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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 11 | Euphorbiaceae

4. Bridelia Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 4: 978. 1806.

土蜜树属 tu mi shu shu

Authors: Bingtao Li & Stefan Dressler

Gentilia Beille.

Trees, shrubs, rarely woody lianas. Leaves simple, alternate, entire, pinnately veined, petiolate, stipulate. Flowers small, unisexual, monoecious, few to many flowers grouped into axile glomerules, pedicellate or sessile. Sepals 5, valvate. Petals 5, scale-shaped. Male flowers: stamens 5; filaments connate at base, forming staminal column, apical free and extended filaments surrounding rudimentary ovary; anthers dorsifixed, introrse, 2-loculed, parallel, longitudinally dehiscent; rudimentary ovary terete or obovate, sometimes conical, 2-4-fid at apex; disk cup-shaped or discoid. Female flowers: disk pulvinate or saucer-shaped lining flower with a conical or urceolate part, surrounding ovary, tearing as ovary expands; ovary 2-loculed; ovules 2 in each cell; styles 2, free or connate at base, bifid or entire at apex. Drupes or rarely capsules with fleshy epicarp, 1- or 2-celled (putamens). Seeds 1 or 2, with longitudinal groove; embryo curved; endosperm copious; cotyledons thin, large. x = 13.

About 60 species: tropical Africa, Asia, and Australia; seven species in China.


1 Leaves brochidodromous (without a distinct fimbrial vein, secondary veins arching near margin); drupes 1-locular; seeds ellipsoid with longitudinal groove (B. subg. Gentilia (Beille) Jablonsky)   (2)
+ Leaves craspedodromous (with a distinct fimbrial vein with secondary veins joining it); drupes 2-locular; seeds plano-convex (B. subg. Bridelia)   (3)
       
2 (1) Flowers pedicelled, many (up to 50); branchlets, abaxial surface of leaves, and petioles usually pubescent; leaves membranous or papery, stipules more than 3.5 mm.   6 B. glauca
+ Flowers (sub)sessile, fewer (up to 12); branchlets, leaves, and petioles glabrous; leaves stiffly papery or nearly leathery, margin often slightly revolute, stipules less than 3.5 mm.   7 B. balansae
       
3 (1) Woody lianas or scandent shrubs; calyx usually more than 6 mm in diam..   1 B. stipularis
+ Shrubs or trees; calyx usually less than 6 mm in diam   (4)
       
4 (3) Lateral veins in more than 15 pairs; inflorescence usually terminal, spikelike without normal leaves.   2 B. retusa
+ Lateral veins in less than 15 pairs; inflorescence axillary, subtended by normal leaves   (5)
       
5 (4) Lateral veins usually 5-8 pairs; small sparingly branched shrubs; leaves broadly elliptic or slightly obovate, small, drying blackish.   3 B. parvifolia
+ Lateral veins usually more than 8 pairs; erect shrubs or treelets; leaves lanceolate-elliptic, sometimes broadly elliptic, drying brownish and conspicuously bicolored with a lighter glaucous abaxial surface   (6)
       
6 (5) Calyx usually less than 4 mm in diam., greenish; leaf blade thinly papery; young branches often "whip-like" drooping.   4 B. tomentosa
+ Calyx usually more than 4 mm in diam., reddish; leaf blade stiffly papery.   5 B. affinis

Lower Taxa


 

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