1	Leaves reniform or orbicular-reniform, cordate-reniform, or hastate, palmately or palmate-pinnately veined		(2)
+	Leaves variable in shape, pinnately or parallel veined		(21)
2 (1)	Capitula without ray florets; phyllaries apically rounded or obtuse		(3)
+	Capitula with ray florets; phyllaries apically acute or acuminate		(7)
3 (2)	Phyllaries petaloid, membranous, purplish red or rarely yellowish white, broadly elliptic or obovate-oblong, outside purplish red pilose, rarely white pilose, apex rounded		(4)
+	Phyllaries leaflike, herbaceous, dark brown, oblong or oblanceolate, outside glabrous or pilose, apex obtuse		(5)
4 (3)	Leaf margin regularly crenate or lobed.		1 C. campanulatum
+	Leaves palmatisect.		2 C. pinnatisectum
5 (3)	Phyllaries oblong, margin broadly brown membranous, apex entire; pappus shorter than tubular corolla; leaves glabrous, abaxially pale green, adaxially dark green.		3 C. calcicola
+	Phyllaries usually oblanceolate, margin not membranous, apex denticulate or erose; pappus as long as tubular corolla; leaves concolorous on both surfaces		(6)
6 (5)	Sheaths of stem leaves tubular, outside glabrous; phyllaries black, base shortly pilose, outside glabrous; pappus white.		4 C. atrocapitatum
+	Sheaths of stem leaves cucullate, outside white arachnoid-puberulent; phyllaries outside glabrous; pappus yellowish brown.		5 C. cucullatum
7 (2)	Ray lamina yellow, oblong to lanceolate, apex acuminate, rarely obtuse		(8)
+	Ray lamina purplish red or yellow, broadly oblanceolate or cuneate, apex truncate or rounded, 3-lobed, rarely 3-denticulate		(12)
8 (7)	Ray lamina oblong, apex acute or obtuse		(9)
+	Ray lamina ovate- or linear-lanceolate, apex acuminate or caudate		(10)
9 (8)	Leaves glabrous, with conspicuous white reticulate veins on both surfaces or at least abaxially; involucre outside initially shortly pilose, glabrescent; ray lamina apically obtuse.		6 C. smithianum
+	Leaves abaxially brown pilose, without reticulate veins; involucre outside brown pilose; ray lamina apically acute.		7 C. decaisnei
10 (8)	Ray lamina linear-lanceolate, membranous, transparent; pappus as long as tubular corolla; leaves angular dentate.		8 C. stenoglossum
+	Ray lamina ovate-lanceolate, not transparent; pappus shorter than to as long as tubular corolla; leaves crenate or coarsely dentate		(11)
11 (10)	Pappus brown, shorter than tubular corolla; leaves green on both surfaces, margin crenate.		9 C. citriflorum
+	Pappus yellowish brown, as long as tubular corolla; leaves abaxially pale green, adaxially green, margin coarsely dentate.		10 C. pulchrum
12 (7)	Ray lamina purple; pappus white		(13)
+	Ray lamina yellow; pappus white or brown		(15)
13 (12)	Leaves palmatipartite; tubular florets purplish red.		11 C. palmatum
+	Leaf margin regularly crenate; tubular florets yellow or purplish red		(14)
14 (13)	Leaves abaxially densely white arachnoid-pilose; tubular florets yellow; styles proximally yellowish white, distally blackish gray, as long as tubular corolla.		12 C. farreri
+	Leaves abaxially sparsely pilose; tubular florets purplish red, styles purplish red, 2-2.5 cm, longer than tubular corolla.		13 C. rhodocephalum
15 (12)	Leaves cordate-reniform or hastate		(16)
+	Leaves reniform or orbicular-reniform		(18)
16 (15)	Stem simple; leaves hastate, leaf margin usually entire or sparsely irregularly dentate; pappus as long as tubular corolla.		18 C. forrestii
+	Stems several; leaves cordate-reniform to hastate, leaf margin dentate; pappus shorter than tubular corolla		(17)
17 (16)	Leaves cordate-reniform; involucre ca. 20 mm; pappus brown, ca. 4 mm, much shorter than tubular corolla.		19 C. medogense
+	Leaves cordate-reniform to hastate; involucre 30-32 mm; pappus yellowish, 7-8 mm, slightly shorter than tubular corolla.		20 C. latilobum
