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3. Saussurea Subg. Theodorea Cassini, Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris. 1818: 168. 1818.
附片风毛菊亚属 fu pian feng mao ju ya shu
Theodorea (Cassini) Cassini.
Herbs, biennial or perennial. Stems usually tall, many branched, leafy. Capitula usually numerous to very numerous, in a corymbiform or paniculiform synflorescence. Phyllaries imbricate, margin sometimes dentate, all or only middle and inner phyllaries with colored and membranous or green and herbaceous apical appendage; appendage sometimes inconspicuous or apex spiniform-acuminate. Receptacle with subulate or filiform bristles. Corolla limb deeply cleft (more than 2/3-4/5), usually gland-dotted. Achene smooth or ribbed, sometimes wrinkled, glabrous or gland-dotted, without a conspicuous apical crown. Pappus white, straw-colored, or pale brown, always in 2 rows; outer bristles scabrid or rarely plumose.
Twenty species: China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan; Europe; 17 species (seven endemic) in China.
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| 1 |
Phyllaries without a conspicuous appendage, apex cartilaginous, spiniform, and usually reflexed |
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(2) |
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Phyllaries with a ± widened, membranous, or callose-serrulate appendage, apex not spiniform but sometimes needlelike or ± long acuminate |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Capitula numerous; plants biennial or perennial, without woody caudex. |
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66 S. malitiosa |
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Capitulum solitary; plants perennial, with a stout woody caudex. |
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67 S. jurineoides |
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| 3 (1) |
Phyllaries or at least inner ones with a small herbaceous callose-serrulate apical appendage |
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(4) |
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Phyllaries or at least inner ones with a purple membranous apically widened but sometimes inconspicuous appendage |
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(6) |
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| 4 (3) |
Leaf blade undivided, margin entire. |
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72 S. chinnampoensis |
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Leaf blade pinnatisect, pinnately lobed, or margin sinuate-lobate |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Leaf blade adaxially green, sparsely pubescent, abaxially pale grayish green, sparsely arachnoid; inner phyllaries apically not barbellate. |
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70 S. nematolepis |
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Leaf blade green, concolorous, sparsely strigose; inner phyllaries apically densely barbellate. |
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71 S. ladyginii |
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| 6 (3) |
Outer phyllaries with an apical cartilaginous mucro |
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(7) |
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Outer phyllaries without an apical cartilaginous mucro |
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(11) |
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| 7 (6) |
Plants biennial. |
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68 S. pseudomalitiosa |
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Plants perennial |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Stems wingless or wing inconspicuous. |
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62 S. runcinata |
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Stems conspicuously winged |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Basal leaves bipinnately parted; apex of outer phyllaries reflexed. |
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63 S. laciniata |
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Basal leaves pinnately parted to undivided; apex of outer phyllaries not or barely reflexed |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Basal leaves lyrate-pinnately lobed to undivided and with sinuate-dentate or subentire margin. |
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64 S. grubovii |
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Basal leaves pinnately lobed or pinnately parted. |
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65 S. alata |
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| 11 (6) |
Outer phyllaries with a long needlelike recurved apex. |
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60 S. robusta |
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Outer phyllaries without a needlelike apex |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Involucre cylindric, narrowly obconic, or narrowly campanulate; outer phyllaries without a membranous appendage |
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(13) |
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Involucre globose, ovoid, or campanulate; all phyllaries usually with a membranous appendage |
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(15) |
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| 13 (12) |
Stem usually wingless. |
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56 S. amara |
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Stem winged |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Middle and upper stem leaves ovate, base amplexicaul, margin entire and undivided. |
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57 S. chingiana |
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Middle and upper stem leaves narrowly elliptic to linear, base not amplexicaul, margin pinnately lobed or dentate. |
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61 S. prostrata |
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| 15 (12) |
Involucre globose, 10-15 mm in diam.; phyllary appendages showy, 2-3 mm wide, usually overlapping. |
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59 S. pulchella |
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Involucre campanulate, 4-10 mm in diam.; phyllary appendages not showy, 1-2 mm wide, not overlapping |
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(16) |
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| 16 (15) |
Stem usually wingless; involucre cylindric to narrowly campanulate; outer phyllaries sometimes without an appendage. |
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58 S. japonica |
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Stem narrowly winged; outer phyllaries with an appendage |
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(17) |
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| 17 (16) |
Involucre tubular to narrowly campanulate, 4-6 mm in diam.; capitula numerous in a large corymbiform synflorescence. |
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58 S. japonica |
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Involucre campanulate, 8-10 mm in diam.; capitula solitary or few at branch ends. |
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69 S. pinnatidentata |
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List of lower taxa
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