| 1 |
Calyx equally 4-lobed or unequally 5-lobed (i.e., with one lobe conspicuously smaller than others) |
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(2) |
| + |
Calyx equally 5-lobed |
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(7) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaves sessile |
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(3) |
| + |
Leaves petiolate |
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(4) |
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| 3 (2) |
Plants diffuse, to 8 cm tall; leaf blade lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, glabrous. |
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1 J. demissa |
| + |
Plants usually erect, to 100 cm tall; leaf blade oblong to broadly ovate, pubescent. |
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2 J. mollissima |
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| 4 (2) |
Leaf blade linear, to 5 mm wide. |
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3 J. neolinearifolia |
| + |
Leaf blade ovate to elliptic to subcircular, usually wider than 5 mm |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Bracts obovate-elliptic, broadest at or above middle, 2-3 mm wide. |
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6 J. hayatae |
| + |
Bracts ovate to elliptic-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, mostly broadest near base, 0.6-1.3 mm wide |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Spikes dense and cylindric, ± densely pubescent. |
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4 J. procumbens |
| + |
Spikes neither dense nor cylindric, sparsely pubescent. |
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5 J. diffusa |
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| 7 (1) |
Flowers in axillary abbreviated spikes, spikes ca. 1 cm, usually solitary or several clustered |
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(8) |
| + |
Flowers in terminal or axillary elongated spikes (or racemes or panicles), or in axillary cymes, or in thyrses of 3-flowered cymes |
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(22) |
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| 8 (7) |
Leaf blade glabrous |
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(9) |
| + |
Leaf blade ± pubescent (sometimes glabrous or only pubescent along veins in J. quadrifaria) |
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(11) |
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| 9 (8) |
Leaf blade linear to linear-lanceolate. |
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7 J. neesiana |
| + |
Leaf blade ovate to broadly elliptic (rarely lanceolate) |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Bracts subcircular. |
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8 J. kwangsiensis |
| + |
Bracts lanceolate. |
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9 J. alboviridis |
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| 11 (8) |
Corolla ca. 2 cm. |
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10 J. wardii |
| + |
Corolla less than 1.5 cm |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Bracts linear, lanceolate, or ovate, broadest at base, 1-veined |
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(13) |
| + |
Bracts ovate to circular to elliptic to obovate to spatulate-obovate, broadest above base, pinnately veined |
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(14) |
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| 13 (12) |
Bracts 2-3 mm. |
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20 J. siccanea |
| + |
Bracts 5-6 mm. |
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21 J. xantholeuca |
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| 14 (12) |
Leaf blade (2-)5.5-11.5 cm |
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(15) |
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Leaf blade 0.8-7(-10.5) cm |
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(16) |
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| 15 (14) |
Bracts ovate to obovate, with 3-4 mm petiole, apex obtuse; calyx 5-6 mm. |
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17 J. quadrifaria |
| + |
Bracts obovate to circular, with 1-2 mm petiole, apex retuse or rounded; calyx ca. 1 cm. |
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18 J. kouytcheensis |
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| 16 (14) |
Leaf blade adaxially glabrous. |
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13 J. xylopoda |
| + |
Leaf blade adaxially pubescent at least when young |
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(17) |
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| 17 (16) |
Leaf blade sparsely pubescent, soon glabrescent or abaxially pilose along midvein. |
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11 J. championii |
| + |
Leaf blade hispid, or densely grayish or white or yellowish pubescent |
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(18) |
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| 18 (17) |
Bracts circular to subcircular. |
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16 J. hainanensis |
| + |
Bracts not circular (sometimes subcircular in J. xerobatica and J. xerophila) |
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(19) |
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| 19 (18) |
Corolla white |
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(20) |
| + |
Corolla whitish yellow, yellow, or yellowish green |
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(21) |
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| 20 (19) |
Stems yellow pilose; leaf blade 3-5 mm wide. |
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12 J. xerophila |
| + |
Stems minutely white sericeous; leaf blade 5-8 mm wide. |
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19 J. xerobatica |
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| 21 (19) |
Stems villous. |
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14 J. albovelata |
| + |
Stems sericeous. |
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15 J. yunnanensis |
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| 22 (7) |
Flowers in terminal thyrses of 3-flowered cymes; both anther thecae spurred at base. |
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22 J. grossa |
| + |
Flowers in spikes or axillary cymes; only lower anther theca spurred at base |
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(23) |
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| 23 (22) |
