| 1 |
Leaves simple |
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50 T. rotundifolium |
| + |
Leaves pinnately or ternately compound. |
|
(2) |
| |
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| 2 (1) |
Flowers unisexual or bisexual; stigma flagelliform, longer than ovary |
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58 T. smithii |
| + |
Flowers always bisexual, never unisexual; stigma never flagelliform, rarely longer than ovary. |
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(3) |
| |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaflets linear |
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19 T. foeniculaceum |
| + |
Leaflets ovate, obovate, or orbicular, often lobed. |
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(4) |
| |
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| 4 (3) |
Leaflets peltate; petiolule inserted above base |
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28 T. ichangense |
| + |
Leaflets not peltate; petiolule inserted at base. |
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(5) |
| |
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| 5 (4) |
Flowers solitary, axillary |
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60 T. squamiferum |
| + |
Flowers in few- to many-flowered, terminal inflorescences. |
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(6) |
| |
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| 6 (5) |
Inflorescence racemelike; leaves all basal |
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2 T. alpinum |
| + |
Inflorescence cymose; cauline leaves usually present. |
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(7) |
| |
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| 7 (6) |
Plants hairy. |
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(8) |
| + |
Plants glabrous. |
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(30) |
| |
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| 8 (7) |
Leaves densely branched stellate hairy adaxially |
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9 T. cirrhosum |
| + |
Leaves not as above. |
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(9) |
| |
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| 9 (8) |
Style reflexed or recurved, often hooded, stigma inconspicuous. |
|
(10) |
| + |
Style erect, never hooded, stigma conspicuous. |
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(19) |
| |
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| 10 (9) |
Achenes sessile or subsessile. |
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(11) |
| + |
Achenes stipitate. |
|
(14) |
| |
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|
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| 11 (10) |
Leaflets 3--8 cm |
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48 T. robustum |
| + |
Leaflets 1.2--3 cm. |
|
(12) |
| |
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| 12 (11) |
Leaflets glandular hairy |
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6 T. brevisericeum |
| + |
Leaflets pubescent, not glandular hairy. |
|
(13) |
| |
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| 13 (12) |
Anthers apically obtuse |
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76 T. yunnanense |
| + |
Anthers apically mucronate |
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54 T. scabrifolium |
| |
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| 14 (10) |
Sepals purplish, 10--15 mm |
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12 T. diffusiflorum |
| + |
Sepals white, 2--3 mm. |
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(15) |
| |
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| 15 (14) |
Inflorescence many flowered. |
|
(16) |
| + |
Inflorescence few flowered. |
|
(17) |
| |
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| 16 (15) |
Inflorescence paniculate; achene body 2--2.2 mm |
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69 T. uncinulatum |
| + |
Inflorescence racemelike, monochasial; achene body 8.5--11 mm |
|
23 T. fusiforme |
| |
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| 17 (15) |
Leaflets papery |
|
32 T. laxum |
| + |
Leaflets herbaceous. |
|
(18) |
| |
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| 18 (17) |
Leaflet veins flat; plants to 60 cm tall |
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49 T. rostellatum |
| + |
Leaflet veins raised abaxially, at least on larger leaflets; plants ca. 1 m tall |
