1 |
Upper lip of corolla laterally compressed, orange pubescent on inside margin; middle lobe of lower lip broadly ovate, lateral lobes smaller, lanceolate |
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1 Phlomis fruticosa |
+ |
Upper lip of corolla galeate, not compressed, densely long barbate on inside margin; lateral lobes of lower lip of corolla only slightly smaller than middle lobe, obtuse. |
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(2) |
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2 (1) |
Style equally 2-cleft at apex |
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2 Phlomis cuneata |
+ |
Style unequally 2-cleft at apex. |
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(3) |
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3 (2) |
Plants with basal rosette of leaves. |
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(4) |
+ |
Plants without basal leaf rosette, only stem leaves present. |
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(24) |
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4 (3) |
Posterior filaments without appendages at base. |
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(5) |
+ |
Posterior filaments with appendages at base. |
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(9) |
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5 (4) |
Plants less than 5 cm tall; leaves ovate to lanceolate, stellate hairy |
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22 Phlomis pygmaea |
+ |
Plants more than 5 cm tall. |
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(6) |
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6 (5) |
Plants glabrous leaf and calyx margin ciliate; corolla purple-black to pink; nutlets glabrous |
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23 Phlomis atropurpurea |
+ |
Plants uniformly hairy. |
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(7) |
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7 (6) |
Bracts densely brown ciliate; verticillasters close together or separate; nutlets glabrous |
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18 Phlomis tibetica |
+ |
Bracts densely white villous (except in P. oreophila var. evillosa with bracts stellate pannose). |
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(8) |
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8 (7) |
Stems retrorse appressed villous; all verticillasters approximate; nutlets stellate puberulent at apex |
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5 Phlomis oreophila |
+ |
Stems stellate puberulent; at least basal verticillasters separate; nutlets glabrous |
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6 Phlomis chinghoensis |
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9 (4) |
Nutlets hairy. |
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(10) |
+ |
Nutlets glabrous. |
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(18) |
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10 (9) |
Floral leaves subverticillate, ovate to broadly triangular-ovate; plants ca. 10 cm tall |
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14 Phlomis uniceps |
+ |
Floral leaves not arranged as above; plants taller. |
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(11) |
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11 (10) |
Abaxial leaf surface with unbranched hairs or subglabrous. |
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(12) |
+ |
Abaxial leaf surface with stellate hairs. |
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(14) |
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12 (11) |
Leaves cordate, crenate, with unbranched hairs on both surfaces |
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3 Phlomis alpina |
+ |
Leaves triangular to ovate, cordate at base, irregularly coarsely crenate, adaxially sparsely hispid or glabrous, abaxially glabrous or hispid on veins, or hispid on both surfaces. |
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(13) |
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13 (12) |
Verticillasters 1, terminal; spines of calyx teeth 4-5.5 mm |
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12 Phlomis kansuensis |
+ |
Verticillasters 3-10, on upper part of stems and branches; spines of calyx teeth 1.8-2.5 mm |
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10 Phlomis tuberosa |
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14 (11) |
Leaves with stellate hispid and simple hairs, or with stellate strigose and simple hairs. |
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(15) |
+ |
Leaves with simple hairs adaxially. |
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(16) |
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15 (14) |
Basal leaves lanceolate-oblong to narrowly oblong, adaxially with stellate strigose and simple hairs, abaxially stellate tomentulose |
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8 Phlomis younghusbandii |
+ |
Basal leaves ovate-triangular to triangular-lanceolate, adaxially stellate hispid with long central arms and simple hairs, or sparsely hispid to subglabrous, abaxially sparsely to densely stellate pilose |
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13 Phlomis mongolica |
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16 (14) |
Bracts lanceolate or narrow lanceolate |
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15 Phlomis maximowiczii |
+ |
Bracts linear, needlelike, or linear-subulate. |
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(17) |
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17 (16) |
Stems simple or branched; bracts slightly shorter than calyx; calyx densely stellate puberulent outside |
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11 Phlomis agraria |
+ |
Stems many branched; bracts subequal to calyx; calyx sparsely stellate puberulent to hispid outside |
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17 Phlomis medicinalis |
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18 (9) |
Basal leaves early deciduous; stem leaves hastate-ovate, appressed pilose |
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21 Phlomis pararotata |
+ |
Basal leaves persistent; stem leaves narrowly to broadly ovate. |
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(19) |
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19 (18) |
Basal leaves broadly cordate, ca. 14 × 12 cm, sparsely strigose and corrugate adaxially |
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7 Phlomis koraiensis |
+ |
Leaves smaller, triangular, triangular-ovate, cordate-ovate to ovate-lanceolate. |
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(20) |
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20 (19) |
Corolla reddish pink. |
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(21) |
+ |
Corolla purple-red or dark purple; leaves cordate-ovate. |
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(22) |
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21 (20) |
Stem hairs with unequal arms; leaves narrowly ovate to oblong-lanceolate |
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9 Phlomis betonicoides |
+ |
Stem hairs with longer central arms; leaves triangular to triangular-ovate |
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16 Phlomis dentosa |
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22 (20) |