18 (15)	Plants slender; leaves thin, margin angular dentate; ray lamina apically rounded, denticulate; pappus white.		14 C. reniforme
+	Plants robust; leaves thick, margin regularly dentate; ray lamina apically truncate, 3- or 4-lobed		(19)
19 (18)	Stem leaves with bulbil inside sheaths; pappus white.		15 C. bulbilliferum
+	Stem leaves without bulbil inside sheaths; pappus brown		(20)
20 (19)	Basal leaves glabrous; petiole glabrous or distally brown pilose; petiole of stem leaves enlarged into leaf blade, margin sharply dentate; pappus shorter than tubular corolla.		16 C. phyllodineum
+	Basal leaves abaxially shortly black pilose along veins; petiole glabrous; petiole of stem leaves sheathlike, margin entire; pappus as long as tubular corolla.		17 C. thomsonii
21 (1)	Leaves bluish green or grayish green, linear to broadly elliptic, parallel or straight veined		(22)
+	Leaves green or differently colored on both surfaces, lanceolate to oblong, pinnately veined		(27)
22 (21)	Involucre outside densely brown or purplish brown pilose; leaves lanceolate to elliptic		(23)
+	Involucre outside glabrous; leaves linear to oblanceolate		(25)
23 (22)	Capitulum solitary, without ray florets.		21 C. angustifolium
+	Capitula 1-13, in raceme or solitary, with ray florets; lamina membranous, transparent, linear-lanceolate, 25-70 × 1.5-5 mm, apex acuminate		(24)
24 (23)	Leaflike bracts linear to lanceolate, herbaceous, green.		22 C. brunneopilosum
+	Leaflike bracts ovate, membranous, yellowish white.		23 C. stenactinium
25 (22)	Ray lamina linear-lanceolate, to 4 cm, apex acuminate or absent; leaves linear to linear-lanceolate, usually 2-5 mm wide, rarely to 30 mm wide.		24 C. lineare
+	Ray lamina oblong, elliptic, or oblanceolate, 12-16 × 3-6 mm, apex obtuse or truncate; leaves oblong or oblanceolate to linear, 2-11 mm wide		(26)
26 (25)	Leaves linear, 2-3.5 mm wide, margin revolute, entire, apex rounded.		25 C. bhutanicum
+	Leaves oblong or oblanceolate, 6-11 mm wide, margin remotely denticulate, apex acute.		26 C. conaense
27 (21)	Ray lamina broadly oblanceolate or cuneate, apex truncate, lobed		(28)
+	Ray lamina elliptic or lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, apex acute or acuminate		(31)
28 (27)	Leaves pinnatipartite to pinnatisect		(29)
+	Leaf margin entire or dentate, rarely lobed		(30)
29 (28)	Leaves ovate, lobes narrowly lanceolate, 10-30 × 1-4 mm; involucre glabrous.		27 C. dissectum
+	Leaves oblong, lobes oblong, 4-8 × ca. 1 mm; involucre blackish pilose.		28 C. pinnatifidum
30 (28)	Leaves spatulate, margin triangularly dentate or denticulate, base truncate; pappus white; stem densely white pilose.		29 C. sino-oblongatum
+	Leaves hastate or ovate-cordate, margin entire to lobed or crenate, base cordate; pappus pale brown; stem glabrous.		30 C. trilobum
31 (27)	Plants greenish gray or bluish green, glabrous, usually mealy; stem leaves numerous, erect, adnate, tubular-amplexicaul or only base amplexicaul		(32)
+	Plants green, hairy, at least stem distally and involucre at base, rarely glabrous		(41)
32 (31)	Leaflike bracts as leaf blade, usually surrounding involucre; ray lamina narrowly lanceolate, apex acuminate		(33)
+	Leaflike bracts linear, not surrounding involucre		(34)
33 (32)	Leaves ovate-elliptic to broadly elliptic, base cuneate.		31 C. helianthus
+	Leaves narrowly elliptic or spatulate, base gradually narrowed.		32 C. suave
34 (32)	Capitula 5-10, in raceme; ray lamina 5-7 mm, slightly longer than involucre; pappus pale yellow, 2-3 mm, ca. 1/2 as long as tubular corolla		(35)
+	Capitulum solitary; ray lamina longer than involucre; pappus white or pale yellow		(36)
35 (34)	Basal leaves broadly elliptic, base gradually narrowed into a narrowly winged petiole; stem leaves apically obtuse.		33 C. botryocephalum
