| 1 (1) |
Receptacle covered by paleae subtending the ray-florets and disc-florets or hairy or scaly. |
|
(1) |
| + |
Receptacle glabrous, not covered by paleae. |
|
(2) |
| |
|
|
|
| 2 (2) |
Capitula radiate, ligules present. |
|
(2) |
| + |
Capitula discoid or disciform, ligules absent. |
|
(3) |
| |
|
|
|
| 3 (3) |
Rays yellow. |
|
(3) |
| + |
Rays white, pink or red. |
|
(4) |
| |
|
|
|
| 4 (3) |
Annual herbs. Capitula solitary terminal. Paleae with excurrent midrib. Cypselas with a crown-shaped or auriculate pappus. |
|
1 Anthemis |
| + |
Perennial herbs or shrublets. Capitula many in corymbs. Paleae with midrib not excurrent. Cypselas without pappus. |
|
7 Achillea |
| |
|
|
|
| 5 |
Perennial herbs or shrublets. Cypselas dorsiventrally flattened, with 2 lateral, more or less distinct ribs, without pappus. |
|
7 Achillea |
| + |
Annual or rarely biennial herbs. Cypselas various, rarely dorsiventrally flattened but then rhombic in cross section, with more than 2 ribs. Pappus coronate or auriculate. |
|
1 Anthemis |
| |
|
|
|
| 6 (6) |
Capitula in lax or dense corymbs. |
|
(6) |
| + |
Capitula solitary or in simple racemes or in a small or large panicle. |
|
(7) |
| |
|
|
|
| 7 (6) |
Capitula heterogamous, marginal florets female, ligulate. |
|
7 Achillea |
| + |
Capitula homogamous, all florets bisexual, tubular. |
|
16 Handelia |
| |
|
|
|
| 8 |
Capitula homogamous, all florets bisexual, tubular. Receptacle conical, glabrous. |
|
22 Seriphidium |
| + |
Capitula heterogamous, marginal florets female, disc-florets bisexual. Receptacle hairy or scaly. |
|
(9) |
| |
|
|
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| 9 (8) |
Capitula large, more than 10 mm across, in racemes. Florets more than 100, with corolla and ovaries densely scaly. Marginal florets 4-lobed, lobes obtuse. |
|
21 Artemisiella |
| + |
Capitula small, in small to large panicles or spicate contracted panicles. Florets much less than 100, with corolla and ovaries not scaly but corolla in some only apically hairy. Marginal florets 2-lobed, lobes acute. |
|
20 Artemisia |
| |
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|
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| 10 (10) |
Capitula radiate, ligules present. |
|
(10) |
| + |
Capitula discoid or disciform, ligules absent. |
|
(11) |
| |
|
|
|
| 11 (11) |
Annual herbs. |
|
(11) |
| + |
Perennial herbs or shrublets. |
|
(12) |
| |
|
|
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| 12 (12) |
Ligules yellow, rarely partly white or occasionally reddish. |
|
(12) |
| + |
Ligules white, rarely pink to reddish, bluish-violet or creamy-orange but not yellow. |
|
(13) |
| |
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|
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| 13 (12) |
Cypselas heteromorphic, Disc-cypselas prismatic, with a narrow adaxial wing, vallecular canals not present between the ribs. |
|
8 Chrysanthemum |
| + |
Disc-cypselas ± terete, not winged, distinctly ribbed with dark vallecular secretory canals between the pale-whitish ribs. |
|
9 Leucanthemum |
| |
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|
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| 14 |
Cypselas laterally pilose. Pappus a fimbriate auricle in ray-cypselas or whitish corona in disc-cypselas. |
|
3 Microcephala |
| + |
Cypselas glabrous. Pappus not as above. |
|
(15) |
| |
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| 15 (15) |
Receptacle beset with paleae. |
|
(15) |
| + |
Receptacle without paleae. |
|
(16) |
| |
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|
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| 16 (15) |
Cypselas obovoid, laterally compressed, without distinct ribs or wings, posteriorly enveloped by a spur formed by prolongation of disc-corolla tube bases. Pappus absent. |
|
2 Chamaemelum |
| + |
Cypselas terete or angled or ribbed, often tuberculate, rarely dorsiventrally flattened, bases of corolla not forming a spur posteriorly. Pappus present as short corona or auricle. |
|
1 Anthemis |
| |
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| 17 (17) |
