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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 13 | Araliaceae | Panax

1. Panax japonicus (T. Nees) C. A. Meyer, Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg. 1: 340. 1843.

竹节参 zhu jie shen

Panax japonicus

Credit: Harvard University Herbaria

Herbs, 50-80(-100) cm tall. Rootstock horizontal, flagellate or moniliform. Stem straight, glabrous. Leaves 3-5, verticillate at apex of stem, palmately compound; petiole base without stipule or stipulelike appendages; leaflets 5, obovate-elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 5-18 × 2-6.5 cm, membranous, both surfaces sparsely setose on veins, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, margin serrulate or biserrate, apex acuminate or long acuminate. Inflorescence a solitary, terminal umbel 50-80(or more)-flowered; peduncle 12-21 cm, glabrous or slightly pubescent; pedicels 7-12 mm. Filaments shorter than petals. Ovary 2-5-carpellate; styles 2-5, united to middle. Fruit red, subglobose, 5-7 mm in diam.; seeds 2-5, white, triangular-ovoid, 3-5 × 2-4 mm. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Jul-Sep.

Forests, forests in valleys; 1200-3600 m. S Anhui, N Fujian, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, N India, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Nepal, NE Thailand, Vietnam].

All four varieties are used medicinally.


1 Rootstock flagellate, resembling rhizome of bamboo   (2)
+ Rootstock moniliform or moniliform-mounded   (3)
       
2 (1) Leaflets obovate-elliptic to oblong, 2.5-3 × as long as wide, apex long acuminate.   1a var. japonicus
+ Leaflets narrowly lanceolate, ca. 5 × as long as wide, apex long caudate-acuminate.   1b var. angustifolius
       
3 (1) Rootstock moniliform; leaflets obovate-elliptic to elliptic, not pinnatifid.   1c var. major
+ Rootstock moniliform-mounded, rarely like knot of bamboo; leaflets 2-pinnatifid.   1d var. bipinnatifidus


 

Related Objects  
  • Image/JPEG (Harvard University Herbaria)
  • Image/JPEG

    Photos by The Biodiversity of the Hengduan Mountains Project  
  • Image/JPEG (Richard H. Ree)
  • Image/JPEG
  • Image File (David E. Boufford)
  • Image/JPEG

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