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13. Habenaria C. L. Willd., Sp. Pl. ed. 4, 4:44. 1805. Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6:131.1890; J. Renz in Rech.f., Fl. Iran. 126:60.1978.
J. RENZ
Terrestrial plants with entire globose or oblong tuberoids. Stem slender or stout with several to many cauline or 1-2 basal leaves. Inflorescence one to many-flowered. Flowers very variable in size and form, resupinate, mainly green or white, rarely yellow or rose. Perianth segments free; dorsal sepal and petals usually forming a hood over the column; lateral sepals spreading or reflexed. Petals entire or parted in two, sometimes the anterior segment fimbriate or laciniate or only tooth-like. Labellum with basal nectariferous spur, entire, 3-lobed or 3-5-partite, side-lobes occasionally fimbriate or pectinate. Column very variable in structure; anther erect; pollinia 2, sectile; anther-cells with distinct, ± long anther-canals, enclosing the caudicles, each attached to a naked viscid gland; staminodes granular, usually rather small; rostellum trilobed, mid-lobe ± prominent between the anther-cells; stigmata 2, on separate, distinct processes.
A large cosmopolitan and very polymorphous genus, distributed in temperate and mainly in tropical regions with c.800 species. 8 species are represented in Pakistan.
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| 1 |
Leaves basal or crowded just above base of stem |
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(2) |
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Leaves cauline |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaves 2, basal, prostrate, dull green with paler spots. Labellum green |
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1 Habenaria aitchisonii |
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Leaves 2-5, crowded above base of stem, bright-green, conspicuously pale yellow margined. Labellum yellow |
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7 Habenaria marginata |
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| 3 (1) |
Petals 2-parted |
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2 Habenaria digitata |
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Petals entire |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Labellum entire |
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(5) |
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Labellum 3-parted or 3-lobed |
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(6) |
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| 5 (4) |
Petals yellow, forming a hood with dorsal sepal. Labellum yellow. Spur upturned, usually with apical part hooked, 15-25 mm long |
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3 Habenaria edgeworthii |
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Petals green, spreading. Labellum green, sometimes yellowish-green. Spur deflexed, 10-15 mm long |
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6 Habenaria latilabris |
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| 6 (4) |
Side lobes of labellum entire |
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4 Habenaria furcifera |
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Side lobes of labellum fringed |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Flowers very large, c.5-7 cm in diameter. Spur more than 5 cm long, exceeding ovary. Anther-canals 5-6 mm long |
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5 Habenaria intermedia |
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Flowers smaller, c.2.5-3 cm in diameter. Spur less than 3 cm long, ± equalling ovary. Anther canals c. 3 mm long |
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8 Habenaria pectinata |
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Lower Taxa
Related Synonym(s):
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