Corolla 2.5-3 cm. |
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23 J. adhatoda |
| + |
Corolla 2.2 cm or less |
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(24) |
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| 24 (23) |
Flowers in axillary cymes. |
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24 J. vagabunda |
| + |
Flowers in terminal or axillary spikes (or panicles of spikes), or sometimes in racemes |
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(25) |
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| 25 (24) |
Bracts (at least lower ones) longer than calyx |
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(26) |
| + |
Bracts equaling or shorter than calyx |
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(30) |
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| 26 (25) |
Bracts 1-1.5 cm. |
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25 J. ventricosa |
| + |
Bracts to 1 cm |
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(27) |
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| 27 (26) |
Leaf blade narrowly lanceolate, to 1.5 cm wide; basal bracts longer than calyx then gradually smaller with apicalmost ones shorter than calyx. |
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26 J. gendarussa |
| + |
Leaf blade lanceolate to ovate to elliptic to subcircular, often wider than 1.5 cm; all bracts longer than calyx |
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(28) |
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| 28 (27) |
Spikes interrupted; flowers distant on rachis; corolla yellow with purplish spots. |
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27 J. pseudospicata |
| + |
Spikes continuous; flowers dense on rachis; corolla pale white or yellowish green with purplish red dots or stripes |
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(29) |
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| 29 (28) |
Leaf blade margin entire; bracts ovate to elliptic, basally pale green and purplish red above middle, apex acuminate. |
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28 J. latiflora |
| + |
Leaf blade margin entire or crenate; bracts broadly obovate or flabellate, green, apex acuminate to obtuse and mucronate with 1-3 teeth. |
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29 J. austrosinensis |
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| 30 (25) |
Leaves sessile |
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(31) |
| + |
Leaves petiolate |
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(32) |
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| 31 (30) |
Leaf blade oblanceolate to rarely lanceolate, 8-17 × 2.5-6.5 cm, abaxially rust-colored when dry. |
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30 J. ferruginea |
| + |
Leaf blade obovate, 15-26 × 7.5-15 cm, abaxially dark green when dry. |
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31 J. panduriformis |
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| 32 (30) |
Leaf blade base cordate to truncate |
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(33) |
| + |
Leaf blade base (rounded to) cuneate to attenuate |
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(34) |
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| 33 (32) |
Flowers usually 1 per rachis node; stems 4-angled; calyx ca. 4 mm; calyx and corolla pubescent with gland-tipped trichomes outside. |
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32 J. lianshanica |
| + |
Flowers usually 2-5 per rachis node; stems terete; calyx ca. 2 mm; calyx and corolla pubescent with non-glandular trichomes outside. |
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33 J. cardiophylla |
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| 34 (32) |
Stems short; leaves in a basal rosette. |
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34 J. austroguangxiensis |
| + |
Stems elongated; leaves cauline |
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(35) |
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| 35 (34) |
Flowers more than 1 per rachis node |
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(36) |
| + |
Flowers 1 per rachis node |
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(38) |
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| 36 (35) |
Shrubs to 2 m tall; leaf blade (2-)3-5.5 × 1.5-2.5 cm; inflorescences unbranched spikes. |
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36 J. microdonta |
| + |
Herbs to 1 m tall; leaf blade 4-12.5(-18) × 2.5-6.5(-8) cm; inflorescences unbranched or branched |
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(37) |
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| 37 (36) |
Leaf blade 10.5-12.5(-18) × 5-6.5(-8) cm; flowers in spikes. |
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35 J. leptostachya |
| + |
Leaf blade 4-9 × 2.5-4.5 cm; flowers in spiciform racemes (pedicel ca. 1 mm). |
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37 J. damingensis |
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| 38 (35) |
Calyx lobes elliptic-lanceolate, apex obtuse or rounded. |
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38 J. amblyosepala |
| + |
Calyx lobes linear to lanceolate or narrowly triangular, apex acute |
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(39) |
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| 39 (38) |
Stems sharply 4-angled, slightly winged along angles. |
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39 J. acutangula |
| + |
Stems subterete to 4-angled, wingless |
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(40) |
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| 40 (39) |
Corolla tube 2-3 × as long as limb. |
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40 J. patentiflora |
| + |
Corolla tube less than 2 × as long as limb |
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(41) |
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| 41 (40) |
Calyx puberulent on both surfaces. |
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41 J. poilanei |
| + |
Calyx glabrous adaxially |
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(42) |
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| 42 (41) |
Leaf blade lanceolate, broadest below middle, 4.3-5 cm wide; bracts ca. 1.5 mm. |
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42 J. kampotiana |
| + |
Leaf blade elliptic to obovate-elliptic, broadest at or above middle, 1.2-4.2 cm wide; bracts 3-4 mm. |
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43 J. caudatifolia |
