Archidium sinense Durieu in Debeaux, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 9: 161. 1862. Type. China: Shandong, Yan-tai near Teché-fou, Debeaus s.n., 1861.

Plants gregarious to loosely tufted, 2–30 mm high, yellowish green to green, not glossy. Stems erect, simple or 2–3-branched by subapical or lateral innovations. Upper stem leaves erect-spreading to spreading, channelled, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate to narrowly long-triangular, acuminate to subulate, 0.5–1.7 mm × 0.16–0.28 mm wide; margins entire to faintly serrulate above; costa percurrent to strongly excurrent; median cells rhomboidal to prosenchymatose, 45–90 µm × 9–14 µm, shorter toward the apex; basal cells short-rectangular to rectangular, those at alar regions quadrate in 2–6 rows. Autoicous; perichaetia and perigonia mostly lateral and sessile, occasionally terminal on short branches. Perichaetial leaves 1–2 mm long, ovate, oblong-ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or lanceolate, short- to long-acuminate; margins plane, entire to faintly serrulate above; costa percurrent to strongly excurrent; median cells rhomboidal to prosenchymatose, 45–140 µm × 9–14 µm, shorter above; basal cells loosely rhomboidal to rectangular. Rhizoids smooth, rhizoidal tubers present. Capsules lateral or occasionally terminal, about 0.4 mm broad. Spores 4–60, often 16, per capsule, 110–310 µm, irregularly angled, smooth to densely papillose.

Type. U.S.A., Sullivant, Musci Allegh. 213 (as Archidium phascoides Brid.).

Chinese specimens examined: HENAN: Jigongshan (Mt.), J.-X. Luo 92 (MO, PE), Z.-Z. Yang 741 (MO, PE). SHANDONG: Qingdao, Lao Shan (Mt.), E. -Z. Bai 3436 (IFSBH).

Habitat: on rocks or sandy soil; Distribution: China, India, Sri Lanka, Japan, New Caledonia, Africa, West Indies, and North America.

This species was reported from Jiangsu (Z.-L. Liu et al. 1989) and Zhejiang provinces (D.-K. Li and C.-H. Gao 1983), but the authors could not confirm these reports.

Illustrations: C. Gao (ed.) 1994 (Pl. 27, figs. 1–15); Snider 1975 (Pl. XI–XII, figs. 76–98).