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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 11 | Celastraceae | Euonymus

5. Euonymus sect. Euonymus

卫矛组 wei mao zu

Shrubs to small trees, sometimes shrublike or rarely climbing, evergreen or deciduous. Flowers usually 4-merous, occasionally 5-merous. Fruit rugose, without prickles and wings, not globose, opening by 4 or 5 lobes at maturity.

About 65 species: Asia, Europe, cultivated in Europe and North America; 37 species (19 endemic) in China.


1 Flowers large, more than 1 cm in diam.; disk large, 7-8 mm in diam., usually 3-12 ovules per cell   (2)
+ Flowers small, less than 1 cm in diam.; disk small, 2-5 mm in diam., usually 2 ovules per cell   (6)
       
2 (1) Flowers and fruit 5-merous   (3)
+ Flowers and fruit 4-merous   (4)
       
3 (2) Petals with obvious black or purple veins toward margin; leaf blade elliptic, less than 6 cm; capsule 1.2-1.6 cm.   84 E. tingens
+ Petals without black or purple veins; leaf blade linear to lanceolate, or obovate; capsule ca. 2.5 cm.   89 E. yunnanensis
       
4 (2) Capsule with 4 large winglike angles, up to 1 cm.   56 E. chengii
+ Capsule without wings, only angular   (5)
       
5 (4) Leaf blade usually long elliptic to oblong, or oblanceolate.   62 E. grandiflorus
+ Leaf blade usually ovate to elliptic, or obovate.   55 E. carnosus
       
6 (1) Leaf blade usually small, less than 6(-7) cm; branches and twigs tuberculate or black warty   (7)
+ Leaf blade usually large, more than 7 cm; branches and twigs smooth   (13)
       
7 (6) Leaf blade ovate, oblong, elliptic, or lanceolate, usually more than 1 cm wide   (8)
+ Leaf blade linear, oblong-linear, linear-elliptic, or linear-lanceolate, usually less than 1 cm wide   (10)
       
8 (7) Branches and twigs with tubercle or black warts; capsule subglobose.   86 E. verrucosus
+ Branches and twigs without tubercle or black warts; capsule oblong or pear-shaped   (9)
       
9 (8) Leaf blade thickly leathery, rotund-oblong; capsule wider than long.   76 E. percoriaceus
+ Leaf blade papery, lanceolate; capsule longer than wide, pear-shaped.   80 E. semenovii
       
10 (7) Branches and twigs terete; flowers pale yellow.   83 E. ternifolius
+ Branches and twigs with 4 corky wings; flowers white-green or greenish yellow   (11)
       
11 (10) Leaf blade linear, 2-4 × ca. 2 mm.   68 E. lichiangensis
+ Leaf blade linear-elliptic or linear-lanceolate, 2-7 × 2-20 mm   (12)
       
12 (11) Leaf blade linear-elliptic, 2-4 × 3-10 mm; flowers white-green or greenish yellow.   73 E. nanoides
+ Leaf blade linear-lanceolate, 2-7 × 2-20 mm; flowers white-green.   72 E. nanus
       
13 (6) Leaves deciduous   (14)
+ Leaves evergreen   (20)
       
14 (13) Flowers and fruit 5-merous.   58 E. dolichopus
+ Flowers and fruit 4-merous   (15)
       
15 (14) Young branches with narrow corky wings.   77 E. phellomanus
+ Young and old branches without wings   (16)
       
16 (15) Capsule with obscure angles   (17)
+ Capsule with strong angles and grooves   (18)
       
17 (16) Capsule apiculate; leaf blade apex acute or acuminate, margin crenate or serrate.   64 E. hui
+ Capsule without apiculus; leaf blade apex rounded, margin small crenate.   87 E. viburnoides
       
18 (16) Leaf blade smooth on both surfaces.   69 E. maackii
+ Leaf blade rugose on both surfaces   (19)
       
19 (18) Leaf blade 11-13(-15) cm, apex acute or acuminate.   63 E. hamiltonianus
+ Leaf blade 9-10 cm, apex rounded.   75 E. parasimilis
       
20 (13) Petals usually fimbriate to denticulate on margin   (21)
+ Petals entire   (22)
       
21 (20) Petals pink to red or purple, cymes 15-20 cm.   66 E. laxicymosus
+ Petals white to green, fimbriate, cymes up to 8 cm.   59 E. gibber
       
22 (20) Flowers and fruit 5-merous   (23)
+ Flowers and fruit 4-merous   (28)
       
23 (22) Leaf blade margin large denticulate; petals red-pink to black-purple, ca. 1 cm in diam..   57 E. chloranthoides
+ Leaf blade margin without large denticles; petals purple, white, cream, or greenish white to green   (24)
       
24 (23) Petals white, cream, or greenish white to green   (25)
+ Petals purple   (26)
       
25 (24) Leaf blade long lanceolate, leathery, margin finely remotely serrate.   85 E. tsoi
+ Leaf blade ovate, elliptic to oblong, margin distally crenulate, proximally entire.   60 E. glaber
       
26 (24) Leaf blade with serrate margin.   81 E. serratifolius
+ Leaf blade entire to crenulate to sparsely denticulate   (27)
       
27 (26) Leaf blade elliptic-obovate or ovate, 6-10 × 2.5-3.5 cm.   67 E. laxiflorus
+ Leaf blade long subulate or broadly linear, ca. 14 × 2 cm.   90 E. prismatomerioides
       
28 (22) Leaf blade narrowly elliptic, delicate.   61 E. gracillimus
+ Leaf blade variously ovate   (29)
       
29 (28) Veins curved or nearly arched; leaf blade elliptic to ovate   (30)
+ Veins pinnate; leaf blade lanceolate to oblong   (32)
       
30 (29) Leaf blade veins even with surface.   70 E. microcarpus
+ Leaf blade veins concave adaxially and prominent abaxially   (31)
       
31 (30) Leaf blade usually entire, sometimes slightly serrate toward apex.   54 E. bullatus
+ Leaf blade margin ciliate to sharply and finely denticulate.   82 E. tenuiserratus
       
32 (29) Leaf blade large, ca. 16 cm   (33)
+ Leaf blade small, less than 13 cm   (34)
       
33 (32) Leaf blade obovate-elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, 7-11 × 2.5-5 cm, margin large denticulate.   71 E. myrianthus
+ Leaf blade long lanceolate, 10-15 × ca. 3 cm, margin remotely serrulate.   79 E. salicifolius
       
34 (32) Capsule 2-2.8 cm.   88 E. wui
+ Capsule 0.8-1.7 cm   (35)
       
35 (34) Leaf blade thickly papery to thinly leathery; capsule more than 1.5 cm.   65 E. kachinensis
+ Leaf blade thickly leathery; capsule 0.8-1.7 cm   (36)
       
36 (35) Leaf blade narrowly lanceolate, acuminate or acute at both ends, pubescent on both surfaces; mature fruit pubescent.   78 E. pittosporoides
+ Leaf blade usually oblong to ovate, cordate or nearly so at base; leaf and fruit without pubescence.   74 E. nitidus

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