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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 8 | Saxifragaceae | Saxifraga

4. Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae Haworth, Misc. Nat. 160. 1803.

山羊臭组 shan yang xiu zu

Hirculus Haworth.

Herbs mostly perennial, some possibly annual, biennial, or monocarpic perennial (suspected rather than demonstrated), forming erect individuals, cespitose clumps, cushions, or sprawling mats, lacking basal bulbils. Leaves alternate, very rarely opposite, petiolate or not; leaf blade herbaceous or carnose, lacking chalk glands and crystals, margin usually entire, occasionally toothed or lobed. Flowering stem usually leafy; inflorescence cymose or flower solitary. Flowers sometimes unisexual, actinomorphic, 5-merous. Petals usually yellow or orange, occasionally white, pink, or red, sometimes spotted orange, red, or purple, very often with callosities. Filaments subulate to linear; pollen 3-nucleate, exine tectum finely striate. Carpels connate for most of placental region, dehiscing distally in fruit; ovary subsuperior to subinferior. Integuments 2.

About 175 species: Asia, Europe, North America, mainly in arctic and montane regions; 166 species (112 endemic) in China.


1 Basal leaves caducous, mostly absent by anthesis.   (2)
+ Basal leaves persistent, mostly present at anthesis.   (7)
       
2 (1) Cauline leaves mostly distributed in proximal 2/3-3/4 of stem.   (3)
+ Cauline leaves distributed along stem as far as inflorescence.   (4)
       
3 (2) Sepals reflexed at anthesis; leaves usually glabrous adaxially   54 S. brachyphylla
+ Sepals erect at anthesis; leaves pubescent adaxially   55 S. peplidifolia
       
4 (2) Cyme congested, 1.5-2 cm.   (5)
+ Cyme lax, more than 5 cm, or flower solitary.   (6)
       
5 (4) Leaves sessile, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, base of median ones cordate   52 S. auriculata
+ Leaves sessile to subsessile, ovate, base rounded   53 S. bulleyana
       
6 (4) Pedicels glandular pilose   56 S. hypericoides
+ Pedicels glandular pilose, intermixed with a few brown, crisped, villous hairs   57 S. yezhiensis
       
7 (1) Basal leaves glabrous adaxially.   (8)
+ Basal leaves variously pilose adaxially.   (20)
       
8 (7) Pedicels glandular pilose, intermixed with brown, crisped, villous hairs   74 S. gonggashanensis
+ Pedicels glandular pilose.   (9)
       
9 (8) Cyme 2- or more flowered.   (10)
+ Flower solitary.   (13)
       
10 (9) Cyme racemiform, 2-14-flowered, flowers secund   64 S. nigroglandulifera
+ Cyme 2- or 3-flowered, flowers erect.   (11)
       
11 (10) Margin of sepals glabrous   83 S. nakaoides
+ Margin of sepals glandular ciliate.   (12)
       
12 (11) Sepals glabrous abaxially   84 S. heteroclada var. aurantia
+ Sepals glandular pilose abaxially   85 S. heterocladoides
       
13 (9) Flowering stem apparently leafless (cauline leaves, if present, immersed in basal foliage).   (14)
+ Flowering stem leafy.   (15)
       
14 (13) Petals 2-callose   65 S. diapensia
+ Petals not callose   66 S. caveana
       
15 (13) Apex of basal leaves aristulate   79 S. aristulata
+ Apex of basal leaves obtuse to acute.   (16)
       
16 (15) Petals at least 5.5 mm.   (17)
+ Petals to 4 mm.   (18)
       
17 (16) Sepals glabrous abaxially   S. heteroclada
+ Sepals glandular pilose abaxially   85 S. heterocladoides
       
18 (16) Petals obovate, 2-2.8 mm wide   80 S. lepidostolonosa
+ Petals elliptic to obovate, to 2 mm wide.   (19)
       
19 (18) Petals yellow; pedicels glandular pilose   82 S. subspathulata
+ Petals orange; pedicels usually glabrous, rarely sparsely glandular pilose   81 S. sublinearifolia
       
20 (7) Basal leaves with long (ca. 0.75 mm), slightly wavy, eglandular hairs adaxially and marginally.   (21)
+ Basal leaves shortly glandular pubescent or eglandular hispid adaxially.   (28)
       
21 (20) Sepals glabrous abaxially.   (22)
+ Sepals glandular pilose abaxially.   (24)
       
22 (21) Petals more than 1 cm   73 S. cordigera
+ Petals to 0.75 cm.   (23)
       
23 (22) Pedicels glabrous, very rarely with a very few glandular hairs   72 S. forrestii
+ Pedicels glandular pilose   70 S. chumbiensis
       
24 (21) Inflorescence corymbiform, 3-16-flowered   71 S. diffusicallosa
+ Inflorescence 2- or 3-flowered or flower solitary.   (25)
       
25 (24) Apex of basal and cauline leaves aristate   75 S. rizhaoshanensis
+ Apex of basal and cauline leaves obtuse to acute.   (26)
       
26 (25) Petals abaxially with a few glandular hairs proximally, base truncate, neither tapered nor contracted into a claw   69 S. subtsangchanensis
+ Petals glabrous, base tapered or contracted into a claw.   (27)
       
27 (26) Petals elliptic to obovate, 5-8 × 2.5-3.7 mm   68 S. tsangchanensis
+ Petals broadly elliptic to broadly obovate, 0.7-1.3 cm × 5-9 mm   67 S. nigroglandulosa
       
28 (20) Petals ovate or elliptic to obovate, to 2 × as long as wide.   (29)
+ Petals oblong to narrowly obovate, ca. 3 × as long as wide.   (32)
       
29 (28) Basal leaves eglandular hispid adaxially.   (30)
+ Basal leaves shortly glandular pubescent adaxially.   (31)
       
30 (29) Pedicels and sepals glandular pilose; cauline leaves lanceolate to oblong, ca. 1 mm wide   77 S. peraristulata
+ Pedicels and sepals glabrous; cauline leaves oblanceolate to ovate, 2-3 mm wide   76 S. glabricaulis
       
31 (29) Basal leaf blade ca. 1.5 mm wide; petals to 5 mm; pedicels 2-2.5 mm   78 S. linearifolia
+ Basal leaf blade ca. 2.5 mm wide; petals at least 6 mm; pedicels 3-14 mm   59 S. litangensis
       
32 (28) Basal leaves spatulate, without a ± well-defined petiole; inflorescence 2- or 3-flowered or flower solitary.   (33)
+ Basal leaves petiolate; inflorescence 2-14-flowered or flower solitary.   (34)
       
33 (32) Petals oblong, to 9 × 2.7 mm   62 S. lychnitis
+ Petals obovate, at least 10 × 4 mm   63 S. oresbia
       
34 (32) Apex of leaves aristate   60 S. cacuminum
+ Apex of leaves subobtuse.   (35)
       
35 (34) Basal leaf blade at least 1.5 cm; leaves subglabrous; flowers secund   64 S. nigroglandulifera
+ Basal leaf blade less than 1.5 cm; leaves glandular pubescent; flowers erect.   (36)
       
36 (35) Petals glabrous   58 S. pseudohirculus
+ Petals glandular pilose abaxially and marginally   61 S. yarlungzangboensis

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