Xanthium strumarium var. japonica (Widder) Hara
Stems 20-90 cm long, stout, pubescent, branched. Median cauline leaves chartaceous, ovate-deltoid, 9-25 cm long, apex acute, base shallowly cordate to broadly cuneate, margins irregularly dentate, often obsoletely 3-lobed, densely scabrous on both surfaces; petiole 3.5-10 cm long, not winged. Heads monoecious. Staminate heads in terminal umbels, involucral bracts in 1 series, oblong-lanceolate, 2.2 mm long; outer paleae oblong-lanceolate, inner paleae lanceolate, 2.2 mm long; corolla white, tubular, 2.5 mm long, 5-dentate. Pistillate heads axillary, involucral bracts in 1 series, oblong-lanceolate, 3 mm long, inner bracts connate with outer paleae. Utricles sessile, oblong, ellipsoid or ovoid, 10-18×6-12 mm, densely puberulent, 2-beaked, prickles 1.5-2 mm long.
TAIPEI: Nankang, Wang 717. HSINCHU: Lienhuassu, Wang 629; Chutung, Leu 529. MIAOLI: Tonghsiao, Peng 5445; Houlong, Peng 11580. TAICHUNG: Taan, Hsiao 1341. CHANGHUA: Hanpao, Yen 10203. NANTOU: Lienhuachih, Wu 47. TAINAN: Paiho, Yen 8867; Kantoushan, Peng 7087. PENGHU: Hsiyu Is., Yang 4854; Fengkuei, Loa 11. PINGTUNG: Maopitou, Peng 12535; Mutan, Wang 2102.
Eurasia and North America. Taiwan, river banks, seacoasts, and waste fields throughout the lowland.