2. Fallopia dumetorum (L.) Holub in Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 6: 176. 1971; Hara et al., Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 174. 1982; Grierson & D.G.Long, Fl. Bhutan 1(1): 169. 1983. (Fig.16, A-D).
Polygonum dumetorum L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2: 522. 1762; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 24. 1886; Coode & Cullen in P.H.Davis, Fl. Turk. 2: 280. 1966; Schiman-Czeika & Rech.f., Fl. Iran. 56: 52. 1968; Kom., l.c. 695; R.R.Stewart, Ann. Cat. Vasc. Pl. W. Pak. & Kashm. 205. 1972; Bhopal & Chaudhri in Pak. Syst. 1(2): 70. 1977; Tinaria dumetora (L.) Nakai in Mori, Enum. Pl. Korea 136. 1922; Fagopyrum dumetorum (L.) Schreb. Spic. Fl. Lips. 42. 1771; Bilderdykia dumetorum (L.) Dumort., Fl. Belg. 18. 1827; D.A.Webb in Tutin et al., Fl. Europ. 1: 81. 1964; Munshi & Javeid, Syst. Stud. Polygon. Kashm. Himal. 81. 1986; Fagopyrum membranaceum Moench, Meth. 290. 1794.
Annual herbs, 50-200 cm long, twining, stem branched, smooth, angled. Leaves petiolate, petiole 5-30 mm long, blade 3-8 x 2-5 cm, ovate-cordate, acuminate, glabrous but somewhat puberulous on midribs, ochrea truncate, soon falling, 1-2 mm long. Flowers small, arranged in loose terminal racemes and also 2-5 flowered in axillary fascicles; pedicel 2-4 mm long, equalling the length of perianth, articulated below the middle. Bract small, elliptic to ovate. Perianth 5-cleft, outer 3, enlarging into coriaceous wings, along the midrib, 6-8 x 2-3 mm. Wings 1-1.5 mm broad, entire or toothed. Stamens 7-8 with short filaments and dorsifixed anthers. Ovary trigonous, styles short, stigmas capitate. Fruiting pedicel 6-8 mm long. Nut 2.5-3 mm long, black-dark brown, shining, faces concave.
Fl. Per.: May-September.
Type: Described from S. Europe, Hb. Linn. 510.40 (LINN).
Grows on walls in moist and shady places between 1800-4500 m; Distribution: Europe, Mediterrenean region N. & West Asia and Temperate Himalyas.
A fairly common species, easily differentiated by its winged fruits and smaller nuts.