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7 T. chayuense |
| |
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| 19 (9) |
Sepals reddish pink, 9--13 mm |
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46 T. reniforme |
| + |
Sepals white, 3--8 mm. |
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(20) |
| |
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| 20 (19) |
Filaments conspicuously dilated distally. |
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(21) |
| + |
Filaments uniformly linear or only slightly thickened distally. |
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(23) |
| |
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| 21 (20) |
Achene stipe equaling or longer than body |
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44 T. przewalskii |
| + |
Achene stipe obviously shorter than body. |
|
(22) |
| |
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| 22 (21) |
Styles conspicuous |
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15 T. fargesii |
| + |
Styles inconspicuous or very short |
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1 T. acutifolium |
| |
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| 23 (20) |
Leaves pubescent on both surfaces. |
|
(24) |
| + |
Leaves glabrous, at least adaxially. |
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(25) |
| |
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| 24 (23) |
Achenes 1--3; stigma not winged |
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72 T. viscosum |
| + |
Achenes 4--8; stigma winged |
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24 T. glandulosissimum |
| |
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| 25 (23) |
Inflorescence flat topped, few flowered. |
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(26) |
| + |
Inflorescence not flat topped, many flowered. |
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(27) |
| |
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| 26 (25) |
Achenes laterally compressed, crescent-shaped |
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73 T. wangii |
| + |
Achenes not laterally compressed, obliquely globose |
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65 T. tsawarungense |
| |
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| 27 (25) |
Stigma not winged. |
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(28) |
| + |
Stigma winged. |
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(29) |
| |
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| 28 (27) |
Pedicels pubescent |
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55 T. shensiense |
| + |
Pedicels glabrous |
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17 T. finetii |
| |
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| 29 (27) |
Stigma broadly winged, triangular; achenes laterally compressed, shortly hairy |
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20 T. foetidum |
| + |
Stigma narrowly winged, narrowly triangular; achenes only slightly laterally compressed, glabrous |
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10 T. cultratum |
| |
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| 30 (7) |
Basal leaves absent; cauline leaves ternate; inflorescence few flowered; sepals white |
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71 T. virgatum |
| + |
Basal leaves present or absent, when absent, cauline leaves 2--4-pinnately compound; inflorescence few to many flowered; sepals pink, blue, or white. |
|
(31) |
| |
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| 31 (30) |
Styles reflexed or recurved, often hooded, stigma inconspicuous. |
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(32) |
| + |
Styles erect, never hooded, stigma conspicuous or rarely inconspicuous. |
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(46) |
| |
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| 32 (31) |
Achenes stipitate. |
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(33) |
| + |
Achenes sessile or subsessile. |
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(37) |
| |
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| 33 (32) |
Achenes 6--12, crescent-shaped, strongly compressed |
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68 T. uncatum |
| + |
Achenes 10--50, fusiform, not strongly compressed. |
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(34) |
| |
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| 34 (33) |
