a subhyaline point; upper leaf cells rhomboidal to elongate; brood leaves lacking   9 Campylopus laxitexus
+ Costa widest about in the middle of leaves, gradually narrowed toward leaf base, ending in a concolorous point; upper leaf cells quadrate, oval or rectangular; brood leaves common in comal tufts   (14)
       
14 (13) Upper leaf cells rectangular   17 Campylopus zollingerianus
+ Upper leaf cells quadrate to short-rectangular or oval   (15)
       
15 (14) Upper leaf cells quadrate to short-rectangular   5a Campylopus fragilis ssp. fragilis
+ Upper leaf cells oval   5b Campylopus fragilis ssp. goughii
       
16 (9) Costa not ending in a hyaline hairpoint nor in a cucullate tip; upper leaf cells, quadrate to short-rectangular or slightly oblique   4 Campylopus flexuosus
+ Costa ending in a hyaline hairpoint, sometimes in a cucullate tip; upper leaf cells rhomboidal or elongate-oval   (17)
       
17 (16) Costa with lamellae at back in the upper part; upper leaf cells rhomboidal   15 Campylopus taiwanensis
+ Costa with ridges at back in the upper part; upper leaf cells elongate-oval   (18)
       
18 (17) Leaves usually ending in a hyaline hairpoint   1a var. atrovirens
+ Leaves more often ending in a cucullate tip   1b var. cucullatifolius

  • List of lower taxa


     

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