| 1 |
Fruiting pedicels erect in basal 2/3, curved at apex |
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(2) |
| + |
Fruiting pedicels recurved from base |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Corolla pale to golden yellow; inner petals distinctly dark tipped; leaves 2-3 × pinnate. |
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238 C. scaberula |
| + |
Corolla pale purple to purplish red, rarely pale yellow; inner petals not distinctly dark tipped; leaves 1-2 × pinnate. |
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237 C. glycyphyllos |
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| 3 (1) |
Flowers blue to purple |
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(4) |
| + |
Flowers yellow |
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(21) |
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| 4 (3) |
Cauline leaves simply pinnate, or rarely innermost pinnae again divided; pinnae lanceolate-acute (cf. also |
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168 C. milarepa, roots unknown; stem leafy at base). |
| + |
Cauline leaves bi- to triternate or bi- to tripinnate |
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(10) |
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| 5 |
Storage roots distinctly set off on long thin stalks |
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(6) |
| + |
Storage roots sessile or with indistinct stalks |
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(8) |
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| 6 (5) |
Leaflets stiff, adaxially glossy dark green, abaxially with stiff 1-celled hairs on veins (Sichuan, NW Yunnan). |
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205 C. eugeniae |
| + |
Leaflets slightly fleshy, glaucous, glabrous |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Bracts entire (N Sichuan). |
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207 C. degensis |
| + |
Bracts divided (S Xizang). |
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196 C. sherriffii |
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| 8 (5) |
Spur broadly conical, 5-7 mm. |
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209 C. lathyrophylla |
| + |
Spur longer |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Cauline leaves stiff, adaxially glossy, with narrow leaflets; bracts entire to divided. |
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203 C. atuntsuensis |
| + |
Cauline leaves soft, glaucous, with elliptic leaflets; bracts entire, much shorter than pedicels. |
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197 C. kuruchuensis |
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| 10 (4) |
Racemes capitate; spur shorter than inner petals, downcurved. |
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208 C. brachyceras |
| + |
Racemes not capitate or spur longer |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Capsule with lines of dense papillae |
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(12) |
| + |
Capsule glabrous |
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(15) |
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| 12 (11) |
Corolla white, at least in early anthesis. |
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235 C. trachycarpa |
| + |
Corolla purple to slate purplish blue |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Radical leaves bipinnate with 3 or 4 primary pinnae; upper petal 22-30 mm. |
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234 C. calcicola |
| + |
Radical leaves bi- to tripinnate; upper petal shorter |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Leaves with 4-8 primary pinnae; upper petal 17-22 mm with spur 9-14 mm. |
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232 C. lhorongensis |
| + |
Leaves with 3 or 4 pinnae; upper petal 12-13 mm with spur ca. 6 mm. |
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276 C. striatocarpa |
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| 15 (11) |
Cauline leaves stalked, bi- to triternate with stalked leaflets; stems slender |
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(16) |
| + |
Cauline leaves bi- to tripinnate; stems slender or short |
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(17) |
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| 16 (15) |
Spur (4-)5-7 mm, narrow, straight. |
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188 C. lupinoides |
| + |
Spur 16-18 mm, downcurved. |
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189 C. dorjii |
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| 17 (15) |
Stems 10-15 cm; plant of alpine scree |
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(18) |
| + |
Stems 20-60 cm |
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(19) |
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| 18 (17) |
Spur ca. 18 mm; bracts entire. |
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233 C. dolichocentra |
| + |
Spur 8-10 mm; bracts divided. |
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236 C. nubicola |
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| 19 (17) |
Spur 12-13 mm. |
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226 C. tsayulensis |
| + |
Spur 14-17 mm |
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(20) |
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| 20 (19) |
Corolla light blue. |
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225 C. nemoralis |
| + |
Corolla dark purple. |
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227 C. porphyrantha |
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| 21 (3) |
Cauline leaves simple |
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(22) |
| + |
Cauline leaves compound |
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(23) |
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| 22 (21) |
Racemes 10-30-flowered; inner petals black tipped; bracts 5-20 mm. |
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191 C. juncea |
| + |