Ligules absent. |
|
(17) |
| + |
Ligules present. |
|
(18) |
| |
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|
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| 18 (17) |
Cypselas dorsiventrally flattened and with 2 lateral ribs. |
|
5 Cotula |
| + |
Cypselas not or slightly flattened, with 5 adaxial lateral ribs or 8-10 ribbed. |
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(19) |
| |
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| 19 (18) |
Roots reddish-tipped. Cypselas ± terete, prominently 8-10-ribbed, with vallecular canals between the ribs. |
|
9 Leucanthemum |
| + |
Roots not reddish-tipped. Cypselas slightly flattened with 5 adaxial ribs, without any vallecular canals between the ribs. |
|
4 Matricaria |
| |
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| 20 |
Cypselas triquetrous, strongly 3-ribbed on posterior side and bearing 1 or usually 2, reddish-brown resin glands anteriorly at the apices. |
|
6 Tripleurospermum |
| + |
Cypselas not triquetrous, without reddish-brown resin glands anteriorly at the apices. |
|
(21) |
| |
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| 21 (20) |
Disc-florets with 4-lobed corolla, lobes with central resin canals. Cypselas strongly compressed dorsiventrally, with two lateral ribs. |
|
5 Cotula |
| + |
Disc-florets with 5-lobed corolla, lobes without resin canals. Cypselas slightly or not flattened, with adaxial ribs or terete and 8-10-ribbed. |
|
(22) |
| |
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| 22 (21) |
Cypselas slightly flattened, with 5 adaxial lateral ribs. Vallecular canals between the ribs absent. Capitula small, less than 2 cm across. |
|
4 Matricaria |
| + |
Cypselas not flattened, terete, with 8-12 ribs. Vallecular canals between the ribs present. Capitula lagre, 2.5-5 cm across. |
|
9 Leucanthemum |
| |
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| 23 (23) |
Pappus of 4-12 obovate-oblong or numerous bristle-like scales, at least half as long as the corolla or longer. |
|
(23) |
| + |
Pappus of short scales, an auricle or a corona or absent. |
|
(24) |
| |
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| 24 (23) |
Pappus of many (25 – 50) bristle-like scales, equalling or exceeding the corolla in length. Ligules often bluish-violet, sometimes white or pink. |
|
18 Allardia |
| + |
Pappus of 4 – 12, obovate-oblong scales, half to equaling the corolla in length. Ligules white or sometimes pink. |
|
13 Richteria |
| |
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| 25 |
Disc-corollas 4-lobed. Cypselas dorsiventrally flattened and with 2 lateral ribs. |
|
5 Cotula |
| + |
Disc-corollas 5-lobed. Cypselas not flattened, with more than 2 ribs. |
|
(26) |
| |
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| 26 (25) |
Cypselas triquetrous, with 1 adaxial and 2 lateral more or less thick ribs and 2 dark colored (reddish-brown) dotted resin glands anteriorly at the apices. |
|
6 Tripleurospermum |
| + |
Cypselas not triquetrous, without reddish-brown resin glands anteriorly at the apices. |
|
(27) |
| |
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| 27 (26) |
Ligulate marginal flowers sterile, with ovaries jointed with the corolla bases. |
|
11 Tanacetum |
| + |
Ligulate marginal flowers fertile, ovaries not jointed with the corolla base. |
|
(28) |
| |
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| 28 (28) |
Leaves ± undivided, serrate or pinnatifid to pinnatipartite. Receptacle distinctly alveolate or punctate tuberculate. |
|
(28) |
| + |
Leaves 1-3-pinnatisect, rarely undivided. Receptacle not alveolate or punctate-tuberculate. |
|
(29) |
| |
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| 29 (28) |
Disc-floret corolla basally swollen and spongy in fruit. Cypselas terete, prominently 8-10-ribbed, dark, with vallecular secretory canals between the ribs. |
|
9 Leucanthemum |
| + |
Disc-floret corolla not swollen and spongy in fruit. Cypselas obovoid, faintly 5-8-ribbed, without vallecular secretory canals between the ribs. |
|
10 Dendranthema |
| |
