| 1 |
Calyx with very dissimilar teeth, throat closed in fruit by 2 obliquely upwardly directed teeth of lower lip; upper corolla lip galeate |
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25 Prunella |
| + |
Calyx with ± unlike teeth, throat open in fruit. |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Calyx with 5, obtuse, triangular equal teeth or with 3 or 4 lobes; corolla broad at base or gradually dilated ascending, with a wider, somewhat convex upper lip |
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26 Chelonopsis |
| + |
Calyx with acute, subulate, or rarely spinescent lanceolate teeth; corolla upper lip convex, always helmet-shaped, rarely flat. |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Upper lip of corolla mostly short, ± flat (except in Colquhounia), glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
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(4) |
| + |
Upper lip of corolla convex or galeate, rarely nearly flat, always densely hairy. |
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(10) |
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| 4 (3) |
Anther cells confluent at apex; nutlets winged or scaly; shrubs or herbs. |
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(5) |
| + |
Anther cells separate (except in Microtoena); nutlets not winged (except in Chamaesphacos) or scaly; herbs. |
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(6) |
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| 5 (4) |
Shrubs; nutlets membranous winged at apex; corolla large, scarlet |
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49 Colquhounia |
| + |
Dwarf herbs; nutlets densely linear scaly at apex and adaxial side |
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50 Achyrospermum |
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| 6 (4) |
Anthers 1-celled, longitudinally dehiscent; corolla tube saccate in front |
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51 Eurysolen |
| + |
Anthers 2-celled or anterior anthers 2-celled and posterior anthers 1-celled; corolla tube not saccate in front. |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Anterior anthers transversely 2-celled, cells parallel, posterior anthers 1-celled; calyx 5-dentate, only slightly dilated in fruit; verticillasters arranged in continuous or interrupted, long terminal spikes |
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52 Anisomeles |
| + |
Anther cells of both pairs equal, divaricate; calyx deformed or dilated in fruit; inflorescences of terminal loose panicles, rarely verticillasters axillary. |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Upper corolla lip falcate, sometimes very short; nutlets wingless; inflorescences of loose terminal panicles. |
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(9) |
| + |
Upper corolla lip flat; nutlets narrowly winged at apex and on 2 sides; leaves spiny on margin; verticillasters axillary, 2-6-flowered |
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55 Chamaesphacos |
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| 9 (8) |
Upper corolla lip very short; anther cells separate, divaricate; flowers very small; calyx equally 5-toothed |
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53 Craniotome |
| + |
Upper corolla lip galeate, long; filaments sometimes bearded near base; anther cells divaricate, confluent at apex; flowers large; one posterior tooth of calyx sometimes dilated |
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54 Microtoena |
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| 10 (3) |
Calyx teeth 5, spinescent, hooked at apex |
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27 Notochaete |
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Calyx teeth 5-10, not spinescent and hooked at apex. |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Style lobes unequal in length (sometimes equal in Phlomis), posterior much shorter than anterior. |
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(12) |
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Style lobes subequal or equal in length. |
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(15) |
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| 12 (11) |
Nutlets prominently hairy at apex; filaments with comblike-fimbriate appendages at base; calyx teeth truncate, apiculate at apex; desert or desert-meadow plants |
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28 Eremostachys |
| + |
Nutlets slightly hairy or glabrous; other characters not as above. |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Calyx 10-toothed |
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29 Leucas |
| + |
Calyx 5-toothed. |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Upper corolla lip always hairy or fringed-incised; posterior stamens mostly appendiculate at base; mostly erect herbs or subshrubs; leaf venation not fan-shaped; verticillasters axillary, lax or dense |
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30 Phlomis |
| + |
Upper corolla lip not fringed or incised; posterior stamens not appendiculate at base; stemless herbs; leaf venation fan-shaped; verticillasters in a dense scapose capitulum or short spike |
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31 Lamiophlomis |
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| 15 (11) |
Anther cells transversely 2-valved; lower lip of corolla with an apophysis on connective between middle and lateral lobes |
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32 Galeopsis |
| + |
Anther cells parallel or spreading in vertical or oblique position; lower lip of corolla without apophyses. |
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(16) |
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| 16 (15) |
Nutlets ovoid, rounded at apex. |
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(17) |
| + |
Nutlets ± acutely 3-angled, not truncate at apex (except in Loxocalyx and partly in Lagochilus). |
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(22) |
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| 17 (16) |
Upper corolla lip galeate, longer than lower lip, bearded; calyx obconic-campanulate, 10-veined, equally 5-toothed |
