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7. Taxillus Tieghem, Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 42: 256. 1895.
钝果寄生属 dun guo ji sheng shu
Shrubs parasitic, most young parts usually with dense stellate and/or verticillate hairs, rarely glabrous (in T. delavayi). Leaves opposite or alternate, pinnately veined. Inflorescences axillary, umbels or rarely short, irregular racemes, 2-5-flowered; 1 bract subtending each flower, usually scale-like. Flowers bisexual, 4[or 5]-merous, zygomorphic. Calyx ellipsoid or ovoid, rarely subglobose, base not attenuate, limb annular, entire or denticulate, persistent. Mature flower bud tubular, tip ellipsoid or ovoid. Corolla sympetalous, slightly curved, basal portion ± inflated, split along 1 side at anthesis, lobes all reflexed toward the side away from the split. Stamens inserted at base of corolla lobes; filaments short to almost absent; anthers 4-loculed, sometimes multilocellate. Pollen grain trilobate or semilobate in polar view. Ovary 1-loculed; placentation basal. Style filiform, 4- or 5-angled; stigma usually capitate. Berry ellipsoid or ovoid, rarely globose, exocarp leathery, verrucose or granular, rarely smooth, pubescent or glabrous, base rounded.
About 25 species: S and SE Asia; 18 species (nine endemic) in China.
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| 1 |
Corolla glabrous; leaves alternate or a few fascicled on short shoots. |
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(2) |
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Corolla hairy, hairs sometimes closely adpressed to surface; leaves opposite or subopposite, rarely alternate, not fascicled. |
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(5) |
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| 2 (1) |
Young branchlet glabrous, usually distinctly angular; leaf blade ovate or elliptic to lanceolate, 1.5-2 cm wide; berry ellipsoid; usually parasitic on broad-leaved trees and shrubs, rarely on Keteleeria evelyniana. |
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1 T. delavayi |
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Young branchlet densely stellately hairy, becoming glabrous, terete; leaf blade linear to subspatulate or oblong, 0.3-1.5 cm wide; berry ovoid or subglobose; always parasitic on species of Pinaceae. |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaf blade 3-5 × 0.7-1.5 cm; inflorescences 4-6-flowered; berry smooth. |
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4 T. renii |
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Leaf blade 1.5-3.5 × 0.3-1.2 cm; inflorescences 2- or 3-flowered; berry granulose. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Calyx glabrous; berry reddish brown. |
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2 T. kaempferi |
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Calyx tomentose; berry purple. |
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3 T. caloreas |
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| 5 (1) |
Corolla 3.5-4.2 cm. |
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(6) |
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Corolla 1.2-3.5 cm. |
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(7) |
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| 6 (5) |
Leaf blade ± glabrous when fully expanded, 2.5-6 × 1.5-3.5 cm. |
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15 T. balansae |
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Leaf blade persistently tomentose abaxially, 10-12 × 5-6 cm. |
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9 T. umbellifer |
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| 7 (5) |
Leaf blade abaxially persistently tomentose. |
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(8) |
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Leaf blade ± glabrous when fully expanded; corolla exterior [mostly] with adpressed stellate hairs. |
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(12) |
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| 8 (7) |
Corolla exterior pubescent with adpressed stellate hairs; inflorescences subumbellate racemes, axis short but usually distinct. |
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12 T. sutchuenensis |
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Corolla exterior pilose with dense verticillate hairs; inflorescences umbels or subumbels. |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Corolla lobes lanceolate; tip of bud ellipsoid. |
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13 T. thibetensis |
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Corolla lobes spatulate; tip of bud ovoid. |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Corolla (1.8-)2-2.2 cm; inflorescences (1 or)2(or 3)-flowered; berry ovoid, ca. 6 × 4 mm. |
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18 T. levinei |
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Corolla 1.2-1.8(-2.3) cm; inflorescences 2-5-flowered; berry ellipsoid, 7-8 mm. |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Inflorescences subumbellate with short rachis, 2-5-flowered; berry scabrid. |
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16 T. nigrans |
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Inflorescences umbellate, 2- or 3-flowered; berry granulose. |
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17 T. vestitus |
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| 12 (7) |
Corolla 1.5-2 cm. |
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(13) |
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Corolla 2-3.5 cm. |
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(14) |
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| 13 (12) |
Young branchlets brownish gray tomentose; berry 7-8 mm, verrucose or verruculose. |
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5 T. theifer |
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Young branchlet and leaf densely yellowish or reddish brown stellate hairy; berry ca. 4 mm, granulose, not verrucose. |
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10 T. pseudochinensis |
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| 14 (12) |
Tip of mature bud not enlarged. |
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11 T. tsaii |
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Tip of mature bud distinctly enlarged, ovoid or ellipsoid to subglobose. |
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(15) |
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| 15 (14) |
Pedicel 6-7 mm; indumentum predominently reddish brown. |
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14 T. chinensis |
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Pedicel 3-5 mm; indumentum predominently deep brown or yellowish brown. |
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(16) |
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| 16 (15) |
Berry granulose, not verrucose. |
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8 T. sericus |
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Berry verrucose or verruculose. |
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(17) |
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| 17 (16) |
Young branchlet yellowish brown or deep brown tomentose; corolla 2.7-3.5 cm. |
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6 T. limprichtii |
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Young branchlet, leaf, and corolla with dense, deep brown stellate and verticillate hairs; corolla 2.2-2.8 cm. |
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7 T. liquidambaricola |
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List of lower taxa
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