1	Carpels 8-12		(2)
+	Carpels more than 12		(5)
2 (1)	Fruit cylindric, less than 1 cm long		(3)
+	Fruit ovoid, more than 1 cm long		(4)
3 (2)	Carpels beaked; leaves glabrescent		Abutilon ramosum
+	Carpels hardly beaked, truncate; leaves hoary		Abutilon fruticosum
4 (2)	Plant with long spreading hairs on branches, petioles and pedicels. Sepals 1.5-2 cm long, 1-1.5 cm broad, larger than fruit		Abutilon grandifolium
+	Plant with appressed hairs. Sepals c. 1 cm long, 4-6 mm broad, smaller than fruit		Abutilon pakistanicum
5 (1)	Carpels truncate or/and with a distinct mucro		(6)
+	Carpels obtuse		(13)
6 (5)	Sepals leathery, exceeding the fruit. Fruit not differentiated into ridges and furrows (finely truncate)		Abutilon sepalum
+	Sepals not leathery, not exceeding the fruit. Fruit differentiated into ridges and furrows		(7)
7 (6)	Mericarps with 2 long ultimately horizontally spreading 3-5 mm long awns. Leaf margins minutely toothed. Staminal tube glabrous		Abutilon theophrasti
+	Mericarps with 1 mm long awns. Leaf margins prominently toothed. Staminal tube stellate hairy		(8)
8 (7)	Flowers pale yellow, 1-1.5 cm across. Mericarps gradually acuminate		Abutilon bidentatum
+	Flowers yellow to orange-yellow, 2.5 cm or more across. Mericarps acute or with a small mucro		(9)
9 (8)	Stipules lanceolate. Branches, petioles and pedicels with dense, spreading and clammy hairs		(10)
+	Stipules linear. Hairs mostly appressed, not clammy		(11)
10 (9)	Branches and leaves white tomentose and velutinous. Mericarps 15-20, somewhat obtuse. Fruit usually subglobose, with c. 10 mm long calyx. (Entire plant velvety and with short spreading hairs)		Abutilon figarianum
+	Branches and leaves yellowish tomentose and scabrulous (at least on the older parts) Mericarps 20-30, with a small mucro. Fruit truncate, with 10-13 mm long calyx. (Entire plant hispidulous, and with long, spreading hairs)		Abutilon hirtum
11 (9)	Fruit with ridges and furrows towards the apex only, mericarps more than 20, with a small mucro, 7-10 mm long, 5-6 mm broad		Abutilon karachianum
+	Fruit with deep ridges and furrows all over; mericarps 15-20, acute or somewhat acuminate, 10-18 mm long, 7-8 mm broad (dehiscent before breaking away from the central axis)		(12)
12 (11)	Mericarps remain erect at maturity, dehiscent after breaking away from the central axis. Short spreading hairs present at least on young parts		Abutilon indicum
+	Mericarps, spreading stellately at maturity, dehiscent before breaking away from the central axis. Spreading hairs lacking, only present at the top of the petiole		Abutilon ghafoorianum
13 (5)	Mericarps 28-39, each 2-seeded (or 1 by abortion). Leaf scabrous above, stipules linear. Flowers axillary, solitary or in fascicles of 2-4, Petals ± twice the length of calyx. Fruiting calyx 7-10 mm long		Abutilon muticum
+	Mericarps 23-31, each 3-seeded. Leaf almost velvety above, stipules lanceolate. Flowers in pseudoraceme or panicle. Petals 2.5-3 times the length of calyx. Fruiting calyx 10-17 mm long		(14)
14 (13)	Fruit stalk 1-8 cm long, articulate lower part (of the stalk below the articulation) somewhat thinner, less hairy and 4-25 times longer than the upper. Fruiting calyx 12-17 mm long, usually larger than fruit, inner surface with short and long hairs. Fruit densely covered with short and long hairs, ridges and furrows less conspicuous		Abutilon alii
+	Fruit stalk 1-3.5 cm long, articulate, uniformly hairy and thick all over except the joint, lower part shorter-4 times longer than the upper. Fruiting calyx 10-12 mm long, smaller than the mature fruit, inner surface with hairs of uniform length. Fruit with hairs of uniform length, ridges and furrows conspicuous		Abutilon pannosum