Corolla dark purple; leaves broadly ovate to circular-ovate, apex rounded, base cordate, sparsely strigose |
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20 Phlomis fimbriata |
+ |
Corolla purple-red; leaves acute to obtuse at apex, shallowly cordate at base. |
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(23) |
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23 (22) |
Leaves cordate-ovate or ovate-oblong, stellate pilose and with simple hairs on both surfaces or abaxially stellate pubescent |
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4 Phlomis pratensis |
+ |
Leaves ovate or triangular-ovate, adaxially densely hispid, abaxially densely stellate pilose |
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19 Phlomis milingensis |
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24 (3) |
Corolla more than 3 cm. |
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(25) |
+ |
Corolla less than 3 cm. |
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(26) |
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25 (24) |
Corolla yellow |
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24 Phlomis megalantha |
+ |
Corolla dark purple |
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25 Phlomis ornata |
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26 (24) |
Verticillasters conspicuously pedunculate. |
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(27) |
+ |
Verticillasters sessile. |
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(31) |
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27 (26) |
Posterior filaments without appendages at base. |
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(28) |
+ |
Posterior filaments with appendages at base. |
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(29) |
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28 (27) |
Bracts as long as or slightly longer than calyx; stems sparsely retrorse minute hispid, sometimes stellate pubescent at apex |
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42 Phlomis umbrosa |
+ |
Bracts ca. 1/2 as long as calyx; stems densely tawny stellate pubescent |
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43 Phlomis szechuanensis |
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29 (27) |
Calyx gray stellate pannose outside; bracts leaflike, linear-lanceolate, rarely lanceolate, 4-13(-22) × 1.5-3(-5.5) mm |
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35 Phlomis likiangensis |
+ |
Calyx with other types of hairs kind; bracts usually smaller, narrower. |
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(30) |
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30 (29) |
Verticillasters rather loose, usually 1, rarely 2 at apex of stem or branch; flowers long pedicellate; calyx indehiscent |
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40 Phlomis pedunculata |
+ |
Verticillasters rather compact, usually 2-5(-9) at apex of stem or branch; flowers short pedicellate; calyx dehiscent |
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31 Phlomis congesta |
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31 (26) |
Bracts ca. 1/2 as long as calyx or absent. |
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(32) |
+ |
Bracts more than 1/2 as long as calyx. |
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(34) |
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32 (31) |
Calyx ca. 1.5 cm |
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38 Phlomis longicalyx |
+ |
Calyx 0.8-1 cm. |
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(33) |
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33 (32) |
Corolla purple |
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36 Phlomis franchetiana |
+ |
Corolla yellow |
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37 Phlomis ambigua |
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34 (31) |
Leaves cordate to broadly ovate, 11-14 × 7-13 cm; posterior filaments with reflexed, hooked, long-spurred appendage at base far above pilose annulus of corolla tube inside |
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28 Phlomis paohsingensis |
+ |
Leaves of different shapes. |
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(35) |
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35 (34) |
Leaves abaxially densely stellate tomentose, triangular to triangular-ovate, irregularly deeply crenate-dentate |
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39 Phlomis muliensis |
+ |
Leaves abaxially without hairs as above. |
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(36) |
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36 (35) |
Posterior filaments with a reflexed slender appendage at base. |
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(37) |
+ |
Posterior filaments with an upwardly curved appendage at base. |
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(38) |
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37 (36) |
Leaves strigose adaxially and along margin abaxially, with elevated glands abaxially |
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26 Phlomis melanantha |
+ |
Leaves sparsely minutely hispid adaxially, abaxially stellate pilose, densely and finely spreading setose along veins |
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27 Phlomis forrestii |
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38 (36) |
Leaves adaxially sparsely short bristly, abaxially pilose, with simple hairs on both surfaces; stems much branched; posterior filaments with a short spurred appendage far above pilose annulus of corolla tube inside |
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41 Phlomis jeholensis |
+ |
Leaves adaxially with simple and/or stellate hairs, abaxially with stellate and simple hairs. |
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(39) |
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39 (38) |
Calyx indehiscent, veins elevated. |
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(40) |
+ |
Calyx irregularly dehiscent, veins not elevated. |
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(41) |
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40 (39) |
Stems sparsely retrorse minutely hispid; calyx tube densely stellate puberulent, veins spreading bristly, teeth with an apical spine 2-3 mm |
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29 Phlomis setifera |
+ |
Stems stellate pubescent or densely tawny stellate tomentulose; calyx tube stellate pubescent (and spreading hirsute in var. hirticalyx) |
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30 Phlomis tatsienensis |
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41 (39) |
Leaves ± leathery, sparsely strigose or subglabrous, margin ciliolate, abaxially subglabrous or stellate strigose and hairs with a long central arm |
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33 Phlomis strigosa |
+ |
Leaves herbaceous, adaxially sparsely strigose or stellate pubescent, abaxially stellate pubescent or dense stellate pilose. |
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(42) |
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42 (41) |
Stem leaves ovate; bracts linear |
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32 Phlomis inaequalisepala |
+ |
Stem leaves sagittate-oblong; bracts subulate |
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34 Phlomis ruptilis |