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44 Paraphlomis |
| + |
Upper corolla lip shorter than or equal to, rarely longer than lower lip, if equal or longer then calyx 5-8(-10)- or 11-veined. |
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(18) |
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| 18 (17) |
Calyx 2-lipped, 5-8(-10)- or 11-veined. |
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(19) |
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Calyx 5-toothed, 5-10-veined; teeth equal in length, rarely calyx 2-lipped. |
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(20) |
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| 19 (18) |
Calyx 5-8(-10)-veined, upper lip 3-toothed, lower 2-toothed; plants without woody underground stem; verticillasters axillary; stamens much exserted |
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42 Loxocalyx |
| + |
Calyx 11-veined, 2-lipped, upper lip 2-toothed, lower lip 3-toothed; plants with woody underground stem; verticillasters in terminal racemes; stamens slightly exserted |
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45 Ombrocharis |
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| 20 (18) |
Calyx teeth needlelike; shrubs with many spines arising from base of verticillasters and leaf axils; leaf margin spiny |
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40 Lagochilus |
| + |
Calyx teeth not needlelike; spineless herbs. |
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(21) |
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| 21 (20) |
Verticillasters many flowered, densely arranged in short cylindric or subcapitate spikes; anther cells parallel; corolla tube exserted, not villous annulate inside; anther cells parallel |
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46 Betonica |
| + |
Verticillasters 2- to many flowered, not in dense spikes; anther cells divaricate; corolla tube included or exserted, villous annulate or not at middle inside |
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47 Stachys |
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| 22 (16) |
Calyx 2-lipped, unequally 5-toothed, upper lip 3-toothed and lower 2-toothed, or upper lip entire and lower 4-toothed. |
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(23) |
| + |
Calyx inconspicuously 2-lipped, equally or subequally 5-toothed. |
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(24) |
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| 23 (22) |
Calyx tubular, upper lip 3-toothed, lower 2-toothed; verticillasters axillary |
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42 Loxocalyx |
| + |
Calyx broadly campanulate, upper lip entire, lower lip 4-toothed; verticillasters in dense terminal racemose panicles |
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43 Paralamium |
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| 24 (22) |
Posterior filaments appendiculate or thickened at base; desert or alpine plants. |
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(25) |
| + |
Posterior filaments not appendiculate at base; plants of various habitats. |
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(26) |
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| 25 (24) |
Calyx tubular-campanulate, teeth subulate or spinescent; nutlets hairy at apex; tall desert plants |
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28 Eremostachys |
| + |
Calyx broadly campanulate, teeth triangular; nutlets smooth; dwarf herbs of strongly weathered stony alluvial fans |
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41 Eriophyton |
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| 26 (24) |
Throat of corolla dilated, tube elongated; calyx teeth not spinescent. |
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(27) |
| + |
Throat of corolla barely dilated, tube slightly exserted or included; calyx teeth ± needlelike or spinescent. |
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(29) |
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| 27 (26) |
Middle lobe of lower corolla lip largest; non-alpine plants; leaves various. |
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(28) |
| + |
Lateral lobes of lower corolla lip larger, ovate; alpine plants; leaves broadly rhombic or cuneate fan-shaped, tomentose |
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35 Alajja |
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| 28 (27) |
Lateral lobes of lower corolla lip not developed, with a small, acute tooth on margin; anther cells divaricate, hairy |
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33 Lamium |
| + |
Lateral lobes of lower corolla lip well developed, with acute teeth on margin; anther cells divergent, glabrous |
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34 Galeobdolon |
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| 29 (26) |
Calyx teeth needlelike; shrubs with spines at base of verticillasters and in leaf axils; leaf margin spiny |
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40 Lagochilus |
| + |
Calyx teeth spinescent; spineless plants. |
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(30) |
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| 30 (29) |
Anther cells divaricate; leaves ovate, entire. |
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(31) |
| + |
Anther cells parallel; leaves other than ovate, dissected. |
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(32) |
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| 31 (30) |
Corolla 6-7 mm, slightly longer than calyx; nutlets pubescent at apex |
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36 Chaiturus |
| + |
Corolla more than 10 mm, much longer than calyx; nutlets glabrous |
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37 Stachyopsis |
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| 32 (30) |
Calyx funnelform, 5-veined; corolla purple-red, reddish, or white, tube puberulent or hairy annulate inside |
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38 Leonurus |
| + |
Calyx tubular-campanulate, 10-veined; corolla yellowish white, tube not hairy annulate inside |
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39 Panzerina |
