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Setaria P. Beauv., Ess. Agrost. 51. 1812. Boiss., Fl. Or. 5:442. 1884; Hook.f., H. Brit. Ind. 7:77. 1896; Blatter & McCann, Bombay Grasses 171. 1935; Bor, Fl. Assam 5:283. 1940; Sultan & Stewart, Grasses W. Pak. 1:52. 1958; Bor, Grasses Burma Ceyl. Ind. Pak. 358. 1960; Bor in Towns., Guest & Al-Rawi, Fl. Iraq 9:498. 1968; Bor in Rech.f., Fl. Iran. 70:495. 1970; Tzvelev, Poaceae URSS 674. 1976; Clayton in Tutin et al., Fl. Fur. 5:263. 1980.
Cymbosetaria Schweick.
Annuals or perennials. Leaf-blades flat or folded, sometimes pleated: ligule usually a ciliate rim. Inflorescence a panicle, open or spike-like, the spikelets (or only the terminal) subtended by 1 or more bristles which persist on the axis after the spikelets fall. Spikelets oblong to ovate, ± plano-convex, awnless, the lower glume abaxial; glumes unequal, the lower generally much smaller, ovate from a clasping base; lower floret male or barren, as long as the spikelet, herbaceous; upper floret bisexual, its lemma crustaceous, strongly convex on the back, often rugose, clasping only the margins of the palea. Caryopsis oblong or ellipsoid.
A genus of about 100 species in the tropics and subtropics; 6 species occur in Pakistan, 2 of them cultivated.
The bristles are considered to be sterile panicle branches. In some species only the tips of the main branches are thus sterilised, and the distinction from Panicum is then somewhat arbitrary.
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| 1 |
Leaves plicately folded; panicle lax |
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Setaria palmifolia |
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Leaves flat, not plicately folded |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Panicle spike-like, sometimes ± lobed |
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(3) |
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Panicle branched |
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Setaria intermedia |
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| 3 (2) |
Spikelets not deciduous, the upper floret disarticulating at maturity above the persistent lower lemma; cultivated annual |
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Setaria italica |
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Spikelets deciduous as a whole |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Bristles retrorsely barbed, adhering tenaciously to
clothing |
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Setaria verticillata |
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Bristles antrorsely barbed |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Upper glume as long as the upper lemma, the latter
finely rugose |
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Setaria viridis |
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Upper glume as long as the upper lemma, the latter
finely rugose |
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Setaria pumila |
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Lower Taxa
Related Synonym(s):
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Treatments in Other Floras @ www.efloras.org
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