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| 1 |
Heads ligulate; all florets perfect, ligulate; plant with milky juice. |
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Tribe. 11. Lactuceae |
| + |
Heads radiate, discoid florets perfect, tubular or bilabiate, outer florets pistillate or neutral; plant without milky juice. |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaves, at least lower ones, opposite. |
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(3) |
| + |
Leaves alternate. |
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(4) |
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| 3 (2) |
Heads discoid; florets white or purple, never yellow; receptacle naked. |
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Tribe 2. Eupatorieae |
| + |
Heads radiate; or if discoid, then florets yellow; receptacles paleaceous. |
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Tribe 5. Heliantheae |
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| 4 (2) |
Anthers conspicuously tailed or fimbriate at base; florets all tubullar. |
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(5) |
| + |
Anthers truncate, round, auriculate or sagittate, but not tailed at base. |
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(7) |
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| 5 (4) |
Style nodosely thickened below branches, often hispid; receptacle setaceous; plant (leaves and involucral bracts) often spiny. |
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Tribe 9. Cardueae |
| + |
Style uniformly slender below branches; receptacle glabrous or only short hairy; plant not spiny. |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Outer florets pistillate, filiform. |
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Tribe 4. Inuleae |
| + |
All florets bisexual and bilabiate or rarely with marginal florets ligulate. |
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Tribe 10. Mutisieae |
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| 7 (4) |
All florets bisexual and tubular, corolla white or purple. |
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Tribe 1. Vernonieae |
| + |
Outer florets usually pistillate, ligulate or filiform, or if all bisexual and tubular, then corolla yellow. |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Receptacle with numerous long bristles; pappus of scales ending in a long awn (in all species). |
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Tribe 6. Helenieae (Gaillardia) |
| + |
Receptacle without long bristles; pappus usually setaceous or reduced. |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Pappus none or of short connate scales; margins and apex of involucral bracts dry, scarious, translucent; plants mostly odoriferous. |
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Tribe 7. Anthemideae |
| + |
Pappus setaceous, or of scales, if wanting then involucral bracts not as above; plants mostly inodorous. |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Style branches with a lanceolate or triangular papillose apical appendage, stigmatic lines prominent, but not reaching apical appendage; involucre of 1-several series of imbricate bracts. |
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Tribe 3. Astereae |
| + |
Style branches truncate and fimbriate or otherwise, but not as above, stigmatic lines reaching apex; involucre of 1 series of equal bracts, with or without outer bracteoles (calyculate) at base. |
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Tribe 8. Senecioneae |
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