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Saxifraga Linn., Sp.Pl. 398. 1753. Boiss.,Fl.Or.2:799.1872; C.B. Clarke in Hook.f.,Fl. Brit.Ind.2:390.1878; Engl. & Irms. in Engl.,Pflanzenr.4, 117.1 & 2.1916-1919; Loz.-Lozinsk. in Kom.,Fl.URSS. 9:138.1939; Webb in Tutin et al., Fl.Eur.1:364.1964; Sch.-Tem, in Rech.f.,Fl.Iran.42:1.1967; Matthews in Davis, Fl.Turk.4:249. 1972.
Herbs, erect or decumbent, caespitose or not, perennial, rarely annuals, frequently with glandular hairs. Leaves simple, exstipulate, alternate or sometimes opposite, foveate or not. Inflorescence in cymes or panicles. Sepals 5, free or basally united. Petals 5. Stamens 10. Carpels 2, free or united at the base; ovary bilocular, superior, inferior or semi-inferio; ovules numerous; styles 2, persistent. Capsule ovoid to globose.
A large genus comprising c. 370 species, throughout the N. hemisphere, in cool temperate and alpine regions. Many plants show xerophytic characters, like tufted growth or succulence. Represented in Pakistan by 19 species.
Species dubia Saxifraga ramulosa Wall.ex DC.Prodr.4:21.1839; C.B. Clarke in. Hook.f.,Fl.Brit.Ind. 2:395.1878; Blatter, Beaut.Flow. Kashm. 1:123.1928; Stewart, Ann.Cat.Vasc.Pl.W.Pak. & Kashm.344.1972. This species is included probably on the basis of a single specimen from Kashmir, Poosiana, Poonch, Clarke, 28473 (K), Stewart, l.c. We have no material of this species, and the gathering at K cited above does not match with S. Ramulosa S. Ramulosa bears a close resemblance to S. pulvinaria in facies but can be distinguished by flower colour and the 3-5 leaf pits.
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| 1 |
Stolons present |
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(2) |
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Stolons absent |
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(4) |
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| 2 (1) |
Basal leaves sessile, ciliate. Stem and pedicels not brown villous |
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(3) |
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Basal leaves petiolate, not ciliate. Stem and pedicels brown villous |
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Saxifraga hirculus |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaves setose-ciliate, apex aristate |
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Saxifraga brunonis |
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Leaves glandular-ciliate, apex not aristate |
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Saxifraga flagellaris |
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| 4 (1) |
Leaves with pits |
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(5) |
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Leaves without pits |
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(10) |
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| 5 (4) |
Flowers 1(-2), inflorescence terminal |
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(7) |
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Flowers 3-5, inflorescence in corymbs |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Flowers yellow. Peduncle 2.5-3.8 cm long. Styles divergent |
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Saxifraga meeboldii |
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Flowers grey-purple. Peduncle 2.5 cm long. Styles divergent but recurved at the tip |
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Saxifraga afghanica |
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| 7 (5) |
Leaf pit 1 |
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(8) |
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Leaf pits 3-7 |
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(9) |
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| 8 (7) |
Flowers red-pink or purplish, subsessile. Carpels almost free |
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Saxifraga oppositifolia |
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Flowers white, sessile. Carpels basally united |
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Saxifraga pulvinaria |
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| 9 (7) |
Leaves ovate-obtuse. Flowers pale-rose. Filaments as long as the petals |
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Saxifraga duthiei |
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Leaves linear-oblong. Flowers filac-purple. Filaments shorter than the petals |
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Saxifraga lilacina |
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| 10 (4) |
Bulbils present in leaf axils |
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(11) |
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Bulbils absent |
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(14) |
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| 11 (10) |
All flowers normally developed |
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(12) |
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Only terminal flower developed, remainder represented by bulbils |
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Saxifraga cernua |
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| 12 (11) |
Basal leaves reniform, margin lobed. Flowers white |
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(13) |
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Basal leaves not reniform, margin entire. Flowers yellow |
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Saxifraga filicaulis |
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| 13 (12) |
Basal leaves petiole c. 10 cm. Leaf lobes 7-13 |
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Saxifraga asarifolia |
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Basal leaf petiole 2.5-4 cm. Leaf lobes 5-7 |
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Saxifraga sibirica |
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| 14 (10) |
Plants caespitose. Leaves up to 10 mm long |
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(17) |
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Plants not caespitose. Leaves 1-5 cm long |
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(15) |
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| 15 (14) |
Cauline leaves 4-12, amplexicaul. Sepals free. Flowers yellow |
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(16) |
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Cauline leaves 0-2, not amplexicaul. Sepals basally united. Flowers reddish |
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Saxifraga pseudo-pallida |
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| 16 (15) |
Basal leaves broadly ovate, obtuse; leaf base subcordate |
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Saxifraga parnassifolia |
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Basal leaves elliptic to lanceolate, acute; acute; leaf base attenuate |
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Saxifraga moorcroftiana |
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| 17 (14) |
Petals 1½-2½ times the length of sepals |
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(18) |
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Petals equal to the length of sepals or lacking. Pedicel 6 mm long |
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Saxifraga microviridis |
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| 18 (17) |
Flowers yellow, subsessile, campanulate. Leaves 4 mm long |
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Saxifraga jacquemontiana |
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Flowers white, pedicellate, campanulate. Leaves 5-10 mm long |
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Saxifraga androsacea |
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List of lower taxa
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