Achenes 30--50 per flower |
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51 T. rubescens |
| + |
Achenes 10--25 per flower. |
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(35) |
| |
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| 35 (34) |
Achenes 7--9 mm |
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35 T. macrorhynchum |
| + |
Achenes 4--6 mm. |
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(36) |
| |
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| 36 (35) |
Leaflets leathery |
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70 T. urbainii |
| + |
Leaflets herbaceous |
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43 T. philippinense |
| |
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| 37 (32) |
Filaments filiform, sometimes weakly dilated distally . |
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(38) |
| + |
Filaments oblanceolate, ± enlarged distally. |
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(39) |
| |
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|
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| 38 (37) |
Plants 18--30 cm tall; carpels 25--70 |
|
53 T. saniculiforme |
| + |
Plants 9--15 cm tall; carpels 10--13 |
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56 T. simaoense |
| |
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|
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| 39 (37) |
Leaflets 3--8 mm |
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38 T. myriophyllum |
| + |
Leaflets more than 8 mm. |
|
(40) |
| |
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| 40 (39) |
Inflorescence a monochasium. |
|
(41) |
| + |
Inflorescence a panicle or pleiochasium. |
|
(43) |
| |
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| 41 (40) |
Monochasium elongate, racemelike, densely flowered |
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4 T. atriplex |
| + |
Monochasium not elongate, sparsely flowered. |
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(42) |
| |
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| 42 (41) |
Achenes 3--6, fusiform; sepals 3--4.5 mm; rootlets often enlarged |
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22 T. fortunei |
| + |
Achenes 8--16, narrowly ovoid; sepals ca. 2 mm; rootlets never enlarged |
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45 T. ramosum |
| |
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| 43 (40) |
Leaflets ovate, apex acute or shortly acuminate. |
|
(44) |
| + |
Leaflets cuneate, orbicular, or broadly ovate, apex rounded, truncate, or obtuse. |
|
(45) |
| |
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| 44 (43) |
Leaflets 3-lobed, base rounded or subcordate; achenes 3--6 |
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14 T. faberi |
| + |
Leaflets entire, base broadly cuneate; achenes 10--13 |
|
25 T. grandidentatum |
| |
|
|
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| 45 (43) |
Leaflets 3--7 cm |
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40 T. omeiense |
| + |
Leaflets 1.2--2.5 cm |
|
30 T. javanicum |
| |
|
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| 46 (31) |
Stigma not conspicuously thicker than style. |
|
(47) |
| + |
Stigma conspicuously thicker than style, often winged. |
|
(48) |
| |
|
|
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| 47 (46) |
Plants 20--30 cm tall; sepals pink, 13--20 × 5--10 mm; leaflet margin entire |
|
26 T. grandiflorum |
| + |
Plants 60--200 cm tall; sepals pale purple, 5.5--9(--12) × 2.2--4.5(--5) mm; leaflet margin 3-lobed |
|
11 T. delavayi |
| |
|
|
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| 48 (46) |
Distal cauline leaves with axillary buds |
|
8 T. chelidonii |
| + |
Distal cauline leaves without axillary buds. |
|
(49) |
| |
|
|
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| 49 (48) |
Filaments conspicuously enlarged distally. |
|
(50) |
| + |
Filaments linear or only slightly enlarged distally. |
|
(65) |
| |
|
|
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| 50 (49) |
Achenes sessile or subsessile. |
|
(51) |
| + |
Achenes stipitate. |
|
(55) |
| |
|
|
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| 51 (50) |
Inflorescence a sparsely flowered monochasium or 3- or 4-flowered cincinnus |
|
74 T. wuyishanicum |
| + |
Inflorescence a flat-topped, densely flowered pleiochasium. |
|
(52) |
| |
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|
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| 52 (51) |
