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| 1 |
Flowers in several- to many-flowered inflorescences; peduncle mostly present and evident. |
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(2) |
| + |
Flowers 1-3 per axil; peduncle absent or obsolete. |
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(9) |
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| 2 (1) |
Fruit enclosed in fruiting calyx. |
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(3) |
| + |
Fruit exposed, exceeding fruiting calyx. |
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(6) |
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| 3 (2) |
Plants copiously spiny; leaves much divided or lobed |
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13 Solanum |
| + |
Plants unarmed; leaves entire. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Flowers in congested axillary clusters; disc conspicuous, red-orange; fruit a berry |
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10 Withania |
| + |
Flowers in racemes, spikes, or panicles, sometimes umbellate; disc not evident; fruit a capsule. |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Corolla zygomorphic, 2-lipped; fruiting calyx lobes mucronate, with strong marginal veins |
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6 Hyoscyamus |
| + |
Corolla actinomorphic; fruiting calyx lobes lacking mucros and strong marginal veins |
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7 Physochlaina |
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| 6 (2) |
Corolla tube much longer than lobes and limb; seeds not compressed, usually ovoid to ellipsoid; calyx not or hardly becoming enlarged. |
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(7) |
| + |
Corolla tube much shorter than lobes and limb; seeds mostly compressed, discoid, reniform, or lenticular; calyx often becoming enlarged. |
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(8) |
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| 7 (6) |
Fruit a few-seeded berry; flowers regular; plants puberulent or glabrescent; calyx less than 6 mm, shallowly lobed |
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18 Cestrum |
| + |
Fruit a many-seeded capsule; flowers somewhat zygomorphic; plants mostly viscid glandular pubescent; calyx more than 6 mm, deeply lobed |
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19 Nicotiana |
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| 8 (6) |
Corolla yellow; anthers dehiscing longitudinally, with a slender, sterile apex; seeds pilose; flowers 5-9-merous |
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15 Lycopersicon |
| + |
Corolla usually white, blue, or violet (if yellow then zygomorphic); anthers dehiscing by terminal pores, lacking a terminal appendage; seeds glabrous; flowers 4- or 5-merous |
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13 Solanum |
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| 9 (1) |
Fruit enclosed in fruiting calyx, sometimes fused with it; herbs. |
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(10) |
| + |
Fruit fully or mostly exposed, free from calyx; herbs, shrubs, or trees. |
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(16) |
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| 10 (9) |
Fruit a dry dehiscent capsule; flowering calyx more than 1.5 cm, lobed or divided halfway; corolla more than 2.5 cm. |
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(11) |
| + |
Fruit a juicy or dry indehiscent berry; flowering calyx mostly less than 1.5 cm (if more than 1.5 cm then corolla more than 2 cm), deeply parted; corolla less than 2 cm. |
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(14) |
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| 11 (10) |
Stems mostly underground; normal leaves forming a rosette at stem apex, scaly leaves distributed along new stems; flowers mostly included within rosette |
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5 Przewalskia |
| + |
Stems aboveground; normal leaves borne along stems, scaly leaves absent; flowers arising along stem or apically in leaf axils. |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Leaves mostly subsessile, petiole if present winged; pedicel less than 5 mm; calyx lobes sharp pointed, with noticeable marginal veins |
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6 Hyoscyamus |
| + |
Leaves petiolate, petiole wingless; pedicel more than 5 mm; calyx lobes blunt, lacking marginal veins. |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Corolla zygomorphic, funnelform; stamens unequal; calyx lobes alike; fruiting pedicel not thickened |
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4 Atropanthe |
| + |
Corolla regular, campanulate; stamens subequal; calyx lobes differing in size and/or shape; fruiting pedicel thickened |
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3 Anisodus |
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| 14 (10) |
Corolla blue and white; fruiting calyx lobes free more than halfway down, each with 2 basal auricles; fruit a dry brown berry |
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1 Nicandra |
| + |
Corolla yellow or white; fruiting calyx lobes united to near apex, lacking basal auricles; fruit a juicy, green, yellow, or orange berry. |
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(15) |
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| 15 (14) |
Fruiting calyx with thickened angles (ribs), bristly soft emergences that appear deltate on drying, or with both |
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8 Physaliastrum |
| + |
Fruiting calyx lacking enations on ribs or walls, angles sometimes prominent but not thickened |
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9 Physalis |
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| 16 (9) |
Fruit a dry capsule; leaves entire, dentate, or lobed. |
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(17) |
| + |
Fruit a berry, often juicy; leaves entire. |
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(18) |
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| 17 (16) |
Calyx 5-lobed, circumscissile; fruit prickly or papillate, 4-valved or irregularly dehiscent; plants erect, mostly more than 60 cm tall; seeds discoid; corolla lobes pointed |
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17 Datura |
| + |
Calyx 5-parted, persistent; fruit unarmed, lacking papillae, 2-valved, dehiscent; plants sprawling, if erect then less than 50 cm tall; seeds ovoid or oblong; corolla mostly with rounded lobes |
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20 Petunia |
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| 18 (16) |
Corolla funnelform; stamens mostly exserted; shrubs, often thorny; leaves usually fasciculate on short shoots |
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2 Lycium |
| + |
Corolla campanulate, rotate, or stellate; stamens included; unarmed herbs or shrubs; leaves arising along stem or forming a basal rosette. |
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(19) |
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| 19 (18) |
Calyx with 5 well-developed apical lobes; fruit yellow to orange or black. |
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(20) |
| + |
Calyx subtruncate, sometimes with 10 subapical teeth or umbos arising near base of apical rim; fruit red, sometimes yellow, purple, or pink in cultivation. |
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(21) |
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| 20 (19) |
Calyx becoming enlarged, wide flaring in fruit; leaves subsessile, usually forming a basal rosette; anthers dehiscing longitudinally |
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16 Mandragora |
| + |
Calyx not enlarged; leaves petiolate, arising along stem; anthers dehiscing by apical pores |
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13 Solanum |
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| 21 (19) |
Anthers dehiscing by apical pores; corolla rotate; plants sometimes pubescent with simple or branched hairs; calyx often with 10 subapical teeth |
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14 Lycianthes |
| + |
Anthers dehiscing longitudinally; corolla campanulate; plants glabrescent with sparse simple hairs; calyx 5-toothed or toothless. |
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(22) |
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| 22 (21) |
Corolla bright yellow; fruit a juicy globose berry; anther yellowish |
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12 Tubocapsicum |
| + |
Corolla white, rarely blue or violet; fruit a dry variously shaped berry; anthers purplish |
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11 Capsicum |
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