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3. Turpinia Ventenat, Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France. 1807(1): 3. Jul 1807, nom. cons., not Bonpland (Ap. 1807.
山香圆属 shan xiang yuan shu
Triceros Loureiro.
Trees or shrubs, evergreen or deciduous. Leaves opposite, exstipulate, odd-pinnately compound or simple; petiole constricted at tip; leaflet blades leathery, sometimes with stipels. Inflorescence a panicle, terminal or axillary. Flowers small, white, actinomorphic, bisexual, rarely unisexual. Sepals 5, imbricate, persistent. Petals 5, rounded, sessile, imbricate. Stamens 5, arranged at margin of disk; filaments flat. Floral disk conspicuous, margin undulate. Ovary sessile, 3-locular; styles 3, separate or united; stigmas capitate; ovules anatropous, numerous, arranged in 2 rows. Berry subglobose, indehiscent. Seed coat hard membranous or osseous.
Between 30 and 40 species: Asia, Central, North, and South America; 13 species (five endemic) in China.
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| 1 |
Leaves simple (rarely trifoliolate in T. subsessilifolia) |
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(2) |
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Leaves pinnately compound |
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(6) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaves/leaflets cordate at base. |
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1 T. subsessilifolia |
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Leaves not cordate at base |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Ovary and style pubescent |
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(4) |
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Ovary and style glabrous |
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(5) |
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| 4 (3) |
Flowers large, 8-10(-12) mm in diam.; leaf blade thickly papery, elliptic to oblong. |
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2 T. arguta |
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Flowers small, ca. 5.5 mm in diam.; leaf blade coriaceous, oblong to lanceolate. |
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3 T. formosana |
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| 5 (3) |
Inflorescence a racemose cyme; leaf blade with 12-14 lateral veins, prominent on both surfaces, blade yellowish green and shining adaxially when dry. |
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4 T. simplicifolia |
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Inflorescence a panicle; leaf blade with 8-10 lateral veins, prominent only abaxially, blade grayish green adaxially when dry, not shining. |
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5 T. indochinensis |
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| 6 (1) |
Lower part of style and ovary hirsute; fruit pubescent. |
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6 T. affinis |
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Style and ovary glabrous; fruit often glabrous |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Filaments pubescent. |
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7 T. ternata |
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Filaments glabrous |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Pericarp 2-5 mm thick or more |
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(9) |
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Pericarp 0.5-1(-1.5) mm thick |
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(10) |
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| 9 (8) |
Fruit 2-2.5 cm in diam.; leaflets 3-9, blades oblong-elliptic; flowers arranged loosely. |
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8 T. pomifera |
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Fruit ca. 1.7 cm in diam.; leaflets 1-3(-5), blades elliptic to ovate; flowers arranged into a compact inflorescence. |
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9 T. ovalifolia |
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| 10 (8) |
Seeds ca. 1 cm in diam.. |
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10 T. macrosperma |
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Seeds ca. 5 mm in diam |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Leaflets 3(or 4); peduncle with 2 deciduous bracts at apex. |
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11 T. robusta |
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Leaflets more than 3(or 4); peduncle without bracts at apex |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Leaflet blades papery or subcoriaceous, elliptic, 5-6 × 2-3 cm; inflorescence with flowers loosely arranged. |
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12 T. montana |
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Leaflet blades coriaceous, oblong, 10-12 × 2-4 cm; flowers arranged densely. |
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13 T. cochinchinensis |
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List of lower taxa
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Treatments in Other Floras @ www.efloras.org
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