Racemes 2-6-flowered; inner petals pale; bracts 15-50 mm. |
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192 C. pseudojuncea |
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| 23 (21) |
Storage roots with thin simple or branched stalks at least 10 mm (sometimes only stalks present in herbarium specimens) |
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(24) |
| + |
Storage roots not or indistinctly stalked, or stalks shorter than 8 mm |
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(32) |
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| 24 (23) |
Cauline leaves pinnatifid, not cut quite to midvein, lower segments often again divided. |
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219 C. delavayi |
| + |
Leaves pinnately to ternately divided with discrete leaflets |
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(25) |
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| 25 (24) |
Cauline leaves ternate to biternate or bipinnate; stem branched |
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(26) |
| + |
Cauline leaves once pinnate; stem simple (rarely branched) |
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(28) |
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| 26 (25) |
Spur of upper petal 11-12 mm; plant 40-65 cm; racemes 9-25-flowered. |
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223 C. jiulongensis |
| + |
Spur of upper petal 5-8 mm; plant 10-35 cm; racemes 2-9-flowered |
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(27) |
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| 27 (26) |
Cauline leaves stalked; leaflets divided into obovate to oblanceolate lobes. |
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224 C. homopetala |
| + |
Cauline leaves sessile; leaflets linear to narrowly lanceolate. |
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193 C. lowndesii |
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| 28 (25) |
Raceme 10-25-flowered; spur 6-9 mm |
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(29) |
| + |
Raceme 4-10-flowered |
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(30) |
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| 29 (28) |
Spur upwardly directed, broadly conical. |
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206 C. prattii |
| + |
Spur of upper petal horizontal. |
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194 C. polygalina |
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| 30 (28) |
Inner petals 6-7 mm; spur 6-9 mm. |
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194 C. polygalina |
| + |
Inner petals 8-10 mm; spur 7-12 mm |
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(31) |
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| 31 (30) |
Bracts entire. |
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204 C. mayae |
| + |
Lower bracts divided. |
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205 C. eugeniae |
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| 32 (23) |
Most bracts divided |
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(33) |
| + |
Bracts entire or lowermost sometimes divided; stem usually simple (but sometimes branched in C. kingdonis, C. quinquefoliolata, C. sophronitis, and C. trisecta) |
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(44) |
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| 33 (32) |
Cauline leaves simply pinnate with narrow entire leaflets; stems simple |
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(34) |
| + |
Cauline leaves more divided; stem branched, rarely simple |
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(36) |
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| 34 (33) |
Crest of outer petals broad, rounded, much overtopping apex; spur strongly sigmoidally curved, 12-15 mm. |
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199 C. rheinbabeniana |
| + |
Crest of outer petals not overtopping apex; spur straight to slightly curved, 8-11 mm |
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(35) |
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| 35 (34) |
Leaflets glossy green adaxially, stiff; storage roots oblong. |
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203 C. atuntsuensis |
| + |
Leaflets glaucous, soft; storage roots fusiform. |
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202 C. linarioides |
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| 36 (33) |
Ovary and fruit with lines of papillae |
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(37) |
| + |
Fruit glabrous |
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(39) |
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| 37 (36) |
Spur of upper petal 15-18 mm, tapering to narrow apex. |
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231 C. chamdoensis |
| + |
Spur shorter |
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(38) |
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| 38 (37) |
Spur of upper petal 12-14 mm. |
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230 C. temolana |
| + |
Spur of upper petal 8-10 mm. |
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229 C. stramineoides |
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| 39 (36) |
Racemes ± corymbose; lower pedicels 10-25 mm; stems 5-15 cm above soil surface |
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(40) |
| + |
Racemes elongate; lower pedicels 5-12 mm; stems 15-65 cm above soil surface |
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(42) |
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| 40 (39) |
Upper petal entire; crest attenuate to both ends; spur tapering to acute apex; plant glabrous. |
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220 C. tenuipes |
| + |
Upper petal dentate; crest broadly obtuse, ± dentate; spur cylindric; plant usually papillose-hairy |
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(41) |
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| 41 (40) |
Spur 10-11 mm, slightly upturned. |