Styles inconspicuous |
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47 T. reticulatum |
| + |
Styles conspicuous. |
|
(53) |
| |
|
|
|
| 53 (52) |
Filaments conspicuously broader than anthers |
|
42 T. petaloideum |
| + |
Filaments narrower than or as broad as anthers. |
|
(54) |
| |
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|
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| 54 (53) |
Leaflets 0.7--2.2 × 0.7--2.9 cm; styles 1.5--2 mm |
|
31 T. lancangense |
| + |
Leaflets 1--2.8 × 1--4.6 cm; styles 0.2--0.3 mm |
|
34 T. leve |
| |
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|
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| 55 (50) |
Cauline leaves 3--5, 3- or 4-pinnately ternate; styles conspicuous. |
|
(56) |
| + |
Cauline leaves 1 or 2, or absent, simple, ternate, or 2-ternate; styles inconspicuous. |
|
(60) |
| |
|
|
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| 56 (55) |
Achene stipe equaling or longer than achene. |
|
(57) |
| + |
Achene stipe 1--2 mm, shorter than achene. |
|
(58) |
| |
|
|
|
| 57 (56) |
Achenes obovoid, with 3 or 4 wings |
|
3 T. aquilegiifolium |
| + |
Achenes strongly compressed, wingless |
|
59 T. sparsiflorum |
| |
|
|
|
| 58 (56) |
Achenes ovoid or broadly ellipsoid |
|
5 T. baicalense |
| + |
Achenes fusiform. |
|
(59) |
| |
|
|
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| 59 (58) |
Achenes 2--5 |
|
15 T. fargesii |
| + |
Achenes 6--13 |
|
75 T. xingshanicum |
| |
|
|
|
| 60 (55) |
Cauline leaves 2, opposite, simple |
|
16 T. filamentosum |
| + |
Cauline leaves alternate, ternate or 2-ternate. |
|
(61) |
| |
|
|
|
| 61 (60) |
Achenes 1.5--1.8 mm |
|
36 T. microgynum |
| + |
Achenes 2--3 mm. |
|
(62) |
| |
|
|
|
| 62 (61) |
Inflorescence globose, few flowered; stamens 3--7; filaments narrower than anthers |
|
39 T. oligandrum |
| + |
Inflorescence flat topped, many flowered; stamens more than 10; filaments broader than anthers. |
|
(63) |
| |
|
|
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| 63 (62) |
Leaflets obovate or orbicular |
|
67 T. umbricola |
| + |
Leaflets ovate. |
|
(64) |
| |
|
|
|
| 64 (63) |
Rootlets with tubers; cauline leaves often opposite |
|
66 T. tuberiferum |
| + |
Rootlets without tubers; cauline leaves often alternate |
|
1 T. acutifolium |
| |
|
|
|
| 65 (49) |
Stigma wingless. |
|
(66) |
| + |
Stigma winged. |
|
(69) |
| |
|
|
|
| 66 (65) |
Inflorescence 1- or 2-flowered |
|
63 T. tenuisubulatum |
| + |
Inflorescence several to many flowered. |
|
(67) |
| |
|
|
|
| 67 (66) |
Inflorescence a racemelike pleiochasium; achenes reflexed |
|
52 T. rutifolium |
| + |
Inflorescence an elongated panicle; achenes erect. |
|
(68) |
| |
|
|
|
| 68 (67) |
Leaflets 1.5--4 mm |
|
13 T. elegans |
| + |
Leaflets 4.4--8.5 mm |
|
27 T. honanense |
| |
|
|
|
| 69 (65) |
Leaflets entire |
|
62 T. tenue |
| + |
Leaflets lobed or ± toothed. |
|
(70) |
| |
|
|
|
| 70 (69) |
Stigma elongate, narrowly winged |
|
33 T. leuconotum |
| + |
Stigma not elongate, broadly winged. |
|
(71) |
| |
|
|
|
| 71 (70) |
Leaflets 1.5--4 mm |
|
29 T. isopyroides |
| + |
Leaflets more than 6 mm. |
|
(72) |
| |
|
|
|
| 72 (71) |
Inflorescence spreading, slender; anther apex obtuse |
|
64 T. trichopus |
| + |
Inflorescence not spreading, stout; anther apex acute. |
|
(73) |
| |
|
|
|
| 73 (72) |
Panicles flat topped; achenes 5--6 mm |
|
61 T. squarrosum |
| + |
Panicles racemelike; achenes less than 4 mm. |
|
(74) |
| |
|
|
|
| 74 (73) |
Cauline leaves and inflorescence branches erect |
|
57 T. simplex |
| + |
Cauline leaves and inflorescence branches spreading. |
|
(75) |
| |
|
|
|
| 75 (74) |
Stigmas broadly winged, triangular. |
|
(76) |
| + |
Stigmas narrowly winged, linear or narrowly triangular. |
|
(78) |
| |
|
|
|
| 76 (75) |
Veins abaxially on leaflets raised |
|
37 T. minus |
| + |
Veins abaxially on leaflets flat. |
|
(77) |
| |
|
|
|
| 77 (76) |
Leaflets 0.6--1(--1.5) cm; achenes strongly compressed |
|
20 T. foetidum |
| + |
Leaflets 4--7 cm; achenes slightly compressed |
|
18 T. flavum |
| |
|
|
|
| 78 (75) |
Veins abaxially on leaflets flat; filaments weakly clavate |
|
41 T. osmundifolium |
| + |
Veins abaxially on leaflets raised; filaments filiform. |
|
(79) |
| |
|
|
|
| 79 (78) |
Achenes stipitate, body strongly compressed; leaflets abaxially powdery white when dry |
|
10 T. cultratum |
| + |
Achenes sessile, body slightly compressed; leaflets abaxially not powdery white when dry |
|
21 T. foliolosum |
