Monolepis litwinowii Paulsen, Vidensk. Meddel. naturhist. Foren. Kjöbenhavn 1903: 187. 1903.

Summer to winter annual, similar to C. foliosum, but a ± prostrate herb, often without a distinct main stem, basal branches to 50 cm long, secondary branches few. Petiole of basal leaves to 4 cm, blade to 2.2 x 1.4 cm, triangular, dentate. Cauline leaves triangular, hastate and dentate or middle-lobe entire, especially on bracts, lobes and teeth mostly reflexed, base short attenuate to subcordate, apex acute. Glomerules 4-7 mm in diameter. Perianth segments 3, usually becoming red and succulent in fruit. Seeds 0.8-1.15 mm, ovoid (length:width ratio 1.15-1.30), margin obtuse to truncate, mostly not grooved.

Fl. & Fr. Per.: July-October.

Holotype: ‘Pamir, in siccis prope fl. Müscol, 4300 m, 2.7.1898 O. Paulsen 667’ (C); isotype (LE).

In upper montane Krascheninnikovia - Stipa steppe without Seriphidium maritimum; Alpine steppe dominated by grasses and flat cushions of Oxytropis spp.; on slopes.3000-4400 m; Distribution: Hindukush, Pamir, Karakoram.