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|
|
| 30 |
Receptacle always flat. Cypselas with myxogenic cells. Pappus of several, adaxially longer scales on one side. |
|
14 Xylanthemum |
| + |
Receptacle convex or hemispherical. Cypselas without myxogenic cells. Pappus of a corona of small scales or an adaxial small auricle. |
|
11 Tanacetum |
| |
|
|
|
| 31 |
Cypselas triquetrous with 1 adaxial and 2 lateral more or less thick ribs, abaxially and apically with 2 distinct (sometimes 1 by fusion or 3-5) resin glands. |
|
6 Tripleurospermum |
| + |
Cypselas, rarely triquetrous, dorsally pilose or 8-10-ribbed or with 3 adaxial lateral ribs but without 2 abaxial resin glands. |
|
(32) |
| |
|
|
|
| 32 (32) |
Pappus present, of scales, an auricle or a corona. |
|
(32) |
| + |
Pappus absent. |
|
(33) |
| |
|
|
|
| 33 (33) |
Annual herbs. |
|
(33) |
| + |
Perennial herbs or often half-shrubs or shrublets or shrubs. |
|
(34) |
| |
|
|
|
| 34 (33) |
Cypselas laterally pilose. Pappus a fimbriate whitish corona. |
|
3 Microcephala |
| + |
Cypselas glabrous or sometimes glandular or prominently 8-10-ribbed. Pappus of various kinds. |
|
(35) |
| |
|
|
|
| 35 (34) |
Cypselas with 5 adaxial lateral ribs. Pappus an auricle or small corona. |
|
4 Matricaria |
| + |
Cypselas ribbed all around, not mainly adaxially. |
|
(36) |
| |
|
|
|
| 36 (35) |
Receptacle paleate. Annual herbs. |
|
1 Anthemis |
| + |
Receptacle epaleate. Perennial herbs or shrublets. |
|
(37) |
| |
|
|
|
| 37 (36) |
Leaves ± undivided, serrate or at the mostpinnatifid. Cypselas dark colored with 10 whitish ribs. Vallecular canals present between the mucilaginous cell bearing ribs. |
|
9 Leucanthemum |
| + |
Leaves usually 1-3-pinnatisect, rarely undivided. Cypselas inconspicuously 5-10-ribbed. Vellecular secretory canals and mucilaginous cells on ribs absent. |
|
11 Tanacetum |
| |
|
|
|
| 38 (38) |
Capitula in corymbs. Perennial herbs. |
|
(38) |
| + |
Capitula solitary. Shrublets. |
|
(39) |
| |
|
|
|
| 39 (38) |
Leaves entire but marginally crenate- serrate. Receptacle glabrous. Tufts of woolly fibres absent on rootstock. |
|
11 Tanacetum |
| + |
Leaves pinnatisect. Receptacle pilose. Tufts of woolly fibres present on rootstock. |
|
12 Tanacetopsis |
| |
|
|
|
| 40 |
Cypselas with myxogenic cells. Pappus of several adaxially longer scales. Receptacle always flat. |
|
14 Xylanthemum |
| + |
Cypselas without myxogenic cells. Pappus a corona of small scale or adaxial auricle. Receptacle usually convex or hemispherical. |
|
11 Tanacetum |
| |
|
|
|
| 41 (41) |
Capitula disciform with female marginal florets or discoid with all florets hermaphrodite. |
|
(41) |
| + |
Capitula radiate, with outer florets female and disc-florets hermaphrodite. |
|
10 Dendranthema |
| |
|
|
|
| 42 (42) |
Capitula disciform, outer marginal florets female. |
|
(42) |
| + |
Capitula discoid, all florets hermaphrodite. |
|
(43) |
| |
|
|
|
| 43 (42) |
Capitula in corymbs. Apical anther appendages more or less triangular. Cypselas faintly 4-6-ribbed. |
|
19 Ajania |
| + |
Capitula usually in panicles. Apical anther appendages lanceolate-linear to subulate. Cypselas not ribbed. |
|
20 Artemisia |
| |
|
|
|
| 44 |
Cypselas slender and somewhat arcuate, obtusely tuberculate. Capitula densely corymbose. |
|
17 Pseudohandelia |
| + |
Cypselas obovoid-oblong, straight or somewhat oblique, smooth or ribbed but not tuberculate. |
|
(45) |
| |
|
|
|
| 45 (44) |
Capitula small, in a small or large panicle. |
|
22 Seriphidium |
| + |
Capitula medium-sized to moderately large, solitary or aggregated in dense or lax corymbs. |
|
(46) |
| |
|
|
|
| 46 (45) |
Receptacle conical, chaffy. Anthers tailed. Pappus short coronate. |
|
16 Handelia |
| + |
Receptacle flat to convex, glabrous. Anthers not tailed. Pappus absent. |
|
(47) |
| |
|
|
|
| 47 (46) |
Leaves entire, serrate or pinnatifid. Capitula solitary or 2-6, in lax corymbs. Corolla basally spongy and swollen in fruit. |
|
9 Leucanthemum |
| + |
Leaves much dissected pinnately. Capitula usually in dense corymbs or glomerules. Corolla basally neither spongy nor swollen. |
|
15 Hippolytia |
