| 1 |
Dwarf shrubs erect, ascending, procumbent, creeping, or cushion-shaped, usually less than 30(-50) cm tall. |
|
(2) |
| + |
Shrubs or trees erect, almost alwaysmore than 30 cm tall. |
|
(8) |
| |
|
|
|
| 2 (1) |
Young leaves, young shoots, and flowers white woolly |
|
31 Sect. Subviminales |
| + |
Young leaves, young shoots, and flowers not white woolly. |
|
(3) |
| |
|
|
|
| 3 (2) |
Bracts 2-colored, distal 1/2 dark brown or brown, proximal 1/2 lighter in color. |
|
(4) |
| + |
Bracts yellowish green or apically pinkish, brown on dried specimens. |
|
(5) |
| |
|
|
|
| 4 (3) |
Petiole of some of leaves ca. 1/4 as long as leaf blade or longer |
|
20 Sect. Diplodictyae |
| + |
Petiole less than 1/4 as long as leaf blade |
|
21 Sect. Myrtosalix |
| |
|
|
|
| 5 (3) |
Male flower with only an adaxial gland |
|
7 Sect. Fulvopubescentes |
| + |
Male flower with adaxial and abaxial glands. |
|
(6) |
| |
|
|
|
| 6 (5) |
Plant erect or ascending |
|
10 Sect. Floccosae |
| + |
Plant creeping or cushion-shaped. |
|
(7) |
| |
|
|
|
| 7 (6) |
At least some young leaves retuse at apex |
|
16 Sect. Retusae |
| + |
Young leaves not retuse at apex |
|
11 Sect. Lindleyanae |
| |
|
|
|
| 8 (1) |
Stamens 3 or more. |
|
(9) |
| + |
Stamens 2(or 3) or connate into 1. |
|
(13) |
| |
|
|
|
| 9 (8) |
Stamens 3(or 4) |
|
5 Sect. Amygdalinae |
| + |
Stamens (3 or)4-many. |
|
(10) |
| |
|
|
|
| 10 (9) |
Bracts membranous; stamens 5(-8), adnate to base of bracts |
|
2 Sect. Urbanianae |
| + |
Bracts not membranous; stamens (3-)5-10, not adnate to bracts. |
|
(11) |
| |
|
|
|
| 11 (10) |
Catkin less than 4 cm, densely flowered |
|
4 Sect. Pentandrae |
| + |
Catkin more than 4 cm, sparsely flowered at anthesis. |
|
(12) |
| |
|
|
|
| 12 (11) |
Catkin rachis usually woolly or densely grayish white pubescent; petiole eglandular |
|
1 Sect. Tetraspermae |
| + |
Catkin rachis not woolly or grayish white pubescent; petiole usually glandular at apex |
|
3 Wilsonia |
| |
|
|
|
| 13 (8) |
Male flower with adaxial and abaxial glands. |
|
(14) |
| + |
Male flower with only an adaxial gland. |
|
(20) |
| |
|
|
|
| 14 (13) |
Catkin terminal on branchlets; plants 30-50 cm, rarely to 1 m tall |
|
10 Sect. Floccosae |
| + |
Catkin lateral on branchlets; plants more than 1 m tal. |
|
(15) |
| |
|
|
|
| 15 (14) |
Catkin stout, pedunculate or not, more than 8 mm thick or, if catkin only ca. 5 mm thick, then inflorescence more than 5 cm or nearly all filaments pubescent; young leaf blade already large at anthesis, usually 3-4 cm. |
|
(16) |
| + |
Catkin slender, less than 8 mm thick, rarely more than 1 cm thick and then mostly ellipsoid or shortly cylindric; young leaf blade less than 3 cm at anthesis. |
|
(17) |
| |
|
|
|
| 16 (15) |
Young leaves densely silky on both surfaces or only abaxially, tomentose or comose along midvein, rarely with sparse hairs; filaments pilose |
|
13 Sect. Psilostigmatae |
| + |
Young leaves glabrous on both surfaces; filaments glabrous (pilose at base in S. radinostachya) |
|
8 Sect. Magnificae |
| |
|
|
|
| 17 (15) |
Young leaf blade mostly lanceolate; trees |
|
6 Sect. Salix |
| + |
Young leaf blade not lanceolate; shrubs, rarely small trees. |
|
(18) |
| |
|
|
|
| 18 (17) |
Catkin ellipsoid or shortly cylindric, 4(-5) × as long as thick |