+	Basal leaves broadly spatulate-oblong, base gradually narrowed into a broadly winged petiole; stem leaves apically acuminate.		34 C. spathulifolium
36 (34)	Leaves petiolate; petiole 3-11 cm, slender; leaf blade oblong or elliptic, base rounded		(37)
+	Leaves sessile or shortly petiolate; leaf blade ovate or lingulate-spatulate; ray lamina apically acuminate; pappus white, as long as tubular corolla		(39)
37 (36)	Pappus white, as long as tubular corolla; ray lamina apically acuminate.		35 C. glaucum
+	Pappus much shorter than tubular corolla or absent; ray lamina apically obtuse, acute, or acuminate		(38)
38 (37)	Pappus absent; ray lamina apically acuminate.		36 C. bupleurifolium
+	Pappus pale yellow, 1-2 mm, 1/5-1/2 as long as tubular corolla; ray lamina apically acute or obtuse.		37 C. brachychaetum
39 (36)	Leaves lingulate-spatulate, base gradually narrowed into a broad petiole.		38 C. lingulatum
+	Leaves ovate or cordate, base cordate, narrowly petiolate		(40)
40 (39)	Leaves ovate; petiole glabrous.		39 C. yadongense
+	Leaves cordate; petiole brown pilose.		40 C. cordatum
41 (31)	Phyllaries in 1 row, equal in size, base united, cupular		(42)
+	Phyllaries in 2 rows, separate, outer narrow, inner broad, outside glabrous or hairy		(47)
42 (41)	Leaves 12-15 × 6-9 cm; petiole 15-30 cm; capitula 3, in corymb-raceme, long pedunculate; involucre outside black pilose; ray lamina linear-lanceolate.		41 C. petiolatum
+	Leaves 0.7-6 × 1-4 cm, shortly petiolate; capitulum solitary; involucre outside black or white pilose; ray lamina oblong		(43)
43 (42)	Ray lamina as long as involucre or tubular florets; phyllaries apically rounded; leaves abaxially white pilose		(44)
+	Ray lamina longer than involucre; phyllaries apically acute or acuminate; leaves glabrous or abaxially pilose		(45)
44 (43)	Outer florets radiate; lamina yellow, as long as involucre.		42 C. nanum
+	Outer florets radiate or narrowly tubular, as long as tubular florets in center; lamina white, smaller or absent; slender tubular florets with short corolla.		43 C. microglossum
45 (43)	Plants with rosette leaves; underground stems absent; leaves glabrous, margin revolute.		44 C. microphyllum
+	Plants without rosette leaves; leaves all stem, abaxially densely white pilose, adaxially glabrous; underground stem rhizomelike, with scale leaves		(46)
46 (45)	Leaf margin entire to shallowly dentate.		45 C. humile
+	Leaf margin pinnately laciniate; segments linear-oblong.		46 C. laciniatum
47 (41)	Ray florets absent; involucre outside densely dark brown pilose; leaves abaxially greenish white, adaxially dark green, margin entire.		47 C. discoideum
+	Ray florets present, if ray florets absent or with short lamina then involucre outside blackish gray pilose; leaf margin coarsely dentate		(48)
48 (47)	Capitula large; ray lamina tapelike, narrowly lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, usually 2-4 × as long as involucre, apex acuminate		(49)
+	Capitula small; ray lamina oblong, elliptic to linear, often 1-2 × as long as involucre		(56)
49 (48)	Leaves densely hairy, oblong, obovate to orbicular; involucre outside white and black pilose		(50)
+	Leaves glabrous, variable in shape; involucre outside blackish purple-brown or white pilose, rarely glabrous		(51)
50 (49)	Leaves densely white pilose, base narrowed into a broadly winged petiole; capitula 1-4, solitary or in corymb-raceme.		48 C. obovatum
+	Leaves densely shortly white pilose, base rounded, narrowly petiolate; capitulum solitary.		49 C. puberulum
51 (49)	Leaf base cordate or truncate		(52)
+	Leaf base cuneate		(54)
52 (51)	Leaves ovate, base cordate, margin entire; ray lamina linear-lanceolate, 2-5 mm wide; pappus white.		50 C. prattii