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239 C. petrodoxa |
| + |
Spur 6-9 mm, downcurved at apex. |
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221 C. oligosperma |
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| 42 (39) |
Racemes lax, 5-7-flowered; spur 7-8 mm. |
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224 C. homopetala |
| + |
Racemes dense, 10-30-flowered; spur longer |
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(43) |
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| 43 (42) |
Spur 14-16 mm, cylindric, usually strongly recurved; stems usually simple, erect; corolla pale yellow. |
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222 C. pseudodensispica |
| + |
Spur tapering to apex, 8-13 mm; stems branched, ascending to suberect; corolla bright yellow, with darker veins. |
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228 C. densispica |
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| 44 (32) |
Spur of upper petal 5-8 mm |
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(45) |
| + |
Spur of upper petal 9-20 mm |
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(53) |
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| 45 (44) |
Inner petals tipped with contrasting dark purple |
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(46) |
| + |
Inner petals pale at apex |
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(47) |
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| 46 (45) |
Cauline leaves pinnate, sessile; leaflets linear. |
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210 C. helodes |
| + |
Cauline leaves biternate, shortly stalked; leaflets lanceolate. |
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190 C. kingdonis |
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| 47 (45) |
Crest of upper petal broad, clearly overtopping apex |
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(48) |
| + |
Crest not overtopping apex, or absent |
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(50) |
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| 48 (47) |
Lower petal conspicuously saccate; bracts sharply reflexed in fruit. |
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215 C. gaoxinfeniae |
| + |
Lower petal not or slightly saccate; bracts not sharply reflexed in fruit |
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(49) |
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| 49 (48) |
Spur broad, cylindric, straight; stems simple. |
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214 C. linearis |
| + |
Spur slender, tapering, curved; stem ± branched. |
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200 C. sophronitis |
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| 50 (47) |
Upper petal ca. 13 mm |
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(51) |
| + |
Upper petal 15-17 mm |
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(52) |
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| 51 (50) |
Outer petals without crest; stigma square. |
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218 C. mediterranea |
| + |
Outer petals crested; stigma much broader than long with distinct marginal papillae, geminate papillae lacking or indistinct. |
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195 C. quinquefoliolata |
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| 52 (50) |
Leaflets linear to narrowly lanceolate, stiff, glossy green adaxially. |
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203 C. atuntsuensis |
| + |
Leaflets broadly elliptic, fleshy, glaucous. |
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198 C. trisecta |
| |
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| 53 (44) |
Lower petal not or very slightly saccate |
|
(54) |
| + |
Lower petal broadly saccate |
|
(57) |
| |
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| 54 (53) |
Leaflets glossy green adaxially, stiff; storage roots oblong. |
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203 C. atuntsuensis |
| + |
Leaflets glaucous, soft; storage roots fusiform |
|
(55) |
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| 55 (54) |
Spur of upper petal tapering to apex, 8-10 mm. |
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198 C. trisecta |
| + |
Spur of upper petal cylindric |
|
(56) |
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| 56 (55) |
Stem 8-20 cm; bracts obovate, 2-9 mm wide; upper petal 22-27 mm. |
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201 C. cristata |
| + |
Stem 10-50 cm; bracts linear-lanceolate, 1-3 mm wide; upper petal 16-23 mm. |
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202 C. linarioides |
| |
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| 57 (53) |
Bracts sharply reflexed in fruit; spur slightly to strongly downcurved |
|
(58) |
| + |
Bracts not sharply reflexed in fruit; spur sigmoidally curved to straight |
|
(59) |
| |
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|
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| 58 (57) |
Spur slightly downcurved, tapering, 11-15 mm; leaflets of cauline leaves 2-5 mm wide. |
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216 C. feddeana |
| + |
Spur strongly curved, cylindric, 15-20 mm; leaflets 3-14 mm wide. |
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217 C. pseudocristata |
| |
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|
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| 59 (57) |
Inner petals pale; leaflets linear, 20-50 mm. |
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213 C. sigmoides |
| + |
Inner petals with contrasting dark purple apex; ultimate leaflets shorter |
|
(60) |
| |
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|
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| 60 (59) |
Spur attenuate to thin apex; cauline leaves biternate. |
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211 C. lopinensis |
| + |
Spur cylindric or slightly attenuate; cauline leaves tripinnate. |
|
212 C. bijiangensis |