|
12 Sect. Sclerophyllae |
| + |
Catkin cylindric, more than 5 × as long as thick. |
|
(19) |
| |
|
|
|
| 19 (18) |
Bracts usually glabrous or only ciliate or, if pilose on 1 or both surfaces, then gland ca. 1/2 as long as bracts or longer; ovary glabrous |
|
9 Sect. Denticulatae |
| + |
Bracts pilose, with at least 1 surface pilose and ciliate; ovary pilose |
|
14 Sect. Eriocladae |
| |
|
|
|
| 20 (13) |
Plants dwarf, usually 60(-100) cm tall. |
|
(21) |
| + |
Plants more than 1 m tall. |
|
(24) |
| |
|
|
|
| 21 (20) |
Juvenile branchlets 1-1.5 mm thick; plants growing in marshes. |
|
(22) |
| + |
Juvenile branchlets more than 2 mm thick; plants not growing in marshes. |
|
(23) |
| |
|
|
|
| 22 (21) |
Branchlets and young leaves glabrous or rarely pilose; bracts mostly uniformly colored except for pink apex |
|
17 Sect. Myrtilloides |
| + |
Branchlets and young leaves densely yellowish brown or white tomentose; bracts 2-colored |
|
29 Sect. Incubaceae |
| |
|
|
|
| 23 (21) |
Young leaves conspicuously wrinkled adaxially; bracts obovate-orbicular, margin densely shortly ciliate |
|
18 Sect. Chamaetia |
| + |
Young leaves adaxially smooth; bracts long elliptic, with long, soft hairs (shaggy) adaxially |
|
20 Sect. Diplodictyae |
| |
|
|
|
| 24 (20) |
Stamens 2, free, rarely connate at base within same catkin. |
|
(25) |
| + |
Stamens 2; filaments partly connate or completely connate into 1 stamen. |
|
(41) |
| |
|
|
|
| 25 (24) |
Catkin pedunculate or subsessile, with leaflets at base. |
|
(26) |
| + |
Catkin sessile, without leaflets at base. |
|
(36) |
| |
|
|
|
| 26 (25) |
Catkin peduncle more than 5 mm. |
|
(27) |
| + |
Catkin peduncle less than 5 mm or nearly absent. |
|
(29) |
| |
|
|
|
| 27 (26) |
Catkin less than 5 × as long as thick |
|
19 Sect. Glaucae |
| + |
Catkin more than 5 × as long as thick. |
|
(28) |
| |
|
|
|
| 28 (27) |
Young leaves abaxially silky downy or tomentose |
|
14 Sect. Eriocladae |
| + |
Young leaves abaxially glabrous or pubescent or, if ± silky, then most leaves not unfolded at anthesis |
|
9 Sect. Denticulatae |
| |
|
|
|
| 29 (26) |
Filaments downy basally. |
|
(30) |
| + |
Filaments glabrous (except in a few species of |
|
23 Sect. Arbuscella |
| |
|
|
|
| 30 (29) |
Young leaves pubescent, glabrescent |
|
15 Sect. Heterochromae |
| + |
Young leaves often russet or white silky or appressed downy. |
|
(31) |
| |
|
|
|
| 31 (30) |
Young leaves russet or white silky; bracts glabrous or with long hairs |
|
7 Sect. Fulvopubescentes |
| + |
Young leaves appressed downy; bracts pilose only at base |
|
9 Sect. Denticulatae |
| |
|
|
|
| 32 |
Young leaf blade dentate at margin. |
|
(33) |
| + |
Young leaf blade entire at margin. |
|
(34) |
| |
|
|
|
| 33 (32) |
Young leaf blade lanceolate or oblanceolate, rarely elliptic or obovate at anthesis |
|
23 Sect. Arbuscella |
| + |
Young leaf blade narrowly obovate to suborbicular at anthesis |
|
22 Sect. Hastatae |
| |
|
|
|
| 34 (32) |
Young leaves glabrous abaxially or tomentose only at base adaxially (except for cataphyll); bracts yellowish green or brown when dried |
|
23 Sect. Arbuscella |
| + |
Young leaves silky or tomentose abaxially; bracts dark colored toward apex. |
|
(35) |
| |
|
|
|