+	Leaves triangular or sagittate, margin dentate; ray lamina broadly lanceolate, 6-9 mm wide; pappus pale brown		(53)
53 (52)	Leaves concolorous on both surfaces, triangular, 6-13 cm, base truncate.		51 C. delavayi
+	Leaves abaxially pale green, adaxially dark green, sagittate, 1.5-3 cm, base cordate.		52 C. sagittifolium
54 (51)	Involucre outside purplish red or white pilose; stem glabrous; leaves abaxially pale green, adaxially green, broadly lanceolate, margin coarsely dentate.		53 C. daochengense
+	Involucre outside brown or dark brown pilose; stem shortly black pilose; leaves glabrous or yellow pilose, obovate or broadly elliptic, margin subentire or denticulate		(55)
55 (54)	Leaves glabrous, margin subentire.		54 C. nobile
+	Leaves yellow pilose, margin denticulate or subentire.		55 C. pilosum
56 (48)	Capitula 2-13, in raceme; stem leaves normal; plants robust, tall		(57)
+	Capitulum solitary, rarely 3; stem leaves bracteal, ovate-oblong to linear; plants dwarf		(59)
57 (56)	Involucre outside black pilose; ray lamina broadly elliptic; stem leaves ovate.		56 C. arnicoides
+	Involucre outside white pilose; ray lamina oblong; stem leaves oblong or ovate-oblong		(58)
58 (57)	Leaves herbaceous, white arachnoid-puberulent, scarcely veined; stem leaves with sheath amplexicaul; peduncles equal, to 1 cm; raceme not spreading.		57 C. chungdienense
+	Leaves leathery, glabrous, prominently veined; stem leaves not amplexicaul; peduncles unequal, 2-6 cm; raceme spreading.		58 C. coriaceum
59 (56)	Pappus brown; leaf base cordate		(60)
+	Pappus white; leaf base usually cuneate, truncate, or rounded, if base cordate then involucre outside shortly black pilose		(62)
60 (59)	Basal leaves ovate-cordate or ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate; involucre broadly campanulate; ray lamina linear.		59 C. potaninii
+	Basal leaves ovate-cordate to orbicular-cordate or squarelike; involucre hemispheric; ray lamina oblong		(61)
61 (60)	Leaves small, leathery, nitid, conspicuously reticulate veined.		60 C. cyclaminanthum
+	Leaves large, herbaceous, scarcely reticulate veined, abaxially glabrous or brown pilose along veins.		61 C. principis
62 (59)	Involucre outside shortly black pilose or glabrous; leaf base cordate or rounded; ray lamina slightly longer than involucre		(63)
+	Involucre outside white or blackish gray pilose, rarely glabrous; leaf base usually cuneate, rarely truncate		(65)
63 (62)	Leaves thin, often purplish red, scarcely reticulate veined.		62 C. purpureifolium
+	Leaves thick, green, conspicuously prominently reticulate veined		(64)
64 (63)	Basal leaves reticulate veined on both surfaces; capitula sometimes 3; ray lamina broadly elliptic.		63 C. nervosum
+	Basal leaves abaxially reticulate veined; capitulum solitary; ray lamina oblong.		64 C. nepalense
65 (62)	Basal leaves narrowly petiolate; petiole densely pilose, not winged; stem leaves numerous, linear, erect, margin entire; involucre outside glabrous; ray lamina slightly longer than involucre, apex truncate.		65 C. variifolium
+	Basal leaves broadly petiolate; petiole winged, glabrous or hairy, sometimes enlarged into a leaflike blade; stem leaves ovate-oblong to lanceolate, margin dentate; ray lamina 2-3 × as long as involucre, apex acute		(66)
66 (65)	Involucre outside glabrous, phyllaries narrowly lanceolate, apex acuminate.		66 C. pseudo-oblongatum
+	Involucre outside densely hairy, phyllaries lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, apex acute or obtuse		(67)
67 (66)	Involucre outside white arachnoid-puberulent.		67 C. oblongatum
+	Involucre outside blackish gray pilose		(68)
68 (67)	Leaves and petiole glabrous.		68 C. ellisii
+	Leaves and petiole densely glandular pilose.		69 C. glandulipilosum