| 1 |
Lemma strongly 5-nerved, translucent between the nerves, tuberculate on the back |
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Castellia |
| + |
Lemmas not as above, not tuberculate on the back |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Spikelets dimorphic; fertile spikelets surrounded by an involucre of 2-4 sterile spikelets |
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Lamarckia |
| + |
Spikelets all the same |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Lateral spikelets without a lower glume; inflorescence a spike |
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(4) |
| + |
All spikelets bearing both lower and upper glumes; inflorescence a spike, raceme or panicle |
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(5) |
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| 4 (3) |
Upper glume extremely short; spike long, flexuous and very slender; spikelets with 1 fertile floret and sometimes also a reduced sterile floret |
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Psilurus |
| + |
Upper glume at least a quarter the length of the spikelet; spike stiff, straight or slightly curved; spikelets 3-12(-22)-flowered |
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Lolium |
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| 5 (3) |
Inflorescence a secund spike |
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Loliolum |
| + |
Inflorescence a raceme or panicle |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Lemmas strongly keeled all along the back (or if rounded and very blunt then spikelets 3.5-4 mm long) |
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(7) |
| + |
Lemmas rounded on the back or sometimes slightly keeled at the extreme base or tip |
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(11) |
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| 7 (6) |
Panicle dichotomously branched |
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Cutandia |
| + |
Panicle not dichotomously branched |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Spikelets broadly ovate; lemma inflated, awnless, cordate at the base, many-nerved |
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Briza |
| + |
Spikelets not as above; lemma not inflated or cordate at the base |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Lemma with 5-7 prominent thick nerves, chartaceous with broad hyaline margins; inflorescence a rigid, ± secund raceme with pedicels up to 1 mm long |
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Sclerochloa |
| + |
Lemma membranous; inflorescence a panicle |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Inflorescence a lobed, 1-sided, condensed panicle, the branches crowded with compact fascicles of spikelets |
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Dactylis |
| + |
Inflorescence an open or contracted panicle, but never as above |
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Poa |
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| 11 (6) |
Plant annual |
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(12) |
| + |
Plant perennial |
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(13) |
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| 12 (11) |
Panicle dense, 1-sided, the spikelets appressed to the rhachis; lemma with a long or short awn |
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Vulpia |
| + |
Panicle effuse or ± contracted but not 1-sided; lemma awnless, obtuse to acuminate |
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Eremopoa |
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| 13 (11) |
Spikelets 1-flowered; glumes almost as long as the lemma |
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Paracolpodium |
| + |
Spikelets 2-9-flowered, if 1-flowered then glumes considerably shorter than the lemma |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Hilum linear, running the length of the caryopsis; lemma usually acuminate and sometimes awned |
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Festuca |
| + |
Hilum punctiform or oblong, at most a third the length of the caryopsis: lemma truncate to acute, awnless |
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(15) |
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| 15 (14) |
Spikelets 7-10 mm long; upper glume cuneate with rotund denticulate tip |
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Hyalopoa |
| + |
Spikelets 2.5-7 mm long; upper glume usually ovate to lanceolate or elloptic and blunt to subacute at the tip; if spikelets up to 9 mm long then upper glume acute |
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(16) |
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| 16 (15) |
Plant aquatic, stoloniferous and with succulent stems; lower glume nerveless |
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Catabrosa |
| + |
Plant without stolons or succulent stems, tufted or rhizomatous; lower glume 1-nerved |
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(17) |
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| 17 (16) |
Mid-nerve of lemma falling short of the obtuse, broadly membranous tip; lemma shortly hairy at the base; panicle contracted, spike-like |
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Catabrosella |
| + |
Mid-nerve of lemma reaching right to the blunt or acute tip and sometimes excurrent as a short mucro; lemma glabrous at the base; if lemma as above then panicle branches widely spreading and ± deflexed at maturity |
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Puccinellia |