| 35 (34) |
Filaments ca. 4 × as long as bracts; young leaf blade narrowly elliptic to elliptic |
|
25 Sect. Lanatae |
| + |
Filaments 2-3 × as long as bracts; young leaf blade undeveloped at anthesis or slightly oblanceolate to narrowly obovate |
|
27 Sect. Argyraceae |
| |
|
|
|
| 36 (25) |
Catkin ellipsoid to shortly cylindric, rarely subglobose, 2-3.5 × as long as thick (sometimes cylindric in |
|
28 Vimen |
| + |
Catkin cylindric, more than 4 × as long as thick. |
|
(40) |
| |
|
|
|
| 37 |
Leaf blade elliptic, obovate, or oblong-obovate. |
|
(38) |
| + |
Leaf blade linear or linear-lanceolate to oblong. |
|
(39) |
| |
|
|
|
| 38 (37) |
Filaments ca. 2 × as long as bracts, glabrous |
|
27 Sect. Argyraceae |
| + |
Filaments nearly 3 × as long as bracts or longer, usually pilose at base |
|
24 Vetrix |
| |
|
|
|
| 39 (37) |
Young leaf blade linear; branchlets yellowish, glabrous; plants growing on sand dunes |
|
37 Sect. Flavidae |
| + |
Young leaf blade linear-lanceolate to oblong; branchlets grayish green or reddish black, pilose or glabrous; plants not growing on sand dunes |
|
24 Vetrix |
| |
|
|
|
| 40 (36) |
Bracts nearly black, apex acute |
|
26 Sect. Daphnella |
| + |
Bracts yellowish green to brown, apex obtuse or rounded |
|
15 Sect. Heterochromae |
| |
|
|
|
| 41 (24) |
Leaf blade more than 6 × as long as wide or, if nearly 6 × as long as wide, then young branchlets gray downy or tomentose. |
|
(42) |
| + |
Leaf blade less than 6 × as long as wide. |
|
(44) |
| |
|
|
|
| 42 (41) |
Branchlets and young leaves glabrous or slightly pilose, soon glabrescent |
|
36 Helix |
| + |
Branchlets and young leaves with appressed hairs or gray downy and tomentose. |
|
(43) |
| |
|
|
|
| 43 (42) |
Anthers reddish purple; bracts black; young leaf blade linear-oblanceolate |
|
35 Sect. Haoanae |
| + |
Anthers yellow or yellowish red; bracts yellowish green or apex reddish; young leaf blade linear |
|
34 Sect. Cheilophilae |
| |
|
|
|
| 44 (41) |
Catkin with leaflets at base or, if leaflets absent, then catkins opposite or subopposite. |
|
(45) |
| + |
Catkin without leaflets at base. |
|
(47) |
| |
|
|
|
| 45 (44) |
Bracts yellowish green or brownish when dried, sometimes slightly pink distally; anthers yellow or reddish in distal part of catkin |
|
33 Sect. Variegatae |
| + |
Bracts brown to black; anthers reddish purple or, if yellow, then catkin less than 1 cm thick. |
|
(46) |
| |
|
|
|
| 46 (45) |
Catkins opposite or, if alternate, then young leaf blade elliptic; anthers reddish purple; shrubs |
|
32 Sect. Caesiae |
| + |
Catkins alternate; young leaf blade lanceolate or oblanceolate, rarely long elliptic; anthers yellow or purple; trees |
|
6 Sect. Salix |
| |
|
|
|
| 47 (44) |
Catkin long and slender, more than 3 cm, 4-5 mm thick; gland linear, more than 0.9 mm, apex usually incurved |
|
30 Sect. Sieboldianae |
| + |
Catkin short and thick, 1-3 cm, ca. 1 cm thick; gland ovate or linear, apex not incurved. |
|
(48) |
| |
|
|
|
| 48 (47) |
Bracts yellowish green, brown when dried, glabrous or pubescent proximally |
|
12 Sect. Sclerophyllae |
| + |
Bracts nearly black, with long hairs. |
|
(49) |
| |
|
|
|
| 49 (48) |
Anthers reddish purple |
|
31 Sect. Subviminales |
| + |
Anthers yellow |
|
24 Vetrix |
