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Pakistan | Family List | Orchidaceae

13. Habenaria C. L. Willd., Sp. Pl. ed. 4, 4:44. 1805. Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6:131.1890; J. Renz in Rech.f., Fl. Iran. 126:60.1978.

J. RENZ

Habenaria digitata
Image/JPEG

Terrestrial plants with entire globose or oblong tuberoids. Stem slender or stout with several to many cauline or 1-2 basal leaves. Inflorescence one to many-flowered. Flowers very variable in size and form, resupinate, mainly green or white, rarely yellow or rose. Perianth segments free; dorsal sepal and petals usually forming a hood over the column; lateral sepals spreading or reflexed. Petals entire or parted in two, sometimes the anterior segment fimbriate or laciniate or only tooth-like. Labellum with basal nectariferous spur, entire, 3-lobed or 3-5-partite, side-lobes occasionally fimbriate or pectinate. Column very variable in structure; anther erect; pollinia 2, sectile; anther-cells with distinct, ± long anther-canals, enclosing the caudicles, each attached to a naked viscid gland; staminodes granular, usually rather small; rostellum trilobed, mid-lobe ± prominent between the anther-cells; stigmata 2, on separate, distinct processes.

A large cosmopolitan and very polymorphous genus, distributed in temperate and mainly in tropical regions with c.800 species. 8 species are represented in Pakistan.


1 Leaves basal or crowded just above base of stem   (2)
+ Leaves cauline   (3)
       
2 (1) Leaves 2, basal, prostrate, dull green with paler spots. Labellum green   1 Habenaria aitchisonii
+ Leaves 2-5, crowded above base of stem, bright-green, conspicuously pale yellow margined. Labellum yellow   7 Habenaria marginata
       
3 (1) Petals 2-parted   2 Habenaria digitata
+ Petals entire   (4)
       
4 (3) Labellum entire   (5)
+ Labellum 3-parted or 3-lobed   (6)
       
5 (4) Petals yellow, forming a hood with dorsal sepal. Labellum yellow. Spur upturned, usually with apical part hooked, 15-25 mm long   3 Habenaria edgeworthii
+ Petals green, spreading. Labellum green, sometimes yellowish-green. Spur deflexed, 10-15 mm long   6 Habenaria latilabris
       
6 (4) Side lobes of labellum entire   4 Habenaria furcifera
+ Side lobes of labellum fringed   (7)
       
7 (6) Flowers very large, c.5-7 cm in diameter. Spur more than 5 cm long, exceeding ovary. Anther-canals 5-6 mm long   5 Habenaria intermedia
+ Flowers smaller, c.2.5-3 cm in diameter. Spur less than 3 cm long, ± equalling ovary. Anther canals c. 3 mm long   8 Habenaria pectinata

Lower Taxa

Related Synonym(s):


 

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