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6. Gentianodes Löve & Löve in Bot. Not. 125: 256. 1972. Omer, Ali & Qaiser in Pak. J. Bot. 20: 1. 1988; Omer & Qaiser in Pak. J. Bot. 24:95.1992.
SAOOD OMER
Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270
Mostly perennials (very rarely annuals), sometimes biennial herbs, forming mats from rootstock, or erect. Leaves basal as well as cauline, basal forming rosettes, conspicuosly larger than cauline leaves, uni-nerved, linear-lanceolate or ovate, cauline laxly-densely arranged, sometimes imbricate, opposite. Inflorescence usually single-few flowered umbels, usually simple or racemose cymes. Flowers actinomorphic, bisexual, pentamerous. Calyx divided to various lengths, lobes linear, lanceolate or ovate, unequal or equal, often scabrously margined. Corolla tubular, infundibular or hypocraetiform, in shades of blue, purple, violet, red, pink, white, yellow, divided, provided with subsidiary lobes or plicae, plicae smaller than and alternating with corolla lobes, naked inside i.e. not provided with ciliae or fimbriae. Stamens corresponding the number of and alternating with corolla lobes and opposite the plicae, anthers dorsifixed or versatile with filaments inserted in the middle in the lower portion of the corolla tube. Ovary superior, unilocular, placentation parietal, with numerous ovules, stigmas 2, coiled at apex, mostly with a style or sessile. Nectaries present at the base of the ovary. Capsule elliptic-oblong, large or short stalked or sessile, dehiscing septicidally from apex. Seeds light-dark brown, ellipsoidal, ovate or rounded, reticulate.
A genus of 40-60 species, distributed in Eurasia. Represented in Pakistan by 21-22 taxa.
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| 1 |
Plant biennial to perennial with rhizome. Calyx lobes unequal |
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(2) |
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Plant annual without rhizome. Calyx lobes equal (except in G. nasirii) |
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(9) |
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| 2 (1) |
Calyx tube longer than lobes. Basal leaves usually wanting (except in G.kurroo, G. kaufmaniana subsp. affghanica & G. lowndesii) |
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(3) |
| + |
Calyx tube shorter than lobes. Basal leaves distinct and in rossettes |
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(5) |
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| 3 (2) |
Flowers infundibuliform.Seeds winged |
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13 Gentianodes venusta |
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Flowers campanulate. Seeds not winged (except G. kaufmaniana) |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Cauline leaves ovate. Calyx lobes ovate-obovate or lanceolate |
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15 Gentianodes cachemirica |
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Cauline leaves and calyx lobes linear |
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16 Gentianodes kurroo |
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| 5 (2) |
Plicae prominent, acuminate. Inflorescence an umbel. Calyx lobe ± equal |
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19 Gentianodes olivieri |
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Plicae not prominent, differently margined. Inflorescence a racemose cyme. Calyx lobes unequal |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Calyx split at one side, membranous |
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20 Gentianodes tianschanica |
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Calyx not as above |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Calyx 7-lobed. Plicae tru ncate |
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17 Gentianodes kaufmaniana |
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Calyx 5-lobed. Plicae not tru ncate |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Cauline leaves connate at base, forming a sheath-l ike structure around the stem. Corolla lobes lanceolate |
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18 Gentianodes lowndesii |
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Cauline leaves not connate.Corolla lobes somewhat ovate |
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Gentianodes algida var. nubigena |
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| 9 (1) |
Calyx lobes unequal, two longer and broader than rest. Anthers versatile. Plicae slightly unequal |
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8 Gentianodes nasirii |
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Calyx lobes equal. Anthers dorsifixed. Plicae equal |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Plicae entire |
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(11) |
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Plicae crenate-bilobed, lanceolate-broadly lanceolate |
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(14) |
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| 11 (10) |
Flowers in terminal fascicles |
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(12) |
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Flowers solitary, terminal |
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(13) |
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| 12 (11) |
Leaves broadly ovate. Plicae obtuse-acute. Corolla lobes obtuse-acute |
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3 Gentianodes huxleyi |
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Leaves narrowly lanceolate-lanceolate. Plicae acuminate. Corolla lobes acute-acuminate |
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4 Gentianodes argentea |
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| 13 (11) |
Flowers sessile-subsessile, enveloped by two upper leaves. Calyx lobes reflexed. Corolla lobes acuminate |
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10 Gentianodes pedicellata |
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Flowers long pedicellate, not enveloped by leaves. Calyx lobes erect. Corolla lobes acute |
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6 Gentianodes burkillii |
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| 14 (10) |
Plants up to 30 (-35) cm high. Inflorescence a laxly arranged raceme |
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(15) |
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Plants never exceeding more than 8 (-10) cm. Inflorescence a terminal fascicles (except in G. clarkei & G. acuminata) |
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(16) |
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| 15 (14) |
Calyx always more than half the size of corolla Corolla lobes lanceolate |
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11 Gentianodes decemfida |
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Calyx less than half the size of corolla. Corolla lobes ovate |
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12 Gentianodes aprica |
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| 16 (14) |
Leaves conduplicate. Plants very stiff, puberulent-pubescent |
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5 Gentianodes alii |
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Leaves not so. Plants not stiff, glabrous |
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(17) |
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| 17 (16) |
Plicae bilobed. Flowers sessile |
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(18) |
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Plicae unilobed. Flowers subsessile-pedicellate |
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(19) |
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| 18 (17) |
Leaves ovate, acute. Plicae lobes equal Ovary pedicellate |
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1 Gentianodes clarkei |
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Leaves lanceolate, acuminate. Plicae lobes unequal. Ovary subsessile |
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2 Gentianodes acuminata |
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| 19 (17) |
Corolla lobes and plicae lanceolate |
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9 Gentianodes intermedia |
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Corolla lobes and plicae ovate-obovate |
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7 Gentianodes eumarginata |
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List of lower taxa
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